В аптеці. Лікарські форми. Оформлення рецепта у Великій Британії. Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс.

Міністерство освіти і науки України

Міністерство охорони здоров’я України

Комунальний заклад Сумської обласної ради

“Кoнотопський фаховий  медичний коледж”

Методична розробка до заняття

з предмету англійська мова   на тему:                                                                               В аптеці. Лікарські форми. Оформлення рецепта у Великій Британії.

Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс.

                                                               Предмет: Англійська мова

                                                              Спеціальність: Сестринська справа

                                                               Викладач : Костюченко С. М                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        .

Конотоп - 2023

                                                                                                                            1.Введення                                                                                                                                                               

Заняття має на меті поширити і закріпити у студентів фактографічний фаховий матеріал для застосування набутих навичок розмовної англійської мови та розвитку ведення монологічного та діалогічного мовлення на задану тематику, котра охоплює загальні відомості, відповідно до діючої навчальної програми з англійської мови по темам «Аптека.Ліки».

Доцільність вибору навчального матеріалу обумовлена тематикою професійно-орієнтованого циклу з англійської мови. Враховуючи природну допитливість студентів та їх зацікавленість і обізнаність  в предметах фахового навчання ,їм були запропоновані певні творчі завдання пов'язані з пошуком довідкових матеріалів необхідних для створення учбово-оперативної бази, завдяки якій було б достатньо  забезпечити проведення тематичного заняття. Для її утворення були залучені фахові та спеціалізовані матеріали з різноманітних джерел, доступних широкому загалу, як в англомовному так і в україномовному викладі. Використаний матеріал віддзеркалює коло фахових і наукових інтересів та захоплень самих студентів.

Мета:

Навчальна: полягає в умінні розповісти англійською мовою та навести певний фактографічний матеріал, обумовлений вимогами діючої програми.

Виховна: полягає у формуванні свідомого відношення до існуючої системи класифікації  та систематизації ліків і лікарських форм, прищепленні професійного ставлення до роботи аптекаря , фармаколога , фармацевта , поширенню набутих знань та навичок в споріднених галузях знань, вихованні  поважного відношення до роботи  аптекарських служб .

Розвиваюча: полягає у вдосконаленні навички сприйняття на слух англійської мови, поширення уяви про існуючі фармацевтичні терміни в англомовному викладі та  реалії англомовного світу. Ця мета досягається завдяки самостійному вибору матеріалу та засобам його представлення, знайомством з суспільно- культурними особливостями україномовного та англомовного світу.

Забезпечуючі предмети:

Фармакологія , фармакогнозія , хімія , біохімія , соціальна медицина.

Забезпечені предметом: Англійська мова

Матеріальне та методичне забезпечення: інформативні матеріали Інтернету з фармакології .Англійська мова для фармацевтів/Аврахова Л.Я. ,- К.:Медицина, 2012.  Англійська мова для фармацевтів/ Процюк І.Є., -К.:Медицина,2014.                                                               

                                                                                      Хід заняття

Організаційний момент – з’ясування дня, дати, місця, пори року.

1. What day is it today?
2. What date is it today?
3. What month is it now?
4. What season is it now?
5. Whick day of the English week is it?

У подальшому з’ясовуються чергові та присутні.

1. Who is on duty today?
2. Who is present today?
3. Who is late or absent today?

Запитується склад домашнього завдання та готовність до заняття.

What is your home task?

Read and translate the text “ Childhood diseases ” ,  learn by heart new words, answer the questions and recite the dialog.                                                  Kінцевого рівня знань, навичок, вмінь.

Студентам на підставі прочитаних та перекладених текстів пропонується відповісти на контрольні питання :

1. What  are  сhildhood diseases ?
2. What ways of passing diseases from one person to another do you know  ?
3. What causes these diseases?
4. What infectious diseases have been stamped out in our country ?
5. What are  the main symptoms of many infectious diseases?
6. What must nurses do to prevent  the spread of infection ?                                                              7.      What must nurses remember while caring for a person who has any  childhood disease?

У реченні-відповіді студенту треба визначити місце підмета та присудка і якою частиною мови вони представлені.

Кожен студент відповідає тільки на одне запитання. Після усного опитування проводиться письмовий лексичний диктант для перевірки орфоепічних та орфографічних навичок студентів.                                              Диктант.

Bacterium, bacteria,bacillus,bacilli,cholera ,diphtheria,enteric,whooping cough, rash , microorganism , bacteriological, plague ,malaria, malaise , eruption, prodromal, regain, stool, stamp out , thirst ,vaccination, peeling , rabies , serum , sputum , saliva , onset , meningitis , itch , itching .                                                              Повідомлення теми, дидактичної мети, плану заняття. Мотивації навчальної діяльності.

Студентам повідомляються лексична тема: “В аптеці. Лікарські форми. Оформлення рецепта у Великій Британії.”та граматична тема “Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс.” З підручника наводяться нові слова до теми.   Exercise 1. Phonetic reading: practice the pronunciation of the following words. Tty to translate them without the dictionary. Prescription , chemist , label , poisonous, to administer , dose , dosage , tonics , intravenous ,intramuscular, subcutaneous , sedatives , laxatives , bromide , cardiac , iodine , tranquillizer , stimulant , hormone ], diuretic , narcotic [na:'kotik, antibiotic , depressant , antihypertensive , compatibility , orally .                        Exercise 2. Learn the following words and word combinations by heart. See the transcription of the words in Exercise 1. Label - етикетка; labels ofthree colors (white, yellow, blue); to stick a label on a bottle; the dose ofthe drug is indicated on the label. To administer - призначати; to administer some medicines; to administer some drug orally (для внутрішнього вживання); a doctor administers proper treatment; direction for administration of a drug. Dose - доза; dosage - дозування; the dose is indicated on the label; overdosage ofa drug may cause allergic reaction - передозування ліків може викликати алергічну реакцію. Vitamin - вітамін; vitamins for internal use, for intravenous injections, for intramuscular injections. drugs for cough - ліки від кашлю cardiac medicine - серцеві ліки tonic - тонізуючий (зміцнювальний) засіб sedative -заспокійливий (снодійний) засіб tranquillizer -заспокійливий засіб, транквілізатор stimulant -збуджуючий засіб diuretic - сечогінний засіб depressant -заспокійливий засіб antihypertensive -засіб, що знижує тиск (гіпотензивний) to be in charge of- бути відповідальним за manager - керівник, директор, завідувач compatibility - сумісність ingredient - складова частина constant - постійний average - середній drug cabinet - шафа для зберігання ліків strong effective drug - сильнодіючі ліки medicines right away - готові лікарські препарати % - per cent [pa'sent] - відсоток, процент ml, milliliter -мілілітр mgm, milligram - міліграм                                                                                                                                       Короткий зміст, тези нового матеріалу.                                                                                Граматична тема “Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс.”                               § 105,ст.536-537. Absolute Participle Complex (Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс) Він складається з іменника (чи займенника) і дієприкметника, де перший виконує роль підмета у комплексі, хоч і не є підметом для всього речення: The day being very fine, she went for a walk. (Оскільки день був дуже гарний, вона пішла на прогулянку.) The letter being written. I went to post it. (Коли лист був написаний, я пішов його відправити.) Her face smiling, she came into the room. (Усміхаючись, вона зайшла в кімнату.) Цей комплекс може вводитись прийменником with’. She was sitting on the chair with her head and one hand lying on the table. (Вона сиділа на стільці, поклавши голову і руку на стіл.)                                                                                                                                                                  Exercise 3,ст.353.  Find the Absolute Participial Construction in the sentences. Translate the sentences. 1. The doctor having made the morning round, the nurses began to fulfill his prescriptions. 2. The case being urgent, the doctor gave some directions to the nurse. 3. The patient having fallen asleep, the nurse left the ward. 4. The doctor having performed the operation, the patient was wheeled to his ward. 5. The patient being very weak, the operation was postponed. 6. Influenza is a rapidly spreading disease, people ofall ages suffering from it. 7. Our professor delivered two lectures about influenza, the students listening to him attentively. 8. The students helped the nurse to fulfill doctor’s prescriptions, the patients being examined with their help.

We are welcoming you to our little conference! The researches of our groups were travelling and collecting some precious findings. There are the pharmacological evidences about classification and systematization of the remedies  in  Ukraine and English –speaking countries. 

Our first reporter had for object to acquire some information about the chemist . On receiving a prescription from a doctor or on following a home treatment all of us need medicines, which are ordered or bought at a chemist’s.There are usually two departments in a large chemist’s at the chemist’s department one can have the medicine immediately, other drugs have to be ordered at the prescription department.At any chemist’s all the drugs are kept in drug cabinets. Each medicine has a label on it. White labels indicate drugs for internal use, yellow — for external use and blue — for injections. The dose to be taken and the directions for the administration are also indicated on a label. It is very important for chemists, nurses, doctors and patients themselves. It prevents confusing different remedies, some of which are poisonous. Their over dosage may cause unfavourable reactions and even death. At the chemist’s one can buy different drugs for intramusculary and intravenous injections, for oral аdministration and for external use.

 Guide: It was interesting information. I think a lot of us will remember this, all our life. I think it is necessary information.What do you tell us about the PHARMACY.

 Our second reporter will say a couple of words about that. Pharmacy is the science which treats of medicinal substances. It deals not only with medicines and the art of compounding and dispensing them, but with their combination, analysis and standardization.

The word “pharmacy” is also used to define the place where medicines are compounded, dispensed and sold. The title “pharmacist” is conferred upon a person who demonstrates that he is scientifically and professionally capable to engage in the practice of pharmacy. The compounding of medicines which requires the scientific combination of two or more ingredients and their dispensing demand special, knowledge, experience and high professional standards. To become a pharmacist one should achieve knowledge of different subjects, such as physics, chemistry, botany, etc. Physics is the science, which deals with matter in general, especially its relation to energy.

It generally deals with constitution and properties of matter, mechanics, sound and light, heal, optics, electricity and magnetism.

Chemistry is the science, which explains the composition of matter and the transformations, which it undergoes. It has many divisions such as General Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Qualitative Analysis, Quantitative Analysis, Physical Chemistry, Biochemistry and many other fields. Botany is the science that deals with the structure, functions and classification of plants. Pharmacognosy is the science, dealing with the history, source, cultivation, collection, preparation, distribution, composition, purity and preservation of drugs of vegetable and animal origin.Pharmacology is the science of drugs.A Pharmacopoeia is a book containing a list of medicinal substances with formulas for their preparation.The Pharmacopoeia describes also the proper method of packaging and storing the drug.

Guide: It was interesting information. I think a lot of us will remember this, all our life. I think it is necessary information.We thanks them and go to other topic and then we will listen  a bit more information  about CLASSIFICATION AND MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUGS.                                                             Next reporter. CLASSIFICATION AND MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUGS .A drug or medicine is any substance or mixture of substances which is taken into the body for the purpose of improving one’s physical or mental condition. In the past, medicines were usually mixtures of many plants and mineral substances, prescribed in Latin by physicians and made up by pharmacists into elixirs,powders or ointments that were often strange smelling and tasting. Today we live in an entirely different era of drugs and medicines. Rarely are prescriptions written in Latin and rarely does the pharmacist himself prepare the drugs. Instead, most medicines are manufactured in large quantities in the form of tablets, capsules, time released particles, creams, suppositories and liquids for oral use or injection. Production, distribution and availability of each type of drug is controlled by legislation dating back to the first half of this century, although new laws continue to be made. Nowadays, before a drug is introduced on the market, it must meet stringent standards of safety and effectiveness, since it may be used by millions. To  determine whether it does meet these requirements, it is first tested in many animals and later in human volunteers and persons with specific diseases which the drug is designed to treat. All drugs can be grouped according to the action they possess.  

Guide. What can you say about main groups  ?

Reporter: The main groups are: Antiseptic and disinfectants kill bacteria by poisoning them.Expectorants are used for assisting in coughing by reducing the irritation of throat.Cough mixtures are used to suppress  coughing.Laxatives make the bowels move.Analgesics soothe or relieve pain. Tonics are taken to strengthen the body and immune system. Application for skin and mucous membrane includes ointments, lotions, and liniments.The drugs can be classified according to their form. The main groups are: Pill is a small ball or tablet of medicine for swallowing whole.Tablet is a small shaped piece of compressed medicine. Ointment is a semi-solid medicinal preparation made from oil or fat and used on the skin. Tincture is alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution.To add that list we can’t but mention decoctions, solutions, infusions, powders,and suppositories.                                                                                                  

The major characteristics of drugs are:1.Therapeutic effect is a selective action on an organ. 2.Side effects are an undesirable action (nausea, vomiting, and rash, etc). 3.Allergic reaction is an expected individual reaction.To these we can add indication, shelf life, and storage condition.
Drugs are most commonly can be administered in a number of ways:                                     •Orally, as a liquid or solid, that is absorbed through the stomach.
•Inhaled, (breathed into the lungs), as a vapour.                                                                                                                                •Parenterally (by injection): intramuscular, intravenous.
•Rectally as a suppository, that is absorbed by the colon.                                                                                           •Vaginally as a suppository, primarily to treat vaginal infections.
•Topically as applications for the skin.Many drugs can be administered in a variety of ways.
 

Guide.And what about Homeopathic Medicine?                                                                        Next reporter. Many people today do not realize that homeopathy was widely practiced in the second half of the nineteenth century.In Britain, members of the Royal Family have been cared for by homeopathic physicians since the reign of Queen Victoria. There are around 200 homeopathic physicians in Britain; the principal hospitals offering such treatment are in London and Glasgow. France has nearly 800 homeopathic physicians, and the movement is also active in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.There are some homeopathic remedies and rules how to use them.Allium сера (red onion). This remedy will help the person with early-stage cold who looks as if he has been peeling onions. There is frequent sneezing and the eyes stream; a watery discharge irritates the nose. The person may also have laryngitis, with a raw sensation extending into the chest. Apis mellifica (honeybee). This remedy will relieve insect bites, including bee stings, or other rosy red spots with stinging pains.Belladonna (deadly nightshade). The Belladonna patient is flushed, hot, and restless; symptoms arc violent, with a sudden onset. The person may have a sore throat or cough, headache, ear ache, or fever.Gelsemium sempervirens (yellow jasmine). A remedy to consider if the person feels dull, heavy-lidded, complains of aching and chills, is not thirsty and wants to be left alone. Gelsemium is often needed for flu, head colds, tension headache.Ignatia amara (St. Ignatius bean). Ignatia is the grief remedy for the person who doesn’t recover from an emotional upset such as disappointment or anger; the patient sighs very frequently.Ledum palustre (marsh tea). This is the key remedy for puncture wounds, stings, and bites. Ledum is also helpful in eye injuries and sprained ankle.    Guide.What do you say else about  the art  of homeopathy ?                                                    Next reporter. Nux vomica (poison nut). Nux is sometimes called the “hangover remedy” because it often relieves the person who has overindulged in food or alcohol. It also helps the chronic user of laxative to break the habit.Phosphorus. Some of the symptoms that indicate the need for phosphorus are laryngitis, a chest cold, hemorrhaging. Phosphorus has a long-lasting effect and should not be repeated often.To take a remedy, tip the dose onto your clean palm or onto a spoon, and transfer onto the tongue. If you are giving the dose to someone else, use his or her palm rather than yours. If you inadvertently pour out more tablets or granules than needed for the dose, discard the excess; do not replace them in the bottle because you may contaminate the remainder of your medicine. When opening the bottle, make certain that nothing touches the inside portion of the cork cap, and close the bottle as soon as possible. Never have more than one remedy open at the same time as contamination can take place through airborne particles.Keep medicines away from strong light, heat, and pungent odors such as camphor, menthol, mothballs, carbolic soap, and perfume. As an added protection place your kit in an outer container. Keep out of reach of small children. Homeopathy is on the rise all over the world, owing to the dissatisfaction of both physician and patient with the medical treatment at their disposal. Both are looking for a safe and effective approach to healing and finding answers in homeopathy.

Guide. Thank you. And what about video? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXGl5AHLA_Q

Here is our crossword for you. Try to guess! Do the crossword puzzle.

ACROSS: 1. A medicine (encapsulated), which is inserted into the rectum or vagina and dissolves there.- 1- Suppository. 5. A liquid medicine taken in drops.5-Drops .6. A substance used to treat diseases.6- Medicine 7. Doctor's instructions to a pharmacist stating the form, dosage, etc., of a drug.7-Prescription.  9. A medicinal paste made from oil or fat and used on the skin.9-Ointment.

DOWN: 2. A thin tube for transferring small quantities of liquid, esp. used in chemistry.2 - Pipette 3. Introducing a liquid into smth with a syringe. 3- Injection. 4. A medicine made of compressed powdered substance.4-Tablet 5. A substance used for medical purposes, either alone or in a mixture.5 Dust. 8. A small ball or tablet to be swallowed whole. 8-Pill.

                                           Question time!                                                                                       1.Can you find the definition of a drug given in the text? . A drug or medicine is any substance or mixture of substances which is taken into the body for the purpose of improving one’s physical or mental condition.                                         2.How did medicines look like in the past? In the past, medicines were usually mixtures of many plants and mineral substances, prescribed in Latin by physicians and made up by pharmacists into elixirs,powders or ointments that were often strange smelling and tasting.                                                                   3.Are most medicines manufactured nowadays? In what forms? , Most medicines are manufactured in large quantities in the form of tablets, capsules, time released particles, creams, suppositories and liquids for oral use or injection.                                                                                                                       4.By whom is production, distribution and availability of drugs controlled? Production, distribution and availability of each type of drug is controlled by legislation dating back to the first half of this century, although new laws continue to be made.                                                                                                5.What happens before a drug is introduced on the market? Nowadays, before a drug is introduced on the market, it must meet stringent standards of safety and effectiveness, since it may be used by millions. To determine whether it does meet these requirements, it is first tested in many animals and later in human volunteers and persons with specific diseases which the drug is designed to treat.                                                                                                                                   6.In what two groups can the drugs be classified? All drugs can be grouped according to the action they possess and may be internal or external.                              7.What is the action of antiseptics? They act like disinfectants.                             8.What are expectorants used for? Expectorants are used for assisting in coughing by reducing the irritation of throat.                                                        9.What are the applications? Cough mixtures are used to suppress coughing. 10.What forms of drugs do you know? The drugs can be classified according to their form. The main groups are: Pill is a small ball or tablet of medicine for swallowing whole. Tablet is a small shaped piece of compressed medicine. Ointment is a semi-solid medicinal preparation made from oil or fat and used on the skin. Tincture is alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution. To add that list we can’t but mention decoctions, solutions, infusions, powders, and suppositories . 11.Can you describe the major characteristics of drugs?                                         12.How are drugs administered? The major characteristics of drugs are:1.Therapeutic effect is a selective action on an organ. 2.Side effects are an undesirable action (nausea, vomiting, and rash, etc). 3.Allergic reaction is an expected individual reaction. To these we can add indication, shelf life, and storage condition. Drugs are most commonly can be administered in a number of ways: •Orally, as a liquid or solid, that is absorbed through the stomach. •Inhaled, (breathed into the lungs), as a vapour. •Parenterally (by injection): intramuscular, intravenous. •Rectally as a suppository, that is absorbed by the colon. •Vaginally as a suppository, primarily to treat vaginal infections. •Topically as applications for the skin.Many drugs can be administered in a variety of ways.
13. Have members of the Royal Family been cared for by homeopathic physicians? In Britain, members of the Royal Family have been cared for by homeopathic physicians since the reign of Queen Victoria.                                        14.How many homeopathic physicians are there in France?  France has nearly 800 homeopathic physicians                                                                                      15.Will Allium сера help the person with early-stage cold? Allium сера (red onion),this remedy will help the person with early-stage cold who looks as if he has been peeling onions.                                                                                             16.Will Apis mellifica relieve insect bites, including bee stings, or other rosy red spots with stinging pains? . Apis mellifica (honeybee). This remedy will relieve insect bites, including bee stings, or other rosy red spots with stinging pains.                                                                                                                        17.What can Belladonna treat? The Belladonna patient is flushed, hot, and restless; symptoms are violent, with a sudden onset. The person may have a sore throat or cough, headache, ear ache, or fever.                                                           18.What is Gelsemium? Gelsemium sempervirens (yellow jasmine). A remedy to consider if the person feels dull, heavy-lidded, complains of aching and chills, is not thirsty and wants to be left alone.                                                                  19) What is it often needed for? Gelsemium is often needed for flu, head colds, tension headache.                                                                                                               20. Is Ignatia the grief remedy for the person who doesn’t recover from an emotional upset such as disappointment or anger? Ignatia amara (St. Ignatius bean). Ignatia is the grief remedy for the person who doesn’t recover from an emotional upset such as disappointment or anger; the patient sighs very frequently .                                                                                                                              21. In what cases is Ledum palustre helpful?Ledum palustre (marsh tea). This is the key remedy for puncture wounds, stings, and bites. Ledum is also helpful in eye injuries and sprained ankle.                                                                                   22.How is Nux sometimes called? Nux is sometimes called the “hangover remedy” because it often relieves the person who has overindulged in food or alcohol. It also helps the chronic user of laxative to break the habit.

Підведення підсумків занять.

Виставлення поурочного балу. Основними помилками, котрих важко було запобігти, були інтонування, вимови та узгодження часів. Складність перекладу полягала в обтяженості речень тексту синтаксичними ускладненнями та складнопідрядним характером будови більшості речень. Оцінка виставляється по сукупності правильно виконаних завдань.

Домашнє завдання.Саблук,Впр.10 , ст. 231; впр. 2 , ст.234.                      Бібліографія

1. Англійська мова для фармацевтів/Аврахова Л.Я. ,- К.:Медицина, 2012.                                                                                                                                        2.  Англійська мова для фармацевтів/ Процюк І.Є., -К.:Медицина,2014.              3. Англомовні країни та Україна. Теми для розвитку мовлення та підготовки до тестів та міжнародних іспитів./ Антонюк Н. М., Краснолуцький К.К. ,-              Вінниця. Нова книга, 2001.

4. Англо-український словник власних назв та імен/ Олійник Т.,                              - Тернопіль: Підручник і посібники, 2010.

5. Англо-український словник освітньої лексики. /Вергун Л.-                 Тернопіль: Підручник і посібники, 2010.   

6. https://youtu.be/MXGl5AHLA_Q