Контроль читання New Destination B1+

Read the text below and answer the questions 1-5. Choose a, b, c or d.

The area now known as the United States of America

was not an unpopulated wilderness before the arrival of

European settlers. Among those who were already living

off the land were the Cheyenne, one of several tribes of Native

Americans. Like other tribes, such as the Sioux and the Navajo,

Line 6 they were put under a lot of pressure to change both where and how they lived.

Four hundred years ago the Cheyenne, whose name means ‘little red-talker’, were based in the Eastern Woodlands. Unusually for Native American tribes, they were farmers, planting corn and beans, rather than hunters. However, by the middle of the nineteenth century this had changed, and the Cheyenne had developed a horse culture and hunted bison on the Great Plains.

Traditionally, the chiefs or elders of the Cheyenne were organised into the ‘Council of Forty-Four.’ They had rules for everyday life, warfare, celebrations and ceremonies. One thing that made the Cheyenne different from other tribes, which were exclusively patriarchal, was that women were far more active in tribal affairs.

In twenty-first century America, many Cheyenne live in exactly the same way as most people in big cities do. However, there is another option for those who want to keep their traditional way of life. This is to live on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in southeast Montana, or on the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in central Oklahoma. The combined population of the Cheyenne is presently close to 20,000.

1.What does the word "they"refer to in line 6?

Read the text below and answer the questions 1-5. Choose a, b, c or d.

The area known as the United States of America was not an unpopulated wilderness before the arrival of European settlers. Among those who were already living off the land were the Cheyenne, one of several tribes of Native Americans. Like other tribes, such as the Sioux and the Navajo, they were put under a lot of pressure to change both where and how they lived.

Four hundred years ago the Cheyenne, whose name means ‘little red-talker’, were based in the Eastern Woodlands. Unusually for Native American tribes, they were farmers, planting corn and beans, rather than hunters. However, by the middle of the nineteenth century this had changed, and the Cheyenne had developed a horse culture and hunted bison on the Great Plains.

Traditionally, the chiefs or elders of the Cheyenne were organised into the ‘Council of Forty-Four.’ They had rules for everyday life, warfare, celebrations and ceremonies. One thing that made the Cheyenne different from other tribes, which were exclusively patriarchal, was that women were far more active in tribal affairs.

In twenty-first century America, many Cheyenne live in exactly the same way as most people in big cities do. However, there is another option for those who want to keep their traditional way of life. This is to live on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in southeast Montana, or on the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in central Oklahoma. The combined population of the Cheyenne is presently close to 20,000.

2. When did the Cheyenne migrate to the Great Plains?

Read the text below and answer the questions 1-5. Choose a, b, c or d.

The area known as the United States of America was not an unpopulated wilderness before the arrival of European settlers. Among those who were already living off the land were the Cheyenne, one of several tribes of Native Americans. Like other tribes, such as the Sioux and the Navajo, they were put under a lot of pressure to change both where and how they lived.

Four hundred years ago the Cheyenne, whose name means ‘little red-talker’, were based in the Eastern Woodlands. Unusually for Native American tribes, they were farmers, planting corn and beans, rather than hunters. However, by the middle of the nineteenth century this had changed, and the Cheyenne had developed a horse culture and hunted bison on the Great Plains.

Traditionally, the chiefs or elders of the Cheyenne were organised into the ‘Council of Forty-Four.’ They had rules for everyday life, warfare, celebrations and ceremonies. One thing that made the Cheyenne different from other tribes, which were exclusively patriarchal, was that women were far more active in tribal affairs.

In twenty-first century America, many Cheyenne live in exactly the same way as most people in big cities do. However, there is another option for those who want to keep their traditional way of life. This is to live on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in southeast Montana, or on the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in central Oklahoma. The combined population of the Cheyenne is presently close to 20,000.

3. Where would a Cheyenne who wanted a traditional way of life prefer to live?

Read the text below and answer the questions 1-5. Choose a, b, c or d.

The area known as the United States of America was not an unpopulated wilderness before the arrival of European settlers. Among those who were already living off the land were the Cheyenne, one of several tribes of Native Americans. Like other tribes, such as the Sioux and the Navajo, they were put under a lot of pressure to change both where and how they lived.

Four hundred years ago the Cheyenne, whose name means ‘little red-talker’, were based in the Eastern Woodlands. Unusually for Native American tribes, they were farmers, planting corn and beans, rather than hunters. However, by the middle of the nineteenth century this had changed, and the Cheyenne had developed a horse culture and hunted bison on the Great Plains.

Traditionally, the chiefs or elders of the Cheyenne were organised into the ‘Council of Forty-Four.’ They had rules for everyday life, warfare, celebrations and ceremonies. One thing that made the Cheyenne different from other tribes, which were exclusively patriarchal, was that women were far more active in tribal affairs.

In twenty-first century America, many Cheyenne live in exactly the same way as most people in big cities do. However, there is another option for those who want to keep their traditional way of life. This is to live on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in southeast Montana, or on the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in central Oklahoma. The combined population of the Cheyenne is presently close to 20,000.

4. Which of the following is not true?

Read the text below and answer the questions 1-5. Choose a, b, c or d.

The area known as the United States of America was not an unpopulated wilderness before the arrival of European settlers. Among those who were already living off the land were the Cheyenne, one of several tribes of Native Americans. Like other tribes, such as the Sioux and the Navajo, they were put under a lot of pressure to change both where and how they lived.

Four hundred years ago the Cheyenne, whose name means ‘little red-talker’, were based in the Eastern Woodlands. Unusually for Native American tribes, they were farmers, planting corn and beans, rather than hunters. However, by the middle of the nineteenth century this had changed, and the Cheyenne had developed a horse culture and hunted bison on the Great Plains.

Traditionally, the chiefs or elders of the Cheyenne were organised into the ‘Council of Forty-Four.’ They had rules for everyday life, warfare, celebrations and ceremonies. One thing that made the Cheyenne different from other tribes, which were exclusively patriarchal, was that women were far more active in tribal affairs.

In twenty-first century America, many Cheyenne live in exactly the same way as most people in big cities do. However, there is another option for those who want to keep their traditional way of life. This is to live on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in southeast Montana, or on the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in central Oklahoma. The combined population of the Cheyenne is presently close to 20,000.

5. What is the purpose of the text?