Англійська ПМК2 (301-350)

Додано: 25 серпня 2023
Предмет: Трудове навчання, 1 клас
Тест виконано: 9 разів
50 запитань
Запитання 1

301. A patient has air embolism as a result of a skin injury in the middle portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Which cervical vein was injured?

варіанти відповідей

Anterior jugular vein

Internal jugular vein

Posterior auricular vein

Transverse cervical vein

External jugular vein

Запитання 2

302. A 36-year-old male patient has malabsorption of sodium ions from the intestinal lumen into blood. At the same time, absorption of the following substances REMAINS UNCHANGED:

варіанти відповідей

Carbohydrates

Water

Proteins

Fats

Chlorides

Запитання 3

303. Microscopy of a smear taken from the film that appeared on the peptone water 6 hours after seeding and culturing of a fecal sample in a thermostat revealed mobile gram-negative bacteria curved in form of a comma that didn’t make sporesor capsules. What microorganisms were revealed?

варіанти відповідей

Spirochetes

Vibrios

Corynebacteria

Spirilla

Clostridia

Запитання 4

304. A patient is diagnosed with pancreatic diabetes with associated hyperglycemia. Glycemia rate can be assessed retrospectively (4-8 weeks prior to examination) by measuring concentration of the following blood plasma protein:

варіанти відповідей

C-reactive protein

Fibrinogen

Glycated hemoglobin

Ceruloplasmin

Albumin

Запитання 5

305. A 23-year-old patient consulted an oculist about vision impairment. Visual activity was corrected by means of lenticular lenses. Specify the type of dysfunction of the visual analyzer in this patient:

варіанти відповідей

Daltonism

Myopia

Night-blindness

Hyperopia

Astigmatism

Запитання 6

306. An attack of tachycardia was stopped by pressing on the eyeballs. Which of the following reflexes underlies this phenomenon?

варіанти відповідей

Hering reflex

Aschner reflex

Holtz reflex

Bernard reflex

Bainbridge reflex

Запитання 7

307. A patient complains of an increased sensitivity of the posterior third of his tongue as well as of a gustatory disturbance in this region. What nerve is damaged?

варіанти відповідей

Trigeminal

Facial

Accessory

Hypoglossal

Glossopharyngeal

Запитання 8

308. Children often have laboured nasal breathing which is caused by overdevelopment of lymphoid tissue of the pharyngeal mucous membrane. This phenomenon may cause enlargement of the following tonsils:

варіанти відповідей

Tonsilla pharyngea

All above-mentioned

Tonsilla lingualis

Tonsilla palatina

Tonsilla tubaria

Запитання 9

309. A 42-year-old female patient consulted a doctor about pain in the knee joints. Objectively there is swelling, redness, hyperthermia in the region of these joints. Laboratory testing revealed positive acute phase reactants. What drugs should be used to treat this patient?

варіанти відповідей

Sulfonamides

Antibiotics

Anti-inflammatory drugs

Antidepressants

Narcotic analgesics

Запитання 10

310. A 30-year-old patient with pneumonia has been administered a 3-day course of an antibiotic from the group of azalides that has bactericidal effect, prolonged action, the ability to bind to phagocytic cells and accumulate in the infection foci. What drug has been administered?

варіанти відповідей

Isoniazid

Erythromycin

Ciprofloxacin

Azithromycin

Benzylpenicillin sodium salt

Запитання 11

311. Enamel hypoplasia is caused by a dominant gene localized in the X chromosome. Mother has a normal enamel, and father has enamel hypoplasia. Which of children will have this anomaly?

варіанти відповідей

Half of the daughters

All the children

Only the daughters

Half of the sons

Only the sons

Запитання 12

312. A patient with hypoparathyreosis has multiple carious lesions of teeth. This pathology is caused by insufficiency of the following hormone:

варіанти відповідей

Thyroxin

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Triiodothyronine

Somatotropin

Calcitonin

Запитання 13

313. As a result of an injury the patient is unable to move his tongue forward and downward. Which of the following muscles is damaged?

варіанти відповідей

Stylohyoid

Superior longitudinal

Hyoglossal

Genioglossal

Inferior longitudinal

Запитання 14

314. A patient has a systemic inflammatory lesion of connective tissue. Which antiinflammatory drug will reduce all the inflammatory phases?

варіанти відповідей

Phenylbutazone

Prednisolone

Indomethacin

Contrycal

Diclofenac sodium

Запитання 15

315. A patient has been hospitalised with provisional diagnosis of hepatitis B. To make a diagnosis, serological reaction is used, which is based on antigen reacting with antibody chemically bound with peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase. What is the name of this serological reaction?

варіанти відповідей

Complement binding assay

Immobilization test

Enzymoimmunoassay

Immunofluorescence test

Radioimmunoassay

Запитання 16

316. A 29-year-old patient with bacterial pneumonia has been administered penicillin. What is the mechanism of its antimicrobial action?

варіанти відповідей

Inhibition of intracellular protein synthesis

Inhibition of SH-groups of microorganism enzymes

Inhibition of cholinesterase activity

Antagonism of PABA

Inhibition of cell walls synthesis in the microorganisms

Запитання 17

317. A patient with inflammation of tongue mucosa (glossitis) complains of taste sensitivity disorder in the two anterior thirds of the tongue. This is caused by the lesion of the following nerve:

варіанти відповідей

Lesser petrosal

Tympanichord

Glossopharyngeal

Tympanic

Lingual

Запитання 18

318. A patient has oliguria caused by acute renal failure. What daily amount of urine corresponds with this symptom?

варіанти відповідей

100-500 ml

1000-1500 ml

1500-2000 ml

500-1000 ml

50-100 ml

Запитання 19

319. Following the tooth extraction for acute pulpitis complicated by purulent periodontitis a patient developed osteomyelitis of mandible. 10 days later the patient died with symptoms of severe intoxication. Autopsy revealed a 2x2 cm large abscess of the right frontal lobe of brain, bilateral abscessed pneumonia, myeloid hyperplasia of spleen. What is the most likely diagnosis?

варіанти відповідей

Secondary septic endocarditis

Chroniosepsis

Pyosepticemia

Septicemia

Запитання 20

320. For the treatment of periostitis a 35-year-old patient should be administered an antibiotic with a high ability to penetrate into the bone tissue. Specify this drug:

варіанти відповідей

Doxycycline hydrochloride

Kanamycin

Erythromycin

Streptomycin

Chloramphenicol

Запитання 21

321. A patient with pituitary tumor complains of increased daily diuresis (polyuria). Glucose concentration in blood plasma equals 4,8 mmol/l. What hormone can be the cause of this if its secretion is disturbed?

варіанти відповідей

Angiotensin I

Insulin

Vasopressin

Aldosterone

Natriuretic hormone

Запитання 22

322. A patient with acute retention of urine has been brought to an admission room. During examination a doctorfound out that the patient has urethral obturation caused by pathology of the surrounding organ. Name this organ.

варіанти відповідей

Testicle

Spermatic cord

Prostate

Seminal vesicle

Epididymis

Запитання 23

323. Diphtheria exotoxin had been treated with 0,3-0,4% formalin and kept in a thermostat for 30 days at a temperature of 4 0 oC. What preparation was obtained as a result of these manipulation s ?C. What preparation was obtained as a result of these manipulations?

варіанти відповідей

Anatoxin

Diagnostic serum

Diagnosticum

Antitoxin

Therapeutic serum

Запитання 24

324. Having recovered from angina a 23-year-old patient developed urinary syndrome (hematuria, proteinuria, leukocyturia). Study of the puncture biopsy of a kidney revealed manifestations of intracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis, and electron microscopy revealed large subepithelial deposits. What is the pathogenesis of this disease?

варіанти відповідей

Cell-mediated cytolysis

Cytotoxic, cytolytic action of antibodies

Atopy, anaphylaxis with production of IgE and their fixation to the mast cells

Granulomatosis

Immunocomplex mechanism

Запитання 25

325. During auscultation a 26-year-old patient was asked to breathe deep. After 10 breaths the patient lost consciousness, which is associated with the development of the following condition:

варіанти відповідей

Erythropenia

Carbon dioxide acidosis

Polycythemia

Respiratory alkalosis

Reduced oxygen capacity of blood

Запитання 26

326. A 60-year-old patient with a history of bronchial asthma has had several attacks during the day. What is the optimal drug to be used for their prevention?

варіанти відповідей

Isadrinum

Salbutamol

Methacinum

Dobutamine

Adrenaline hydrochloride

Запитання 27

327. After using a toothpaste a 27year-old patient has developed Quincke’s edema. Administer a drug from the group of histamine H1-receptor antagonists for the treatment of this condition:

варіанти відповідей

Analgin

Dimedrol

Digoxin

Paracetamol

Chlorpromazine

Запитання 28

328. Phenylketonuria is a disease caused by a recessive gene that is localized in the autosome. The parents are heterozygous for this gene. They already have two sons with phenylketonuria and one healthy daughter. What is the probability that their fourth child will have the disease too?

варіанти відповідей

25 %

0 %

100 %

50 %

75 %

Запитання 29

329. Platelet adhesion at the site of vascular injury is of great importance for the mechanisms of primary hemostasis. Which factor plays a major part in this process?

варіанти відповідей

Hageman’s

Rosenthal’s

Fitzgerald’s

Fletcher’s

Willebrand’s

Запитання 30

330. A 35-year-old patient complains of pain in the upper jaw, bleeding, a slight loosening of teeth. He has been diagnosed with periodontitis. What is a typical pathological process in this case?

варіанти відповідей

Redness

Pain

Caries

Inflammation

Bleeding

Запитання 31

331. Examination of a teenager revealed a congenital heart disease, namely the functioning of Botallo’s duct. In the prenatal period of development this duct connects the following organs:

варіанти відповідей

Right and left atrium

Right and left ventricle

Aorta and inferior vena cava

Pulmonary trunk and aorta

Pulmonary trunk and superior vena cava

Запитання 32

332. A patient complains of toothache. On examination he has been diagnosed with pulpitis. Which factor played a main pathogenic role in the development of pain syndrome in this case?

варіанти відповідей

Inadequate stimulation of a mandibular nerve branch

Interleukin action

Increased intratissular pressure in the dental pulp

Vasospasm

Activation of one of the components of the complement system

Запитання 33

333. Following treatment with a highlyefficient anti-tuberculosis drug a 48-yearold female developed optic nerve neuritis, memory impairment, cramps. Which of these anti-TB drugs had the patient taken?

варіанти відповідей

PASA

Kanamycin sulfate

Rifampicin

Ethambutol

Isoniazid

Запитання 34

334. In Western Europe nearly half of all congenital malformations occur in the children conceived in the period when pesticides were used extensively in the region. Those congenital conditions result from the following influence:

варіанти відповідей

Carcinogenic

Mechanical

Teratogenic

Malignization

Mutagenic

Запитання 35

335. A patient from Prykarpattia (at the foot of the Carpathian mountains) with endemic goiter consulted a doctor about suppuration of gingival angles and loosening of teeth. What is a major factor of periodontitis development in this case?

варіанти відповідей

Stress effects

Malnutrition

Hypersalivation

Endocrine disorders

Violation of swallowing

Запитання 36

336. A patient with rheumatoid arthritis has been given hydrocortisone for a long time. He has developed hyperglycemia, polyuria, glycosuria, thirst. These complications of treatment result from the activation of the following process:

варіанти відповідей

Glycolysis

Lipolysis

Glycogenolysis

Glycogenesis

Gluconeogenesis

Запитання 37

337. After restoration of maxllary incisors with artificial crowns a 44-year-old female was found to have a brownish overgrowth in form of a node of 15 mm in diameter. Histological study revealed that under the stratified squamous epithelium of gingiva there was a connective tissue mass with numerous sinusoidal vessels, ovalshaped mononuclear cells forming osteoid substance, and polynuclear giant cells that destroyed the alveolar ridge of the upper jaw. What is the most likely diagnosis?

варіанти відповідей

Giant cell epulis

Fibromatous epulis

Eosinophilic granuloma

Gingival fibromatosis

Angiomatous epulis

Запитання 38

338. When examining the child’s oral cavity, a dentist has noticed growth of the child’s first permanent canines. How old is the child?

варіанти відповідей

7

9

13

6

10

Запитання 39

339. Human X chromosome contains a dominant gene that is reponsible for normal blood clotting. An autosomal dominant gene plays a similar role. Lack of any of these genes leads to the coagulation disorder. The form of interaction between these genes is called:

варіанти відповідей

Complementarity

Epistasis

Polymerism

Pleiotropy

Codominance

Запитання 40

340. Autopsy of a young man revealed some lung cavities with inner walls made up of granulation tissue with varying degrees of maturity; pronounced pneumosclerosis and bronchiectasis. Some cavities had caseation areas. What is your presumptive diagnosis?

варіанти відповідей

Infiltrative tuberculosis

Fibrous cavernous tuberculosis

Acute cavernous tuberculosis

Bronchiectasis

Caseous pneumonia

Запитання 41

341. After severe viral hepatitis a 4-year-old boy presents with vomiting, occasional loss of consciousness, convulsions. Blood test revealed hyperammoniemia. Such condition is caused by a disorder of the following biochemical hepatic process:

варіанти відповідей

Disorder of biogenic amines neutralization

Protein synthesis inhibition

Activation of amino acid decarboxylation

Inhibition of transamination enzymes

Disorder of ammonia neutralization

Запитання 42

342. A female who had been continuously taking antibiotics for an intestinal infection developed a complication manifested by inflammation of the oral mucosa and white deposit. Bacteriological study of the deposit samples revealed yeast fungi Candida albicans. Which of the following medications is indicated for the treatment of this complication?

варіанти відповідей

Tetracycline

Fluconazole

Furazolidone

Biseptol

Polymyxin

Запитання 43

343. An autopsy of the body of a 56-yearold man, who was suffering from secondary tuberculosis, has revealed large areas of sclerosis in the I-II segments of the right lung. Tissue surrounding affected areas is pale, soft, convex; crunches when cut; does not recede. Specify the changes occuring in the tissues surrounding sclerosis focus.

варіанти відповідей

Pneumothorax

Focal emphysema

Abscess

Bronchiectasis

Atelectasis

Запитання 44

344. After an infectious disease a 21year-old patient exhibits the inability to rotate his head in the direction opposite to the affected region. What nerve has been damaged?

варіанти відповідей

Thoracodorsal

Transverse cervical nerve

Accessory

Vagus

Infrascapular

Запитання 45

345. Following a cold, a patient developed numbness on the right side of his face. Examination revealed a disturbance of pain and temperature sensitivity on the right side of the face. What nerve is damaged?

варіанти відповідей

Hypoglossal

Trigeminal

Vagus

Glossopharyngeal

Facial

Запитання 46

346. Cationic glycoproteins are the major components of parotid saliva. What amino acids are responsible for their positive charge?

варіанти відповідей

Lysine, arginine, histidine

Glutamate, valine, leucine

Aspartate, glutamate, glycine

Cysteine, glycine, proline

Aspartate, arginine, glutamate

Запитання 47

347. During gastrulation the Hensen’s node remained underdeveloped in the embryo. Which axial organ will slow down its development?

варіанти відповідей

Neural tube

Chord

Mantle layer of the neural tube

Neural crests

Neural groove

Запитання 48

348. A patient has been prescribed the salt-free diet. What changes to the salt taste sensitivity threshold should be expected?

варіанти відповідей

No changes

Decrease

Increase

Little change

Increase followed by a decrease

Запитання 49

349. A 50-year-old woman with myocardial infarction has been delivered to the intensive care unit. Which enzyme’s activity will be most increased during the first two days?

варіанти відповідей

LDH4 5

Alanine aminotransferase

Aspartate aminotransferase

LDH4 5

Alanine aminopeptidase

Запитання 50

350. Throughout a year a 37-year-old woman periodically got infectious diseases of bacterial origin, their course was extremely lingering, remissions were short. Examination revealed low level of major classes of immunoglobulins. The direct cause of this phenomenon may be the following cell dysfunction:

варіанти відповідей

Plasmocytes

Macrophages

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Phagocytes

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