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SWIFT AND HIS SERVANT

Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was one day travelling on horseback with a servant. The weather was bad; it was raining and the roads were muddy. In the evening the two men came to an inn. Before going to bed, Swift told his servant to clean his boots as they were dirty. But the servant was very lazy and did not do what his master had said.

The next morning when Swift saw the dirty boots, he asked the servant why he had not executed the order. ”The roads are muddy. What is the use of cleaning the boots now? They will soon be dirty again,” the servant answered.

Swift didn’t say anything and soon told the servant to get ready because they would start at once. But the servant looked very displeased and said that he had not eaten his breakfast yet.

Swift answered that they would go without any breakfast.

”What is the use of eating now? You will be hungry again”, he said.

Complet the sentences:

1. Jonathan Swift was a(an) ______ English writer.

SWIFT AND HIS SERVANT

Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was one day travelling on horseback with a servant. The weather was bad; it was raining and the roads were muddy. In the evening the two men came to an inn. Before going to bed, Swift told his servant to clean his boots as they were dirty. But the servant was very lazy and did not do what his master had said.

The next morning when Swift saw the dirty boots, he asked the servant why he had not executed the order. ”The roads are muddy. What is the use of cleaning the boots now? They will soon be dirty again,” the servant answered.

Swift didn’t say anything and soon told the servant to get ready because they would start at once. But the servant looked very displeased and said that he had not eaten his breakfast yet.

Swift answered that they would go without any breakfast.

”What is the use of eating now? You will be hungry again”, he said.

2. The weather was ____.

SWIFT AND HIS SERVANT

Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was one day travelling on horseback with a servant. The weather was bad; it was raining and the roads were muddy. In the evening the two men came to an inn. Before going to bed, Swift told his servant to clean his boots as they were dirty. But the servant was very lazy and did not do what his master had said.

The next morning when Swift saw the dirty boots, he asked the servant why he had not executed the order. ”The roads are muddy. What is the use of cleaning the boots now? They will soon be dirty again,” the servant answered.

Swift didn’t say anything and soon told the servant to get ready because they would start at once. But the servant looked very displeased and said that he had not eaten his breakfast yet.

Swift answered that they would go without any breakfast.

”What is the use of eating now? You will be hungry again”, he said.

3. The servant seemed to dislike ...

SWIFT AND HIS SERVANT

Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was one day travelling on horseback with a servant. The weather was bad; it was raining and the roads were muddy. In the evening the two men came to an inn. Before going to bed, Swift told his servant to clean his boots as they were dirty. But the servant was very lazy and did not do what his master had said.

The next morning when Swift saw the dirty boots, he asked the servant why he had not executed the order. ”The roads are muddy. What is the use of cleaning the boots now? They will soon be dirty again,” the servant answered.

Swift didn’t say anything and soon told the servant to get ready because they would start at once. But the servant looked very displeased and said that he had not eaten his breakfast yet.

Swift answered that they would go without any breakfast.

”What is the use of eating now? You will be hungry again”, he said.

4. Swift’s servant was _____.

SWIFT AND HIS SERVANT

Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was one day travelling on horseback with a servant. The weather was bad; it was raining and the roads were muddy. In the evening the two men came to an inn. Before going to bed, Swift told his servant to clean his boots as they were dirty. But the servant was very lazy and did not do what his master had said.

The next morning when Swift saw the dirty boots, he asked the servant why he had not executed the order. ”The roads are muddy. What is the use of cleaning the boots now? They will soon be dirty again,” the servant answered.

Swift didn’t say anything and soon told the servant to get ready because they would start at once. But the servant looked very displeased and said that he had not eaten his breakfast yet.

Swift answered that they would go without any breakfast.

”What is the use of eating now? You will be hungry again”, he said.

5. The next morning the boots were _____.

Read the text and then do the tasks.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

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6. Levi Strauss came to America from Germany

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

7. Levi Strauss came to America in 1850.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

8. He arrived in New York.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

9. He arrived in San Francisco.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

10. He had a lot of material to make tents of.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

11. He had a lot of friends who wanted to find the gold.

Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss came to America from Germany. In 1850 he arrived in San Francisco. San Francisco is a large city in the United States of America. It is situated in California. There were many people in California in those days because they wanted to find gold and become rich. They worked a lot looking for gold and spent much time in the water of the rivers. They needed strong trousers.

Levi Strauss had a lot of strong material. He hoped people could build tents with it. So he decided to make special trousers of this material. They were strong and people liked them. In one day Strauss sold all the trousers he had. But they had no colour and became dirty very easily. So Strauss decided to colour them blue. Now people all over the world wear blue jeans. They think they are good for work and travel, they are practical.

12. People looking for gold wanted to have light, beautiful jeans.

Read the text and choose the best variant (a, b, с or d) to answer the questions.

Charles Chaplin made his name before the First World War long before radio and television. His autobiography recalls a childhood passed in wretched London streets. When Chaplin arrived in America in 1913 to one of Fred Karno's music hall companies, he was known as a talented ambitious young comedian. These qualities landed him a job with the Keystone Film Company. In his first film he appeared as an aggressive man in a broken silk hat. Yet for his second film, in which he played a fool, he wore the costume, he was to retain almost without changes for the next 22 years.

In time Chaplin became his own writer,, director and producer. It gave him a possibility to broaden and deepen the characters, which began to wake not only laughter but tears, his inventions proved phenomenal. In two years between 1916 and 1918 he made 14 films — each one a masterpiece.

With "Modern Times" Chaplin's work took a new turn. It was often his fondest admirers, who were the least forgiving of what they saw as a change in Chaplin. They accused him of overstepping his limits, of forgetting he was a clown.

13. When did Ch. Chaplin make himself a name?

14. Where did he spend his childhood?

15. What was he in 1913?

16. What was his first job in the USA?     

17. What kind of a man did Charlie Chaplin play in his first film?

18. Whom did he play in his second film?

19. What hadn't Ch. Chaplin changed for the 22 years?  

20.  How many films were made in two years between 1916 and 1918?

21.  What happened after Ch. Chaplin's film "Modern Times"?

22. Who was the least forgiving because of his change?

23. Choose an appropriate title for the first paragraph.

The penguin is the only bird that cannot fly but is born to live in the sea. They also walk upright. Most penguins spend half of their lives in the ocean and the other half on the coast. They move very fast under the water and can even dive deep from the surface. All penguins are very skillful at catching fish. When not hungry, they often enjoy playing in the water.

24. Choose an appropriate title for the second paragraph.

Nobody knows for sure why they were called penguins. Some historians say that the word first appeared in the 16th century. According to some researchers, penguin derives from a Latin word that means fat. Others believe that it has Welsh roots and means white head. Finally, the best known explanation is that the word penguin comes from an old bird.

25. Choose an appropriate title for the third paragraph.

Penguins originate from the Southern hemisphere. They inhabit icy Antarctica. Most scientists believe there are 17 types of living penguins. They differ in colour, size and voice, when standing. The smallest is the fairy penguin, 41 cm tall. The most angry-looking is the stone penguin; it cries out loudly and behaves aggressively. 

26. Choose an approppriate title for the fourth paragraph.

Penguins live in big colonies. Scientists usually count the pairs of birds and chicks to know their total number. Penguins generally do not migrate great distances. When young birds grow up and become stronger they leave their colonies and may travel thousands of kilometers but they always return to their native land and their chicks hatch out (вилуплюватися з яйця) in a very harsh climate. 

27. Choose an appropriate title to the fith paragraph.

Penguins are the most sociable of all birds. They speak with each other individually. It helps partners recognize each other and the chicks in a large colony. Researchers say that male and female calls are different. Besides, penguins use special signals for making contact at sea, for displaying themselves and for defending their territory – they won’t let a stranger approach closer than three metres.