Ukrainian art, pop-art,graffiti

Who is considered to be the father of the modern Ukrainian 

painting?

What are the tendencies of the present-day Ukrainian art?

When was Ukraine called the East European Italy?

What period is connected with the development of abstraction 

 and symbolism?

What is a 'pop-up art gallery'?

Pop-up gallery usually open for a few weeks or a month. 

You have to pay a small fee to get in a pop-up gallery.

They usually show work by younger or newer artists in a pop-up gallery.

The first drawings on walls appeared in caves thousands of years ago.

Give the title to the text. The debate over whether graffiti is art or vandalism is still going on. Peter Vallone, a New York city councillor, thinks that graffiti done with permission can be art, but if it is on someone else’s property it becomes a crime. ‘I have a message for the graffiti vandals out there,’ he said recently. ‘Your freedom of expression ends where my property begins.’ On the other hand, Felix, a 

member of the Berlin-based group Reclaim Your City, says that artists are 

reclaiming cities for the public from advertisers, and that graffiti represents freedom and makes cities more vibrant.

Give the title to the text.

For decades graffiti has been a springboard to international fame for a few. Jean-Michel Basquiat began spraying on the street in the 1970s before becoming a respected artist in the ’80s. The Frenchman Blek le Rat and the British artist Banksy have achieved international fame by producing complex works with stencils, often making political or humorous points. Works by Banksy have been sold for over £100,000. Graffiti is now sometimes big 

business.

Give the title to the text.

In the early days, the ‘taggers’ were part of street gangs who were concerned 

with marking their territory. They worked in groups called ‘crews’, and called what they did ‘writing’ – the term ‘graffiti’ was first used by The New York Times and the novelist Norman Mailer. Art galleries in New York began buying graffiti in the early seventies. But at the same time that it began to be regarded as an art form, John Lindsay, the then mayor of New York, declared the first war on graffiti. By the 1980s it became much harder to write on subway trains without being caught, and instead many of the more 

established graffiti artists began using roofs of buildings or canvases.

Give the title to the text.

The first drawings on walls appeared in caves thousands of years ago. Later the Ancient Romans and Greeks wrote their names and protest poems on 

buildings. Modern graffiti seems to have appeared in Philadelphia in the early 1960s, and by the late sixties it had reached New York. The new art form really took off in the 1970s, when people began writing their names, or ‘tags’, on buildings all over the city. In the mid seventies it was sometimes hard to see out of a subway car window, because the trains were completely covered in 

spray paintings known as ‘masterpieces’.