Семестрова контрольна робота 11 клас

                                  Task 1. Think properly! If you are amazing…

When it comes to telling the world how wonderful you are, there’s a fine line between having

other people think, “Wow! She’s got so much more about her than I thought” and “Blimey! Iwish she’d shut up about herself”. It’s easy enough to let everyone around you know you’re something special – the trick is doing it without trying too hard or looking like an attention seeker. So here’s how to get the attention you deserve without screaming, “Look at me!

________1 Being loud isn’t a good way to get noticed. Quietness and a smile can be more interesting than someone who blurts everything out constantly. Be cool instead, and show people what you’re really about, rather than shouting it in their faces.

  _______2.It may be tempting to try to bluff your way through a conversation. But if you don’t know much about the subject being discussed, you’ll get more kudos if you shut up and listen. You can’t lose – get your facts right and people will respect your wisdom, or stay quiet if you’re unsure and people will appreciate your honesty.

________3. Toning down your gossip factor will show there’s much more to you than people may think. Your mates will trust you and your reputation will sky-rocket. Gossiping gives negative vibes to other people.

 ________4. Choose things to do that you love doing and not because everyone else is doing them. If you are passionate about something, and enjoying it, you’ll have more energy and people will be attracted to you – and you might even be the person who starts a new trend.

. ________5. We may not be superhuman beings, but remember, each and every one of us has something going on that’s worth shouting about. It’s a fact – everyone is an individual and that’s what makes you who you are. Be proud of why you’re different. If you love who you are, people are more likely to love you too.

A We are talented!

B Accept yourself for what you are.

C Don’t pretend you know everything.

D Idle talk is a bad habit.

E Try to act in good faith.

F Don’t talk behind people’s back.

 G Keep your voice down.

 H Be original.

                                           Task 2 How to Improve Your Memory

 A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. However, it does mean taking responsibility and making an effort. Here are the experts’ top tips.

6. We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore us. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle with dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember, and focus on it consciously. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions – the more the better.

       7. Repeating things is the best way to remember things for a short time, e.g.

remembering a phone number for a few seconds. ‘Chunking’ or grouping numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919318483. But look at them inchunks’, and it becomes much easier: 1492 1789 1931 8483.

8. Another way to make something more memorable is to think about something visual associated with it. Design a mental picture and the stranger the picture the better you will remember it! If an English person studying Spanish wanted to remember the Spanish word for duck, ‘pato’, he\she could associate it with the English verb ‘to pat’ and imagine a picture of someone patting a duck on the head.

9. To remember long lists, try inventing a story which includes all the items you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this technique and when they were tested afterwards, on average they could remember ninety percent of them.

10. If we organize what we know in a logical way then when we learn more about that subject we understand that better, and so add to our knowledge more easily. Make wellorganised notes. Be sure things are clear in your mind. If not, ask questions until you understand!

 11. Many experts believe that listening to classical music, especially Mozart, helps people to organize their ideas more clearly and so improves their memory. Sadly, rock music does not have the same effect.

 12. If you do not want to lose your memory as you get older you need to keep your brain fit, just like your body: ‘use it or lose it’ is the experts’ advice. Logic puzzles, crosswords and mental arithmetic are all good ‘mental aerobics’.

 13. Physical exercise is also important for your memory, because it increases your heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better.

Exercise also reduces stress, which is very bad for the memory.

14. The old saying that ‘eating fish makes you brainy’ may be true after all. Scientists have discovered that the fats found in fish like tuna, sardines and salmon – as well as in olive oil – help to improve the memory. Vitamins C and E (found in fruits like oranges, strawberries and red grapes) and vitamin B (found in lean meat and green vegetables) are all good ‘brain food’, too.

15. Caffeine may not be too good for you, but like exercise, it increases your  heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain. A cup of coffee really does help you concentrate when you sit down and study. And if you don't like coffee, don’t worry – experts believe that chewing gum has the same effect!

6. According to the first paragraph a good memory is ________.

A a “gift” of nature at birth

 B something inherently invariable

 C a result of your self-perfection

 D something that changes from time to time

7.What does the author mean by saying that “you need to keep your brain fit” (line 31)?

A You need to attend a gym.

B You need to go on a special diet.

C You need to undergo special medical treatment.

 D You need to exercise your mind regularly.

8.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

 A To be in good shape means to have a good memory.

 B For improving your memory you need to make some efforts.

C You have to follow the experts’ ten tips to improve your memory

 D Listening to any kind of music helps you to improve your memory.

9.According to the text, which of the following is true of ways to improve your memory?

A There are only ten ways to improve your memory.

 B You need to use special associations to improve your memory.

C You can follow your own program to improve your memory.

D “Mental aerobics” is the best way to improve your memory.

10. When discussing the ways of improving the memory, the author mentions all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A Eating high-calorie food makes your memory better.

B An excellent memory is not a God-given talent, it’s hard work.

C You can choose the most suitable way to improve your memory.

 D Brainwork and physical exercise are both important for improving the memory.

11. According to the text, which of the following statements is true?

A To help your memory eating tuna is better than eating tomatoes.

 B Chewing gum is not advisable if you want to improve your memory.

C Fatty meat is a good ‘brain food’ as it sends oxygen to your brain.

D Reducing stress is very bad for the memory.

                                Task 2.  Homing Pigeons

Homing pigeons (12) ________ for their uncanny internal compass, yet a new study reveals that sometimes the birds get home the same way we do: They follow the roads. Tim Guilford and Dora Biro at (13) ________ Oxford University followed pigeons in Oxford over a three-year period, using tiny tracking devices equipped with global positioning system technology  (14) ________ by Swiss and Italian colleagues. What they discovered was surprising. Within ten kilometers of home, the pigeons relied less on their well-known talents for decoding the sun’s position or deciphering the Earth’s magnetic field (15) ________ them navigate. Instead they opted for a habitual route that followed linear features in the landscape, such as roads, rivers, railways, and hedge lines – even when it wasn't the most direct way home. “It was almost comical,” says Guilford. “One pigeon followed a road to a roundabout, then exited onto a major road that led to a second roundabout. Others flew down the River Thames, only to make a (16) ________ turn at a bridge.” Guilford suggests that sticking to a (17) ________, linear route may actually make homing more reliable – and easier. “It made me smile to see it,” says Guilford. “You can imagine yourself flying along a road doing the same thing.”

12 A were known B known C are known D knowing

13. A England’s B the England’s C the England

14. A developing B is developed C developed D was developed

15.  A helping B to help C helps D helped

16. A distinct B distinction C distinctly D distinctive

17.  A memories B memorably C memorial D memorized

                               Task 4. Designing Lighthouses

The 19th-century Scottish engineer Robert Stevenson, who was active  in designing early lighthouses, (18) ________ for an alternative colour to white – most lighthouses had a white beacon – when he built a lighthouse near to one that already existed because he was afraid ships (19) ________ be able to tell which was which.

Of the light sources and (20) ________ glasses available at the time, he found that red was a particularly intense light, meaning it (21) ________ from the greatest distance. So in maritime signalling red became an alternative to white, and was later adopted by the Admiralty in 1852 (22) ________ the port-side on steam vessels. Green was adopted for the starboard-side, and vessels seeing the green light on other ships had the right of way. When train tracks were developed, engineers adopted this system as (23) _______stop and go – and the same system continued with cars.

18. A has looked B looked C looks D looking

19.A haven’t B won’t C hadn’t D wouldn’t

20. A colourful B colours C colourfully D coloured

21. A could see B being seen C could be seen D can see

22. A to mark B marked C mark D was marked

23. A means B meaning C meant D to mean

Ключи  1 G  2 C  3 F  4 H  5 B  6 C  7 D  8 B  9 C  10 A 11 A

              12 C  13 A  14 C  15 B  16 A  17 D  18 B  19 D  20 D  21 C  22 A   23 B