Англійська ПМК2 500-517

In the histological specimen of a tooth germ the outer surface of the enamel organ is uneven, the cells of the inner layer show the reversal of polarity (inversion). These changes precede the beginning of the following process:

A 54-year-old patient with viral hepatitis has complication of hepatic coma caused by massive necrosis of liver epithelial cells. What kind of hepatic coma is it characteristic of?

A 69-year-old patient got a small plaque with subsequent ulceration on the skin of the lower eyelid. The formation was removed. Microscopic examination of dermis revealed complexes of atypical epitelial cells arranged perpendicularly to the basal membrane on the periphery. The cells were dark, of polygonal prismatic shape with hyperchromic nuclei with frequent mitoses. What is the histological form of carcinoma in this patient?

A patient is 59 years old and works as director of a private enterprise. After the inspection by tax authorities he developed intense burning retrosternal pain radiating to the left arm. After 15 minutes the patient returned to normal. What is the leading mechanism for the development of stenocardia in this patient?

 A patient with chronic heart failure had been taking digitoxin for several months, during digitalization the following symptoms developed: headache, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, impaired color vision, bradycardia. What antidote should be administered to reduce the intoxication symptoms?

A 39-year-old patient with pyelonephritis has been found to have hyposthenuria combined with polyuria. According to this data, what process is most likely to be disrupted?

In the framework of complex treatment of gingivitis a patient has been administered a drug that stimulates leucopoiesis, accelerates wound healing, enhances the growth and proliferation of cells, has the anti-inflammatory effect. It is applied for treatment of leukopenias of different genesis, in the dental practice it is used for treatment of inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa. Identify the drug:

A 77-year-old patient with atherosclerosis got pain in his right foot. The foot is enlarged, the skin is black and macerated, the demarcation zone is not defined clearly. What pathological process arose in the foot?

A 50-year-old patient has been examined by a dentist and found to have crimson smooth tongue. Blood analysis revealed a decrease in RBC level and hemoglobin concentration, colour index of 1,3, symptoms of megaloblastic hematopoiesis, degenerative changes in WBCs. What blood disorder was found in this patient?

Functioning of certain structures of the isolated heart was stopped by means of cooling. What structure was cooled providing that the heart first stopped contractions and then resumed them with a frequency twice lower than the initial one?

In patients with glycogenolysis, that is von Gierke’s disease, the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate into glucose is inhibited, which is accompanied by the improper breakdown of glycogen in the liver. The cause of this condition is the following enzyme deficiency:

A patient had been provisionally diagnosed with syphilis. A laboratory assistant took the blood serum for an immunologic test based on the detection of antibodies preventing the movement of treponemes and causing their death. What reaction was used for the diagnosis? 

 A 9-month-old infant is on bottlefeeding. Formula used in feeding has insufficient content of vitamin B 6 . The infant has seizures possibly caused by disruption in production of the following substance in the body:

A patient has been hospitalized with skull trauma. His examination established absence of volitional movements of his head and neck muscles. What part of brain can cause this effect if damaged?

A 43-year-old female complains of weight loss, hyperhidrosis, low-grade fever, increased irritability. She has been found to have hyperfunction of the sympatheticadrenal system and basal metabolism. These disorders can be caused by hypersecretion of the following hormone:

A 34-year-old injured is unable to nod his head (impaired flexion and extension of head). This is caused by the dysfunction of the following joint:

Alterations in protein digestion in the small intestine are induced by the impairment of trypsin and chymotrypsin activity. What enzyme deficiency may be the cause of this impairment?

 It is known that the gene responsible for the development of the MN blood groups has two allelic states. If the gene M is considered as the initial gene, the allelic gene N appeared due to: