Day 5 Int Med (4 course) Gastroesophageal disease and chronic gastritis. Gastric or duodenal ulcer. Diseases of the esophagus. GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease ).

True

False

True

False

Mint, tomatoes, mustard

All of the above

Caffeine, alcoholic drinks, pepper

Oranges, grapefruit, vinegar

Lifestyle changes

There is no cure for GERD

Weight loss

Dietary changes

True

False

True

False

A pregnant woman

Any of the above

A cigarette/cigar smoker

An obese person

Colon cancer

Esophageal cancer

Mouth cancer

Stomach cancer

Respiratory symptoms are common

Barium swallow is the best test

Columnar lined epithelium is rare

Thickening infant feed and avoiding overfeeding are important

Metoclopramide is useful treatment

Co-phenotrope

Co-trimoxazole

Co-proxamol

Co-codamol

Co-amilofruse

Bromocriptine

Co-beneldopa

Benzhexol

Selegeline

Amantadine

I

III

V

VII

IX

Use of NSAIDs doubles the risk for an upper GI bleed

Urea will increase relative to creatinine in acute bleed

Presence of fresh blood on aspiration of NG tube increases mortality as opposed to a clear aspirate.

Active bleeding seen at endoscopy has a 10% risk of rebleeding after treatment.

Most deaths occur from decompensation of other organ systems rather than exsanguination. 

Iatrogenic causes

Trauma

Boerhaave’s syndrome

Foreign body

Tumour 

Usually occurs following a course of antibiotic treatment.

Approx 25% will resolve with supportive treatment only.

Vancomycin is the treatment of choice

The ELISA C. difficile toxin test is 60-90% sensitive

It may rarely result in toxic megacolon and perforation.