фарма англ 1

A 36 y.o. man has a craniocerebral trauma. Objectively: diminished breath sounds, thready pulse, no reflexes. What way of pyracetam introduction will be the most apropriate in this case?

A pneumonia patient has been administered acetylcysteine as a part of complex therapy. What principle of therapy was taken into consideration when applying this drug?

A patient who has been suffering from cardiac insufficiency for several months has been taking digoxin on an outpatient basis. At a certain stage of treatment there appeared symptoms of drug overdose. What phenomenon underlies the development of this complication? 

It is known that individuals with genetically caused deficiency of glucose6-phosphate dehydrogenase may develop RBC hemolysis in response to the administration of some antimalarial drugs. Manifestation of adverse reactions to drugs is called:

A man who has been taking a drug for a long time cannot with hold it because this causes impairment of psychic, somatic and vegetative functions. Name the syndrome of different disturbances caused by drug discontinuation:

A patient suffering from initial hypertension has been taking an antihypertensive preparation for a long time. Suddenly he stopped taking this preparation. After this his condition grew worse, this led to development of hypertensive crisis. This by-effect can be classified as:

A woman who was infected with toxoplasmosis during the pregnancy has a child with multiple congenital defects. This is a result of:

An 8-week-pregnant woman with acute respiratory disease and temperature rise up to 39,0 oC has called in a doctor. The doctor insisted on her avoiding taking paracetamol, because in this period of pregnancy there is a risk of its:

An alcoholic woman has born a girl with mental and physical developmental lag. Doctors diagnosed the girl with fetal alcohol syndrome. What effect is the cause of the girl’s state?

Continuous taking of some drugs foregoing the pregnancy increase the risk of giving birth to a child with genetic defects. What is this effect called? 

A patient suffering from stomach ulcer has been treated with an antacid drug almagel. For acute bronchitis treatment was prescribed the antibiotic methacycline. However, within next 5 days the fever didn’t fall, cough and sputum nature remained unchanged. A physician came to the conclusion that the drugs were incompatible. What type of drug incompatibility is the case? 

Proserin increases skeletal muscle tone when given systematically. Halothane induces relaxation of skeletal muscles and reduces proserin effects. What is the nature of proserin and halothane interaction?

A 37-year-old patient suffering from obliterating vascular endarteritis of lower limbs takes daily 60 microgram/kilogram of phenylin. Because of presentations of convulsive disorder (craniocerebral trauma in anamnesis) he was prescribed phenobarbital. With holding this drug caused nasal hemorhage. What is this complication connected with?

A 3-year-old child with fever was given aspirin. It resulted in intensified erythrocyte haemolysis. Hemolytic anemia might have been caused by congenital insufficiency of the following enzyme:

A 50-year-old man comes to the physician because of a persistent cough for the past 2 months. He has had a 5-kg weight loss during this period. He is a poultry farmer. Current medications include atenolol, enalapril, hydrochlorothiazide, and omeprazole for hypertension and gastroesophageal reflux. Physical examination shows no other abnormalities. Laboratory studies show histoplasmosis infection. Itraconazole therapy is initiated and omeprazole is discontinued. Which of the following best describes the reason for removing omeprazole from this patient's medication regimen?

A patient has a genetic polymorphism such that they cannot rapidly metabolize drugs by acetylation. You would be most concerned about this polymorphism if the patient was taking which drug?

Which one of the following CNS receptors is directly coupled to an ion channel so that the effects of its activation do not involve second messenger systems?

In the management of a cardiac arrhythmia, lidocaine is to be administered by way of an IV loading dose. What variable must be known to calculate an appropriate loading dose?

The widely used anticoagulant warfarin is often implicated in drug interactions. If a patient takes warfarin but later begins selfmedicating for ulcer pain, what drug useful for ulcers would increase the risk for bleeding?

A patient was given a 200 mg dose of a drug IV, and 100 mg was eliminated during the first two hours. If the drug follows firstorder elimination kinetics, how much of the drug will remain 6 hours after its administration?

Drugs that are administered IV are

Drugs that are highly bound to albumin:

Most drugs gain entry to cells by: 

A subject in whom the renal clearance of inulin is 120 mL/min is given a drug, the clearance of which is found to be 18 mL/min. If the drug is 40% plasma protein bound, how much filtered drug must be reabsorbed in the renal tubules? 

If a drug is known to be distributed into total body water, what dose (mg) is needed to obtain an initial plasma level of 5 mg/L in a patient weighing 70 kg?

Which of the following is a phase II drug metabolism reaction associated with a genetic polymorphism?

A woman is taking oral contraceptives (OCs). Which of the following drugs is unlikely to reduce the effectiveness of the OCs?

A 500-mg dose of a drug has therapeutic efficacy for 6 h. If the half-life of the drug is 8 h, for how long would a 1-g dose be effective?

Which statement is accurate for the drug shown in the example below? 100 mg 2hr → 50 mg 2hr → 25 mg 2hr → 12.5 mg

Normally, acetaminophen has a Vd = 70L and C1 = 350 mL/min. If acetaminophen was administered to a patient with 50% renal function, what parameter would differ from normal?