Gerunds or Infinitive 9 form. Presentation. Canva.
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Gerunds or Infinitives?
A Grammar Presentation
Introduction
В цій презентації можна дізнатися про те, в яких випадках ми використовуємо герундій (Ving), інфінитив
(to V) або “голий” інфінитив (V). Попередньо, учні ознайомлені з правилами вживання герундія (Ving).
Презентація передбачена для учнів 9-го класу.
Gerunds
(verb + -ing =Ving)
After prepositions and phrasal verbs
“I’m very good at drawing” (preposition)
“Olivia’s given up studying
English” (phrasal verb)
as the subject of a sentence
“Riding my bike is one of my favorite activities.”
“Taking the bus to school is more convenient than driving in rush hour traffic.”
after some verbs (після них ТІЛЬКИ герундій)
Common verbs which take the gerund include: admit, avoid, deny, dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, keep, mind, miss, practise, recommend, spend time, stop, suggest.
“I don’t mind getting up early”
“I hate not being on time for things”
The infinitive with to
(to V)
to express a reason or purpose (виразити намір):
“Claudia does exercise to have more energy”
“She is studying hard to pass all
her tests”
After adjectives (прикметників):
“This recipe is very easy to make”
“Be careful not to burn yourself when cooking”
after some verbs (після цих ТІЛЬКИ інфІнитив):
Common verbs which take the infinitive include: (can’t) afford (дозволити собі), agree (погоджуватись), decide (вирішувати), expect (очікувати), forget (забувати), help, hope, learn, need, pretend (прикидатись), promise, refuse (відмовлятись), remember, seem, try, want, would like. More verbs take the infinitive than the gerund.
“I can’t afford to buy a new phone now”
verb +person+infinitive with to
“I want you to do this now.”
“The teacher told him not to run.”
“Can you ask Olivia to come?”
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The infinitive without to (V) = голий інфінитив
After modals and auxiliary verbs
“We must eat really fast to be on time for the test” after make and let (в значенні “змушувати, заставляти” в активному стані):
“My parents didn’tlet me go out last night”
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common verbs that can take the infinitive or gerund with no difference in meaning (Дієслова з наступним інфінітивом або герундием без зміни сенсу): |
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Like, love, hate, prefer, propose |
start, begin, continue
It started to rain/ raining. I began to take/ taking classes in 2015. We continued talking/ to talk.
Tom likes reading/ to read every day.
Thanks!
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