Граматичний посібник для учнів 5 - 9 класів

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Граматичний посібник з англійської мови для учнів 5 - 9 класів містить граматичний матеріал у таблицях. Це дає змогу учням легко і швидко запам*ятати поданий матеріал.

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Present Simple (Indefinite)

We use the Present Simple for daily routines and activities
The adverbs of frequency: often, usually, sometimes, always, seldom, never, rarely, every day

+ (positive)

		Example
I, you, we, they	take	We often take bus to go to school
She, he	take	She sometimes takes part in this concert

(negative)

		Example
I, you, we, they	don't (do not)	We don't red this book every day
She, he	doesn't (does not)	She doesn't read article every week

? (interrogative)

		Example
Do	I, you, we, they	Do you like painting? Yes, I do No, I don't
Does	She, he	Does he like football? Yes, he does No, he doesn't

Verbs ending in –ch, -s, sh, -x, and –o add –es watch – watches Verbs ending in –y, remove –y and add –ies carry - carries

Past Simple (Indefinite)

We use the Past Simple to talk about actions in the past, the actions and situations are finished
The time expressions: Yesterday, last week, last month, last year, in1998, two years ago Regular verbs in the Past Simple end in -ed and we have to memorize the forms of the irregular verbs.

Regular verbs				Irregular verbs				Example
+	I You He She It We They	worked		+	I You He She It We They	wrote		They worked hard yesterday. She wrote this letter last week
—–	I You He She It We They	didn’t work		—	I You He She It We They	didn’t write		He didn’t work in 2008. We didn’t write that article
?	Did	I You He She It We They	work?	?	Did	I You He She It We They	write?	Did you work last year? Yes, I did No, I didn’t

To be	Example
I He She was It	- He was at this concert last week. We were absent yesterday
We You were They
I He wasn’t She (was not) It	I wasn’t at school last month. ‘We weren’t in Lviv in 2008
We You weren't They (were not)	I wasn’t at school last month. ‘We weren’t in Lviv in 2008
Was he, she, it, I	Was I happy here? Yes, I was No, I wasn’t. Were they happy here? Yes, they were No, I weren’t
Were we, you, they

Future Simple (Indefinite)

We use the Present Simple to express a single, a permanent or recurrent action in the future (when we decide to do something in the time of speaking)
The time expressions: tomorrow, next week, in two days, one of these days

		Example
+	I, we shall spend	I shall spend my summer holidays in Yalta
+	You, he she, it will spend they	You will spend your weekend at home
—	I, we shan't spend (shall not)	I shall not spend my summer holidays in Yalta
—	You, he she, it won't spend they (will not)	You will not spend your weekend at home
?	Shall I, we	Shall we spend our summer here? Yes, we shall No, we shall not
?	Will you, he, she, it, they	Will he read this book? Yes, he will No, he will not

Present Continuous
We use the Present Continuous for something that is happening at the time of speaking
The time expressions: now, at that moment

We use the Present Continuous to express fixed plans and arrangements in the future

Example: We are meeting Sonia at the station at six tomorrow. What are you doing tomorrow morning?

Use be going to express personal or impersonal intention (a strong wish to do something in the future, when we have already decided to do something)
Example:
They are going to close the factory next year.
I am going to visit Poland next summer.

		Example
+	I am playing	I am playing the piano now He is playing football at the moment We are playing with our friends now
	He, she, it is playing
	You we are playing they
—	I am not playing He, she, it isn't playing we, you, they aren't playing	She isn't playing the violin now
?	Am I playing? Is he, she, it playing? Are we, they playing?	Is he playing basketball? Yes, he is No, he is not Are they playing this game? Yes, they are No, they are not

Past Continuous

We use the Past Continuous to express an action which was an action which was going on at a definite time in the past. The time expressions: at 5 o’clock yesterday, when he came, from 5 till 6 o’clock yester

	Example
I He She was writing It	I was writing when he came. You were writing when he came
We You were writing They	I was writing when he came. You were writing when he came
I He wasn’t writing She (was not) It	He wasn’t writing at 5 o’clock yesterday We weren't writing at 5 o’clock yesterday
We You weren't writing They (were not)
Was he, she, it, I writing?	Was she writing at that time yesterday? Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t. Were you playing football at 2 o’clock yesterday? Yes, we were. No, we weren’t
Were we, you, they writing?

Present Perfect

We use the Present Perfect to express a completed connected with the present (the action has a result now)
The time expressions: already, just, not yet, ever, never.

We form the Present Perfect with has / have + participle (The past participle of most the same as the regular Past Simple there are a lot of irregular past participle, we have to memorize these forms)

	Regular verb		Irregular verb
+	I you have called we they	+	I you have been we they
+	He she has called it	+	He she has been it
—	I you haven't called we (have not) they	—	I you haven't been we (have not been) they
—	He she hasn't called it (has not)	—	He she hasn't been it (has not been)
?	I Have you called? we they	?	I Have we been? they
?	he Has she called? it	?	he Has she been? it

Past Perfect
We use the Past Perfect to denote an action completed before a certain moment in the Past

The time expressions: by that time, by 5 o’clock, before he came

We form the Past Perfect with had+ the past participle.

			Example
+	I you he she it we they	cleaned (had cleaned)	I had cleaned my room before you came
—	I you he she it we they	hadn't cleaned (had not cleaned)	I wasn't hungry, I'd just had lunch
?	I you Had he cleaned? she we they		Had you cleaned? Yes, I had No, I hadn't

Present Perfect Continuous

We use the Present Perfect Continuous for an activity that has recently stopped or just stopped, there is a connection with now.
We form the Present Perfect Continuous with has / have been+ Present Participle
The time expressions: for some time, since a certain moment, since smb did smth

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to ask or to say how long (for an activity that is still happening)
We use for when we say a period of time (two ours, six weeks).
We use since when we say the start of a period (8 o’clock, Monday, 1998).

			Example
+	I you we they	have been waiting ('ve been waiting)	I have been waiting since2 o'clock.
+	He she it	has been waiting ('s been waiting)	She has been waiting for two hours.

—	I you we they	have not been waiting (haven't been waiting)	You haven't been waiting
	He she it	has not been waiting (hasn't been waiting)	She hasn't been waiting
?	I Have you been waiting? We they		How long have you been waiting here?
	he Has she been waiting? it		Has she been waiting since 3 o'clock?

Past Perfect Continuous

We use the Past Perfect Continuous to express an action which began before a definite time in the past, continued up to it and was not going on at that past moment
We form the Past Perfect Continuous with had been +Present Participle
The time expressions: by that time, by five o’clock, when he came, by the time he came.

		Example
+	I you he she had been working it we they	By the time he came we had been working for two hours. When we came to see Kate she had been ill for three days.
_	I you he she had not been working it (hadn't been working) we they
?	I you she Had he been working? it we they

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Додав(-ла)

Ходзінська Тетяна Вікторівна

Пов’язані теми

Англійська мова, 9 клас, Матеріали до уроків

Додано

6 серпня 2018

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