Computer Sciences

A program which processes data in batches

The computer’s main circuit board. It holds the CPU, RAM modules, and most of the circuitry. All adapter cards plug into it. It defines how much RAM, adapter cards, and the type of CPU the computer is going to have.

This operating system was developed by Microsoft in 1981 for all IBM PC compatibles. Today it's only used in old PCs.

These printers appeared at the late 1970s, were very expensive ultra-high-speed device intended to complete with the fastest line printers. They have now displaced character printers in most office situation.

It sends the visual output that a program produces to the monitor, which displays it on the screen. For gamers and others who use very high end graphics or special video work regularly, it is the most expensive part of the computer. These cards also run very hot and most have a fan on the side.

Vacuum tubes ______by transistors in the first generation computers

RAM is measured in ______________ and _______________. The more RAM you have, the more things your computer can do at the same time. If you don't have enough RAM, you may notice that your computer is sluggish when you have several programs open. Because of this, many people add extra RAM to their computers to improve performance.

How is a laptop different from a desktop?

Because laptops are designed for portability, there are some important differences between them and desktop computers. A laptop has an all-in-one design, with a built-in monitor, keyboard, touchpad (which replaces the mouse), and speakers. This means it is fully functional, even when no peripherals are connected. A laptop is also quicker to set up, and there are fewer cables to get in the way.

You'll also have to the option to connect a regular mouse, larger monitor, and other peripherals. This basically turns your laptop into a desktop computer, with one main difference: You can easily disconnect the peripherals and take the laptop with you wherever you go.

Choose five main differences you can expect with a laptop.

It is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language. Without it, a computer is useless.

You may have heard people talking about using a program, an application, or an app. But what exactly does that mean? Simply put, an app is a type of software that allows you to perform specific tasks. Applications for desktop or laptop computers are sometimes called desktop applications, while those for mobile devices are called mobile apps.

When you open an application, it runs inside the ...

Many computer cables will only fit a specific way. If the cable doesn't fit, _________________________________________________________. Make sure the plug aligns with the port, then connect it.

The sound card—also called an audio card—is responsible for what you hear in the speakers or headphones. Most motherboards have integrated sound, but you can upgrade to a dedicated sound card for __________________________.

The hard drive is where your software, documents, and other files are stored. The hard drive is long-term storage, which means the data is still saved even if you turn the computer off or unplug it.

When you run a program or open a file, the computer copies some of the data from the hard drive onto the RAM. When you save a file, the data is copied back to the hard drive. The faster the hard drive, the faster your computer can _________________________.

The motherboard is the computer's main circuit board. It's a thin plate that holds ____________ ___________ ___________ __________ ___________. The motherboard connects directly or indirectly to every part of the computer.

A web camera—or webcam—is a type of input device that

A printer is used to print documents, photos, and anything else that appears on your screen. There are many types of printers, including inkjet, laser, and photo printers. There are even all-in-one printers, which can also ...

Serial Port

This port is less common on today's computers. It was frequently used to connect peripherals like digital cameras, but it has been replaced by USB and other types of ports.

A touchpad—also called a trackpad—is a touch-sensitive pad that lets you control the pointer by making a drawing motion with your finger. Touchpads are common on

The mouse is another important tool for communicating with computers. Commonly known as a pointing device, it lets you point to objects on the screen, click on them, and move them.

There are two main mouse types:

The computer case is the metal and plastic box that contains the main components of the computer, including the motherboard, central processing unit (CPU), and power supply. The front of the case usually has an ... and one or more optical drives.

A computer that serves up information to other computers on a network. For example, whenever you use the Internet, you're looking at something that's stored on a server. Many businesses also use local file ... to store and share files internally.

Any part of your computer that has a physical structure, such as the keyboard or mouse. It also includes all of the computer's internal parts

---------------is a set of instructions and its documentations that tells a computer what to do or how to perform a task.

--------------- is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily, like RAM (random access memory), or permanently, like ROM (read-only memory). Memory devices utilize -------------- circuits and are used by operating systems, software, and hardware.

It holds “short term” information for the processor to use. This may be a program or a set of data. The processor is able to retrieve information from it at very high speeds. When the processor needs information that is not in it, it has to read the information from the hard drive, which is much slower.

It is the brain of the computer and the most important chip in the computer. When a program is run, it performs the calculations and carries out the commands.

In this generation Time sharing, Real time, Networks, Distributed Operating System was used.

__________holds the program instructions and the data being processed. It plays a vital role in the operation of the central processor.

 -----------Explorer is a Web browser that allows to more easily navigate the Internet. 

 ___________Explorer is a tool that lets you more easily navigate the files and folders on your computer. 

____+allow(s) us to organize our files so we can more easily find them

HTTP is ________ protocol.

__________contains a control line for write instructions and a control line for read instructions. When the CPU writes data to the main memory, it transmits a signal to the write command line.

_________carries data between the processor, the memory unit and the input/output devices.