histolohy

Додано: 2 січня
Предмет: Біологія, 11 клас
23 запитання
Запитання 1

In the electron microphotograph revealed cell of neural origin. Terminal part of the cell dendrite has cylindrical shape and consists of 1000 enclosed membrane discs. What cell is this?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Cerebral cortex neuron

b.

Sensory ganglia neuron

c.

Rod cell

d.

Ventral horn of the spinal cord

e.

Cone cell

Запитання 2

The increased intraocular tension is observed in the patient with glaucoma. Secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliary body is normal. Injury of what structure of the eyeball wall does the disorder of outflow from the anterior chamber cause?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Ciliary body

b.

Choroid

c.

Ciliary muscle

d.

Venous sinus

e.

Back epithelium of cornea

Запитання 3

During the examination the doctor found that the patient does not distinguish blue and green colors with normal perception of other colors. What structure is disordered?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Bipolar neurons

b.

Amacrine neurons

c.

Horizontal neurons

d.

Rod receptor cells

e.

Cones receptor cells

Запитання 4

A lot of people with age have clouding of the lens (phacoscotasmus or cataract). It became opaque that leading to the partial blindness. What optical and chemical properties of the lens fibers protein will be disordered?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Rhodopsin

b.

Vitrein

c.

Crystalline

d.

Dinein

e.

Iodopsin

Запитання 5

In the histological specimen of the eyeball wall, structure which consists of three neurons chain is revealed. Bodies of these neurons form outer, inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers. Which eye component has this morphologic structure?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Ciliary body

b.

Choroid

c.

Iris

d.

Retina

e.

Sclera

Запитання 6

An infectious disease caused contractive activity of muscles that contract and dilate eye pupil (paralytic state). What functional eye system was damaged?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Lacrimal apparatus

b.

Accommodative

c.

Ancillary

d.

Dioptric

e.

Photosensory

Запитання 7

Nutrition of the cornea is carried out:

варіанти відповідей

a.

By diffusion from the fluid of the anterior chamber of the eye

b.

From the lymphatic vessels

c.

From its own blood vessels

d.

Due to the secret of the lacrimal glands


e.

By diffusion from the fluid of the posterior chamber of the eye

Запитання 8

Patient with eye trauma consulted a doctor. During examination of corneal epithelium was revealed changes. What epithelium was damaged?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Stratified cylindrical


b.

Stratified squamous keratinized

c.

Stratified squamous non keratinized


d.

Simple pseudostratified


e.

Stratified cuboidal

Запитання 9

Patient has appealed to the ophthalmologist with complaints about hurt in his eyes, which revealed itself after long presence of the patient in the field during dust storm. Doctor diagnosed superficial injuries of the external corneal epithelium. Which cells provide regeneration of the injured epithelium?

варіанти відповідей

a.

Cells of stratum lucidum

b.

Cells of stratum corneum

c.

Basal cells

d.

Cells of stratum spinosum

e.

Cells of stratum granulosum

Запитання 10

Cells peripheral part of which consists of two segments were revealed in the electron microphotograph of the sense organ. The outer segment has membrane half discs and the inner one has ellipsoid. In what organ does this structure locate?


варіанти відповідей

a.

In the vestibular organ

b.

In the auditory organ

c.

In the organ of vision

d.

In the organ of taste

e.

In the organ of smell

Запитання 11

Transplantation of the cornea was done to the patient. Which peculiarities of the cornea structure give expectation to engraftment of it?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Presence of simple squamous epithelium

b.

Presence of connective tissue

c.

Absence of blood and typical lymphatic vessels

d.

Presence of stratified anterior epithelium


e.

A huge innervations

Запитання 12

An eyeball structure without blood vessels was detected in a histological specimen. What structure is characterized by this morphological sign?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Cornea


b.

Retina

c.

Iris

d.

Choroid

e.

Ciliary body

Запитання 13

55-year-old man went to the doctor with complains about the significant increase in the distance that he has the ability to read without glasses. What part of the eye has undergone age-related changes that have led to this condition?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Iris

b.

Lens

c.

Sclera

d.

Ciliary body

e.

Cornea

Запитання 14

Cells of the retina which have outer and inner segments in the dendrites are presented in the electron microscope picture. The outer segment contains hemidisc and inner segment contains lipid droplet surrounded by mitochondria. What do these cells?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Provide daylight and color vision

b.

Form the efferent way – optic nerve

c.

It is the source of regeneration of the photoreceptor neurons

d.

Provide black and white vision

e.

Refract the light

Запитання 15

A cell of the retina in which one of the processes has a segment with hemidiscs is visible in the electron microscope picture. What pigment is contained in the structure of the membrane of these hemidiscs?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Hemosiderin

b.

Lipofuscin

c.

Melanin

d.

Rodopsin

e.

Iodopsin

Запитання 16

Deficiency of the vitamin A results in the impairment of twilight vision. Name the cells that have the above-mentioned photoreceptor function:


варіанти відповідей

a.

Cone receptor cells

b.

Ganglion neurons

c.

Horizontal neurons

d.

Bipolar neurons

e.

Rod receptor cell

Запитання 17

Damages of vascular membrane are detected in the histological specimen of a fetus eyeball. What embryonic material was probably damaged during the development of the eye?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Endoderm

b.

Ectoderm

c.

Mesenchyme

d.

Internal layer of the eyeball

e.

Outer layer of the eyeball

Запитання 18

An ophthalmologist has detected that patient has disorder of green color perception during examination. Which retina cells absence may cause this sight disorder?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Ganglionic nerve cell

b.

Rod receptor cells

c.

Bipolar neuron

d.

Epithelial pigmented cells

e.

Cone receptor cells

Запитання 19

Underdeveloped epithelium of cornea is observed in the histological specimen of a fetus’ eyeball. A part of what embryonal layer was probably affected in the process of embryogenesis?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Inner layer of the eyeball

b.

Mesoderm

c.

Outer layer of the eyeball

d.

Endoderm

e.

Ectoderm

Запитання 20

An infectious disease caused contractive activity of muscles that contract and dilate eye pupil (paralytic state). What functional eye system was damaged?



варіанти відповідей

a.

Lacrimal apparatus


b.

Ancillary

c.

Photosensory

d.

Accommodative

e.

Dioptric

Запитання 21

A 14-year-old patient has twilight vision impairment. What vitamin deficiency takes place in the organism?


варіанти відповідей

a.

B 1

b.

C

c.

В 12

d.

A

e.

В 6

Запитання 22

The patient attended the ophthalmologist with nyctalopia (night blindness). The doctor examined the retina and found degenerative changes in the photosensory layer of the rods of the retina. What vitamin will be prescribed by a doctor?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Vitamin В12

b.

Vitamin В1

c.

Vitamin С

d.

Vitamin А

e.

Vitamin D

Запитання 23

Ciliary body was damaged in the patient. Function of what eye apparatus will suffer in this case?


варіанти відповідей

a.

Accommodative

b.

Photosensitive

c.

Protective

d.

Trophic

e.

Dioptric

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