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is regarded as the primary and fundamental function of language. o o o o

In order to communicate successfully people are to possess the following key communication skills: o o o o

… is focusing on the message, comprehending and interpreting, analyzing and evaluating, etc. o o o o

… is providing positive or negative feedback. os o o o

is taking into consideration the purpose, planning the content, analyzing place and audience. o oo o

Types of communication, based on purpose, are: ol o o o

Types of communication, based on communication channels, are: o o oo

Types of communication, based on the form of information transfer, are: o o o o

Types of communication, based on style and purpose, are: o o o o

. Types of communication, based on number of communicators, are: o oo

Types of communication, based on culture belonging, are: o o o o

… is a cluster of related abilities, knowledge and skills that enable a person to act effectively in a job or situation. oo o o

… refers to a cluster of abilities relating to excellence in a specific activity, the term ‘competence’ indicates sufficiency (state of being “good enough”) of knowledge and skills that enable one to act in a wide variety of situations. o o o o

The term “…” (by Noam Chomsky) refers to a native speaker’s implicit knowledge of the grammatical rules governing his/her language. o o o o

… is knowing how to begin and end conversations, how and when to be polite and how to address people. o o o o

… is a strong command of vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. o o o

… is knowledge of how to organize a piece of speech in an effective manner. o o o o

… is knowledge of how to spot and compensate for any misunderstandings or other difficulties. o o o

. The … competence is defined as the ability to use language appropriately in … situations. oo o o

… is traditionally defined as the ability of successful communication with people of other cultures. o o o o

… can be defined as disorientation experienced when suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture or way of life. o o o o

It is proved that upwards of … of the meaning in any social situation is communicated nonverbally. oo o o

… is the study of communication through corporeal movements. o o o o

… is the study of the sense of smell. o oo

… focuses on how people use space to communicate. o o o o

. … concerns the way people perceive and manage time. o o o o

The basic aspects of kinesics are: o o o o

. Physical appearance encompasses the manipulative cues related to the body such as … o o o o

The spatial distances are: o o o o

… cultures are highly conscious of time and schedules, which tend to promote certain expectations regarding punctuality, promptness, planning and prioritizing. o o o o

… cultures view time in a more cyclical and flexible way, allowing several activities to occur simultaneously. o o o o

is a fair, objective and permissive attitude toward those whose opinions, practices, race, religion, nationality, etc. differ from one’s own. o o o o

… is the belief that a particular race is superior or inferior to another, that a person’s social and moral traits are predetermined by his/her inborn biological characteristics. o o o o

… is the belief that one sex (usually the male) is naturally superior to the other and should dominate most important areas of political, economic and social life. o o o o

… is the discrimination against disabled or handicapped people. o o o o

is the belief in the intrinsic superiority of the nation, culture or group to which one belongs, often accompanied by feelings of dislike for other groups. o o o o

… is the discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, practiced by heterosexuals against homosexuals. o o o o

is the discrimination against a person on the grounds of physical appearance. o o o o

The most effective means of coining politically correct words the most productive one is … o o o o

… are the words, phrases or even whole sentences the meaning of which cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words. o o o o

… are the words denoting the subjects and notions from the everyday life, culture, historical epoch, social order, state system, folklore means, specific peculiarities of a nation that differentiate it from the other ones. o o o o

are lexical units that evoke the same or very similar complex of associations, stereotypical ideas, images, pictures, mental concepts in the mind of all or the majority of representatives of a certain lingual and cultural community. o o o o

… are pseudo-international words, which constitute a special difficulty for the translator. o o o o

4. … can be defined as fixed, commonly held notions or images of a person or group, based on an oversimplification of some observed or imagined traits of behaviour or appearance. o o o o

The belief that humans are the most important elements in the universe and reality can be approached exclusively in terms of human values and experience is known as … o o o o

The study of humans, their origins, physical characteristics, institutions, religious beliefs, social relationships, etc. is known as … o o o o

Background knowledge is the … knowledge about specific realia both of the speaker and the recipient of the message. o o o o

The ability to speak a certain language is known as the … o o o

A subdivision of a national culture or an enclave within it with a distinct integrated network of behaviour, beliefs, and attitudes is known as … o o o o

Cultural competence presupposes having … knowledge required for successful communication. o o oo