Казки для читання на уроках англійської мови
Казки для читання на уроках англійської мови
Вчитель англійської мови
Мельник Оксана Русланівна
Зміст
Вступ
Сьогодні в Україні існують сприятливі демократичні умови для успішного навчання іноземним мовам. Вчителі можуть обирати ті підручники та навчальні посібники, які, на їх думку, будуть найбільш ефективними в навчанні іншомовного спілкування. Тим не менше, багато випускників базових та середніх загальноосвітніх шкіл показують досить низький рівень володіння іншомовними навичками на комунікативному рівні. Основою комунікативної компетенції є комунікативні вміння, сформовані на ґрунті мовних знань і навичок. Мовна компетенція в свою чергу також інтегративна і включає лексичну, граматичну, фонологічну та орфографічну компетенції. Це означає, що учні мають одержати відповідні мовні знання і в них необхідно сформувати конкретні мовленнєві навички. Без оволодіння мовним матеріалом (фонетичним, лексичним, граматичним) неможливе формування мовленнєвих вмінь. Лише самі знання мовного матеріалу не можуть забезпечити реалізацію практичної мети навчання іноземної мови.
В умовах гуманізації освіти, коли особистість людини знаходиться в центрі всієї освітньої і виховної діяльності, пошук ефективних способів і прийомів навчання, в тому числі і навчання іноземної мови, привертає пильну увагу багатьох вчених, методистів і вчителів. Один з ефективних прийомів навчання - використання казок на уроках іноземної мови. Практично всі педагоги і методисти, що працюють з дітьми на різних етапах навчання, відводять велике місце казкам при навчанні іноземної мови. Деякі підручники цілком базуються на використанні казок: фонетичних, граматичних чи лексичних. Також казка є незамінним засобом формування позитивної мотивації у школярів на початковому етапі вивчення англійської мови.
Використання казок на уроках сприяє індивідуалізації навчання й розвитку вмотивованості мовної діяльності тих, кого навчають. При використанні казок на уроках іноземної мови розвиваються два види мотивації: само мотивація, коли казка цікава сама по собі, і мотивація, що досягається тим, що учням буде показано, що він може зрозуміти мову, яку вивчає. Це приносить задоволення й дає віру у свої сили й бажання для подальшого вдосконалення. Необхідно прагнути до того, щоб учні одержували задоволення від казки саме через розуміння мови, а не тільки через сюжет. Ще однією перевагою казки є сила враження й емоційного впливу на учнів. Тому головна увага повинна бути спрямована на формування в учнів особистісного відношення до прочитаного, почутого. Успішне досягнення такої мети можливо лише при систематичному читанні, а також при методично організованому читанні. Ефективність використання казки при навчанні мовлення залежить не тільки від точного визначення її місця в системі навчання, але й від того, наскільки раціонально організована структура заняття, як погоджені навчальні можливості казки із завданнями навчання.
Даний посібник містить тексти казок англійською мовою та після текстові завдання для розвитку навичок читання на уроках англійської мови для 4-5 класів загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів. Завдання зорієнтовані на розуміння змісту казок та розвивають інтерес учнів до вивчення іноземної мови.
Дидактичний матеріал можна використовувати на уроках домашнього читання.
TEXT 1
The BUN
Once there lived an old man and old woman. The old man said, "Old woman, bake me a bun." "What can I make it from? I have no flour." "Eh, eh, old woman! Scrape the cupboard, sweep the flour bin, and you will find enough flour." The old woman picked up a duster, scraped the cupboard, swept the flour bin and gathered about two handfuls of flour. She mixed the dough with sour cream, fried it in butter, and put the bun on the window sill to cool. The bun lay and lay there. Suddenly it rolled off the window sill to the bench, from the bench to the floor, from the floor to the door. Then it rolled over the threshold to the entrance hall, from the entrance hall to the porch, from the porch to the courtyard, from the courtyard through the gate and on and on.
The bun rolled along the road and met a hare. "Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up!" said the hare. "Don't eat me, slant-eyed hare! I will sing you a song," said the bun, and sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
And I'll get away from you, hare!
And the bun rolled away before the hare even saw it move! The bun rolled on and met a wolf. "Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up," said the wolf. "Don't eat me, gray wolf!" said the bun."I will sing you a song." And the bun sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
I got away from the hare,
And I'll get away from you, gray wolf! And the bun rolled away before the wolf even saw it move!
The bun rolled on and met a bear. "Little bun, little bun, I shall eat you up," the bear said. "You will not, pigeon toes!" And the bun sang: I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma
I got away from the hare,
I got away from the wolf,
And I'll get away from you, big bear! And again the bun rolled away before the bear even saw it move! The bun rolled and rolled and met a fox. "Hello, little bun, how nice you are!" said the fox. And the bun sang:
I was scraped from the cupboard,
Swept from the bin,
Kneaded with sour cream,
Fried in butter,
And coolled on the sill.
I got away from Grandpa,
I got away from Grandma,
I got away from the hare,
I got away from the wolf,
I got away from bear,
And I'll get away from you, old fox!
"What a wonderful song!" said the fox. "But little bun, I have became old now and hard of hearing.
Come sit on my snout and sing your song again a little louder." The bun jumped up on the fox's snout and sang the same song. "Thank you, little bun, that was a wonderful song. I'd like to hear it again. Come sit on my tongue and sing it for the last time," said the fox, sticking out her tongue. The bun foolishly jumped onto her tongue and- snatch!- she ate it.
Checking Comprehension Exercise
Say True or False
TEXT 2
THE TURNIP
Grandpa planted a turnip. The turnip grew bigger and bigger. Grandpa came to pick the turnip, pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! Grandpa called Grandma. Grandma pulled Grandpa, Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! Granddaughter came. Granddaughter pulled Grandma, Grandma pulled Grandpa, and Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! The doggy came. Doggy pulled Granddaughter, Granddaughter pulled Grandma, Grandma pulled Grandpa, and Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! A kitty came. Kitty pulled doggy, Doggy pulled Granddaughter, Granddaughter pulled Grandma, Grandma pulled Grandpa, and Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled but couldn't pull it up! A mouse came. The mouse pulled kitty, Kitty pulled doggy, Doggy pulled Granddaughter, Granddaughter pulled Grandma, Grandma pulled Grandpa, and Grandpa pulled the turnip. They pulled and pulled and pulled the turnip up!
TEXT 3
THE FOX AND THE CRANE
The fox once had a notion to treat the crane to dinner and went to invite him to her house. "Come godfather! Come dear! How I'll entertain you!"
The crane went to the dinner party. The fox had cooked farina cereal and spread it over a plate. She served it and urged.
"Eat, my friend-godfather, I cooked it myself. "
The crane went peck-peck with his bill, knocked and knocked, but got nothing. Meanwhile, the fox licked and licked the cereal until she had eaten it all.
The cereal eaten, the fox said, "Don't be offended dear godfather. There is nothing more to offer you."
"Thank you, godmother for that. Come to visit me."
The next day the fox went, and the crane made cold soup.
He poured it into a pitcher with a narrow neck and put it on the table. He said, "Eat godmother. Truly, there's nothing more offer you."
The fox began to spin around the pitcher. She approached it one way, then another. She licked it and sniffed it, but couldn't get anything. Her head wouldn't fit into the pitcher.
Mean-while the crane sucked and sucked until he had eaten everything up.
"Don't be offended godmother. There's nothing more to offer you."
The fox was annoyed, having thought she would eat for the whole week. She went home having gotten nothing.
It was tit for tat! From that moment on, the friendship between fox and crane was over.
TEXT 4
Little Red Riding Hood
Based on the story by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
Retold by Mandy Ross
Once upon a time there was a small girl called Little Red Riding Hood. She lived with her parents beside a deep, dark forest. In a cottage on the other side of the forest lived her grandmother. And in the deep, dark forest lived a big, bad wolf. "Grandmother's poorly," said Little Red Riding Hood's mother one day. "Please take her this cake. But don't stop on the way!"
So Little Red Riding Hood set off through the deep, dark forest. She looked all around. There wasn't a sound. Then who should she meet but the big, bed wolf. "Good day, my dear," growled the wolf with a big, bad smile. "What are you doing here?"
"I'm going to Grandmother's to take her a cake," replied Little Red Riding Hood. The wolf had a plan. "Wouldn't your grandmother like some of these flowers?" he smiled. "What a good idea," said Little Red Riding Hood. And she stopped to pick a big bunch. Meanwhile, the wolf sped ahead through the deep, dark forest. At last he arrived at grandmother's cottage.
"I'm HUNGRY," thought the big, bad wolf, licking his lips. And he knock-knock-knocked at the door.
"Hello, Grandmother," growled the wolf.
"It's Little Red Riding Hood."
"That sounds more like the big, bad wolf," thought Grandmother, and she crept quickly under the bed. The wolf went in. He looked all around, but there wasn't a sound. Then his tummy rumbled.
"No one's here," he grumbled. " Never mind. Little Red Riding Hood will be along soon." Quickly the wolf put on Grandmother's dressing gown and nightcap.
Then he hopped into bed and pretended to nap.
"Heh! Heh! Heh!" he snarled. "Little Red Riding Hood will never know it's me!"
Soon Little Red Riding Hood knock-knock-knocked at the door.
"Hello, Grandmother," she called. "It's Little Red Riding Hood."
"Come in, my dear," growled the wolf. Little Red Riding Hood opened the door.
"Oh, Grandmother!" she gasped…
"…What big ears you have!"
All the better to hear you with, my dear," growled the wolf.
"And Grandmother, what big eyes you have!"
"All the better to see you with, my dear," growled the wolf.
"And Grandmother, what big teeth you have!"
"All the better to…GOBBLE YOU UP!" roared the wolf.
But as he leapt out of bed, Grandmother's nightcap flopped right over his head.
"Quick! Down here, dear!" whispered Grandmother, and she pulled Little Red Riding Hood under the bed.
Just then, a woodcutter passed by the cottage. He heard a growling and howling… and he dashed inside. With one SWISH! Of his axe he killed the big, bad wolf. The woodcutter looked all around. But there wasn't sound. And then…out crept Little Red Riding Hood and Grandmother from under the bed. And Little Red Riding Hood said, "Mother was right. I'll never stop again on my way through the forest!"
TEXT 5
THE WOODEN HOUSE
There stood a small wooden house (teremok) in the open field. A mouse ran by: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? Nobody answered. The mouse went into the house and began to live there. A frog hopped by: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? -I am a mouse. And who are you? - I am a frog. Let's live together. So the mouse and the frog began living together. A hare ran by. He saw the house and asked: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? -I am a mouse. - I am a frog. And who are you? -And I am a hare. The hare jumped into the house and all of them began living together. Then there came a fox. She knocked on the window: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? -I am a mouse. - I am a frog. -And I am a hare. And who are you? -And I am a fox. The fox climbed into the house too. A wolf ran by: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? -I am a mouse. -I am a frog. -And I am a hare. -And I am a fox. And who are you? - I am a wolf. The wolf climbed into the house too, and they all started living together. A bear walked by. He saw the house and roared: - Little house, little house! Who lives in the little house? -I am a mouse. -I am a frog. -And I am a hare. -And I am a fox. -And I am a wolf. Who are you? -And I am a bear!!! The bear started climbing onto the roof and - crushed the whole house! All of the scared animals ran away in different directions!
TEXT 6
The Lion and the Rabbit
A Folk Tale from India
Retold by Deborah Lazarus
King Lion catches Rabbit for his dinner. Rabbit tells him, “The other lion wants me, too.”
“Other lion?” roars King Lion. “In my forest? Let me see this other lion.”
Rabbit takes King Lion to a deep well. “Look! Can you see him?” King Lion looks into the well. “Yes, I can”. (He doesn’t know it’s his reflection.) King Lion roars, “I am king of this forest.” The reflection roars back, “I am king of this forest.” The lion is so angry he jumps into the deep well. He doesn’t come back. Rabbit very happy and goes home to rest.
Tick yes or no
1. King Lion catches Rabbit for his dinner. yes no
2. King Lion takes Rabbit to a deep well. yes no
3. King Lion looks at his reflection in the well. yes no
4. King Lion says, “I am king of this well.” yes no
5. Rabbit jumps into the well because he is happy. yes no
TEXT 7
THE LION AND THE MOUSE
One day, a lion is sleeping. A mouse runs over the lion’s nose and the lion wakes up. The lion is angry. The mouse is scared. “I’m very sorry,” says the mouse. “Don’t eat me! I can help you one day.”
The lion laughs. “That’s funny!” it says. “You are little! How can you help me?” but the lion is not angry now. The mouse runs away.
One year later, the lion is walking in the jungle. A big net falls over the lion. The lion opens its mouth and roars. The mouse hears the lion and it runs to help.
“Don’t move,” says the mouse. “I can help you.”
The mouse chews the net and makes a big hole. The lion is free.
“Thank you,” says the lion. “You are little, but you are kind.”
Tick yes or no
1. The mouse is sleeping. yes no
2. The lion is angry. yes no
3. The lion is little. yes no
4. The lion opens its mouth and roars. yes no
5. The mouse runs away. yes no
6. The lion chews a hole in the net. yes no
TEXT 8
EEYORE’S BIRTHDAY
Adopted from A. A. Milne
One day Winnie – the – Pooh got up early in the morning and went for a walk in the forest. There he saw his friend Eeyore, the donkey. Eeyore looked very sad.
“Why are you so sad?” asked Pooh.
“It’s my birthday today, but I haven’t got any presents, “said Eeyore.
“Oh! Many happy returns of the day, Eeyore!”
“And many happy returns to you Pooh.”
“But it isn’t my birthday, Eeyore.”
“No, it’s my birthday.”
“But you said, many happy returns’ to me.”
“Did I? Oh, I wanted to say “thank you”, Pooh – Bear.”
Pooh ran home to get Eeyore a present. Near the house he saw Piglet. “Do you know it is Eeyore’s birthday today? Poor donkey, he is so sad.”
“Why?” asked Piglet.
“It is his birthday today, but he hasn’t got any present. What can we give him as a present, Piglet?” “I haven’t got any idea, Pooh…”
“Oh, Piglet, I’ve got an idea. I shall give him a jar of honey.”
“And I shall give him a red balloon.”
“You’re very kind, Piglet!”
“You are so kind, Pooh!”
In the evening the happy friends went to Eeyore’s birthday party.
Write if it is true or false
1. One day Winnie – the – Pooh met a donkey.
2. It was Pooh’s birthday.
3. Pooh went home to get Eeyore a present.
4. On his way home he met a Rabbit.
5. Winnie – the – Pooh will give Eeyore a jar of honey.
6. Happy friends went to Eeyore’s birthday party.
TEXT 9
THREE LITTLE PIGS
Once there were three little pigs who grew up and left their mother to find homes for themselves. The thirst pig set out and before long he met a man with the bundle of straw. "Please man" said the pig, "Will you let me have that bundle of straw to build my house." "Yes, here, take it," said the kind man. The little pig was very pleased and at once built himself the house of straw. He had hardly moved in when the wolf came walking by and seeing the new house knocked on the door. "Little pig, little pig" he said "Open up the door and let me in." Now the little pig's mother had warned him about strangers so he said "No, not by the hair on my chinny chin chin, I'll not let you in." "Now I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house down." Cried the wolf. But the little pig went on saying "No, not by the hair on my chinny chin chin, I'll not let you in." So the old wolf huffed and he puffed and he blew the house down and the little pig run fast as he could back to his mother's house. The second little pig said goodbye to his mother and set out. Before long he met a man with the bundle of sticks. "Please man" he said, "Will you let me have that bundle of sticks to build my house." "Yes, you can have it, here it is," said the kind man. So the second little pig was very pleased and used the sticks to build himself the house. He had hardly moved in when the wolf came walking by and knocked at the door. "Little pig, little pig" he said "Open up your door and let me in." Now the second little pig remembered what his mother had told him so he too said "No, not by the hair on my chinny chin chin, I'll not let you in." "Now I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house down," cried the wolf. But the little pig went on saying "No, not by the hair on my chinny chin chin, I'll not let you in." So again the old wolf huffed and he puffed and he huffed and he puffed this time it was much harder work but finally down came the house and the second little pig had to run as fast as he could back to his mother's house. Then last of all the third little pig set out and met a man with load of bricks. "Please man" he said, "Will you let me have that load of bricks to build my house." "Yes, here they are, all for you." Said the kind man. The third little pig was very pleased and built himself the brick house. Again the wolf came along and again he said. "Little pig, little pig open your door and let me in." But like his brothers the third little pig said "No, not by the hair on my chinny chin chin, I'll not let you in." "Now I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house down." Cried the wolf. And when the third little pig wouldn't open the door he huffed and he puffed and he huffed and he puffed then he tried again but the brick house was so strong that he could not blow it down. This made the wolf so angry that he jumped onto the roof of the little brick house and roared down the chimney. "I'm coming down to eat you up." The little pig had put a pot of boiling
water on the fire and now he took off the lid, down the chimney tumbled the wolf and splash, he fell right into the pot. Quickly the little pig bang down the cover and boiled up the old wolf for his dinner. And so, the clever little pig lived happily ever after.
TEXT 10
THE GOLDEN FISH
Once upon a time, in a land far far away lived a very poor couple in a shack not far from the edge of the sea. Their only means of food was the fish that the old man caught in the sea. One morning, as was his usual routine, the fisherman took his fishing net down to the sea. But on this day something unusual happened, on this day the fisherman caught the Golden Fish. The Golden Fish begged for the fisherman to spare his life, and offered in return to grant the fisherman any wish he would like. But the kindhearted fisherman asked for nothing, and returned the Golden Fish to the sea. However, the fisherman's wife was not so kindhearted, she became irate when he related the story to her, and sent him back to the sea to catch the Golden Fish and to wish for a loaf of bread. The fisherman did as he was told, he caught the fish and wished for a loaf of bread. When he returned home he found a fresh baked loaf of bread on the table. The fisherman's wife then decided that she wanted more than just a loaf of bread. The next morning she sent her husband to ask for a new. He returned home to find his wife with a new washtub, but she still wasn't satisfied. Сказка на английском языке Золотая рыбкаThe following day the husband was sent to the sea to find the magic fish and to wish for a new house. This wish was, like the ones before it, granted to the fisherman. But the fisherman was sent back again the next day to wish that his wife would become governor. This time he returned home to find his wife dressed in riches and ordering about servants. But the woman was still unhappy, and demanded to become Queen of all the land. Eventually, even being Queen of all the land did not satisfy the wife, and so she sent her husband once last time to the sea to catch the Golden Fish and to wish that she would be ruler of the sea and of all creatures who live in it. The fisherman caught the fish, and made the wish. However, when he returned home his wife was dressed in her old rags, standing by her old broken washtub, inside the old shack, with not even a loaf of bread to eat.
TEXT 11
THE STORY OF THE SLEEPING BEAUTY
Once upon a time in a land far, far away an evil queen sat with her magic mirror in her hand. She was appalled when this mirror revealed to her that she was no longer the most beautiful in all the land, but that a young princess was instead. In her rage, the evil queen ordered that the princess be led deep into the forest, and then be killed. However, the old woman assigned the grim task of leading the beautiful girl astray took pity upon her intended victim, and left her in the forest without killing her. In the forest the princess found shelter with seven "bogatrys"(warriors), and she lived there very happily. She had no idea that back in the castle the wicked queen's magic mirror had told her the secret of the girl's whereabouts, and that the queen had made plans to ensure that the princess would not once again escape her wrath. One day the beautiful princess was approached by a seemingly harmless old woman who offered her a delicious red apple. The naive princess never suspected that it was the evil queen in disguise, and gladly took the apple, whereupon her first bite she fell into a deep, seemingly irreversible sleep. All hope was not to be lost. Far away the great Prince Yelesei had heard of the fate befallen his love, and set out to break this spell which had cast her into such a deep sleep. He rode on his horse, inquiring the moon, the wind, and the sun, as to where his princess could be found. He finally found her sleeping body encased in a crystal tomb. Smashing the tomb with his sword, he broke the evil spell, and the princess awoke. They lived happily ever after. The evil queen however, did not. She died of grief as soon as her mirror revealed to her that the princess would live happily ever after.
TEXT 12
THE PRINCESS AND THE PEA
There was once upon a time a Prince who wanted to marry a Princess, but she must be a true Princess. So he traveled through the whole world to find one, but there was always something against each. There were plenty of Princesses, but he could not find out if they were true Princesses. In every case there was some little defect, which showed the genuine article was not yet found. So he came home again in very low spirits, for he had wanted very much to have a true Princess. One night there was a dreadful storm; it thundered and lightened and the rain streamed down in torrents. It was fearful! There was a knocking heard at the Palace gate, and the old King went to open it.
There stood a Princess outside the gate; but oh, in what a sad plight she was from the rain and the storm! The water was running down from her hair and her dress into the points of her shoes and out at the heels again. And yet she said she was a true Princess!
‘Well, we shall soon find that!’ thought the old Queen. But she said nothing, and went into the sleeping-room, took off all the bed-clothes, and laid a pea on the bottom of the bed. Then she put twenty mattresses on top of the pea, and twenty eider-down quilts on the top of the mattresses. And this was the bed in which the Princess was to sleep.
The next morning she was asked how she had slept.
‘Oh, very badly!’ said the Princess. ‘I scarcely closed my eyes all night! I am sure I don’t know what was in the bed. I laid on something so hard that my whole body is black and blue. It is dreadful!’
Now they perceived that she was a true Princess, because she had felt the pea through the twenty mattresses and the twenty eider-down quilts.
No one but a true Princess could be so sensitive.
So the Prince married her, for now he knew that at last he had got hold of a true Princess. And the pea was put into the Royal Museum, where it is still to be seen if no one has stolen it. Now this is a true story.
ВИСНОВКИ
На заняттях англійської мові при використанні казки як зміст навчання, у молодших школярів формується й реалізується пізнавальний інтерес до іншомовної культури. Діти здобувають знання про культуру країни мови яку вивчають. (відомості з історії, географії, життя однолітків, про побут, традиції, інтереси, про музику, живопис, символіку, одяг, свята, захоплення). Пісні, вірші, лічилки, різні ігри, також як і казка, виступають як основу навчання спілкуванню іноземною мовою.
Казка ефективно використовується при рішенні завдань навчального аспекту. Навчання говорінню на основі казки формує в дітей уявлення про іноземну мову як про засіб спілкування. Казка є прекрасним засобом для оволодіння різними вміннями й навичками спілкування досліджуваною мовою. При використанні казки процес формування навичок говоріння спрямований на розвиток готовності до спілкування, на використання іноземної мови як засобу спілкування. Казка сприяє включенню дітей у процес спілкування. На змістовній основі казки можуть бути побудовані різні ситуації ігрового рольового спілкування, сюжетно-рольові ігри, діалоги. Таким чином, казка є необхідним матеріалом для використання її як змістовна основа навчання в шкільному віці. Який-небудь інший матеріал не має такий навчальний потенціал, як казка. Вона сприяє формуванню мотивації навчання, підвищує виховні й освітні можливості іноземної мови, є прекрасним засобом навчання іншомовному спілкуванню.
Література
Молодоженя Н.В. Використання казки під час граматики англійської мови. Методичний посібник для вчителів іноземної мови. – Полонне, 2012. – 72 с.
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