Навколишнє середовище. Модальні дієслова

1. read the clues and fill in the gaps

 

sprays    climate  health   reduce  future

 

1) We have to find ways to_____________ pollution.

2) Many people in cities now have___________ problems.

3) Many aerosol_________ destroy the atmosphere.

4) Many scientists say that the _________is changing.

5) We must change the way we live. We have to think about the ____________.

 

2.Read the text and fill in the gaps using the following words:

Pollution, heavily, environment, harmful, originates, contaminate, recycling, poisons, to clean, factors, equipment, natural.

 

 

Today the greatest problem for humanity is ______________. This problem is extremely typical for_____________ industrialized cities and towns.

Pollution is contamination of the___________ including air, water and land. Uncontrolled emissions of ______________ substances and dust pollute everything around us.

It is worth mentioning that one third of all emissions into the atmosphere __________ from automobile transport. That means that air pollution is not only the problem of big cities. Another problem of big cities is wastes. The wastes from plants and factories _______________ water and soil. Household wastes such as all kinds of plastics, dead batteries and so on remain unruined for decades and it is very important to find the way of their _____________ . Batteries can explode if burnt. And they release toxic______________ into the air.

Litter doesn’t directly dirty drinking water but increases the cost of and the energy needed _____________ water for drinking. Litter causes floods, by blocking rivers and streams. People try to burn the litter. Do you know that acid rains can be caused by burning litter. Plastic bottles last more than 20 times longer than a pair of leather shoes. Leather shoes last approximately 45 years and a plastic bottle lasts 900 to 1,000 years. These are only some of the problems of environment.

A lot of birds and animals die every year from eating plastic bags.

The list may be endless: greenhouse effect, ozone holes, etc. All of these ___________ threaten mankind and nature, reduce their life, even kill them. What can be done to protect them? It is clear that it is necessary to use purification ____________  at the plants and factories, look for wasteless technologies, learn to use _________  sources of energy, such as wind, sun, etc., use new recycling technologies. It is very important that every person should be responsible for ecologically clean world and act correspondingly.

 

3. Read the statements. Choose the correct answer. Is it true or false ?

 

1. Poisons from litter enter the ground and can poison your food. True / False

2. Burning litter causes acid rain. True / False

3. Batteries can’t explode if burnt. True / False

4. Litter makes drinking water dirty. True / False

5. Paper can be reused and recycled before being thrown out. True / False

6. Litter causes more rain and so causes floods. True / False

7. Once thrown away, leather shoes last longer than a plastic

bottle. True / False

8. 1 billion birds and animals die every year from eating plastic

bags. True / False

 

4. Match the columns and make a story about water pollution:

The planet Earth is mostly water.	a very good job of keeping water clean.
All life on the Earth	by gasoline or the harmful liquids that seep into ther ground
But we are not doing	Oceans cover the biggest part of it – and there are lakes, rivers, streams and even water underground
Rivers and lakes are polluted	people, plants and animals will always have something to drink
Underground water can be polluted	depends on this water.
The ocean which is a home of to so many life forms	by garbage or by poisonous chemicals which are dumped right into them.
We need to save our water, to keep it clean and healthy so	is used as a place to dump garbage for a long time.

 

5. Розвиток навичок аудіювання

Перекладіть речення звертаючи увагу на вживання модальних дієслів в різних ситуаціях.

 

1. Many species of birds and animals have disappeared because man has polluted their natural

homes.

2. The air is polluted by power stations, factories and cars.

3. Forests are disappearing all over the world.

4. We can see litter at the seaside.

5. People are in danger.

6. People have any serious environmental problems.

7. We can use old clothes for working in the garden, for cleaning.

8. We can return glass bottles to the shop.

9. We can use waste paper to make recycled paper.

10. We can use plastic bags to take out the rubbish.

11. Recycling helps to protect the environment.

 

12. We must stop cutting down trees, we must grow them and create reserves and national parks.

13. We must fine people on the spot for dropping rubbish.

14.We must build recycling factories.

15. Separate your rubbish

16. The world’s population continues to rise

17. People have to change the way they live.

18. People really should stop polluting the environment

6. Розвиток навичок письма

Complete the sentences, using the necessary modal verbs (індивідуальна робота):

1. Saving electricity ... help us preserve the environment.

2. We ...take care of wild animals.

3. You ... live in harmony with nature

4. Every person ... think about environmental problems.

5. People ... realize that out planet is in serious trouble.

Додаткове завдання

Write the grammar test. Choose the right answer.

1. I ___ go to see the doctor last week because I was very ill.

must

must to

had to

had

2. They ___ do their homework today because it is a holiday at the school.

must not

don't have

don't have to

had not to

3. You moved all of the boxes out of the moving truck by yourself? You ___ be exhausted!

вичерпані

can

shall

          could

must

4. This isn't a difficult task, so you ___ be able to complete it by Friday.

can

should

mustn't

couldn't

5. Teresa ___ believe her eyes. She saw a man beating his wife on the street!

couldn't

must

should

could

6. ___ you come over for dinner on Friday night? I really want to hang out with you, so I hope

you can come.

Can

Will have

Must

Must have

7. He ___ give me a straight answer. He avoided my questions the whole time.

should have

wouldn't

might have

will have

8. This is a large, luxurious house! It ___ cost a pretty penny.

can

can't

must have

shall