Позакласний захід: "THE BARD OF SCOTLAND — ROBERT BURNS "

                                           

     THE LITERARY PARTY DEVOTED TO

 THE BARD OF SCOTLAND — ROBERT BURNS

 

The Topic of the Party: "The Bard of Scotland"

Practical Objective: development of monological speech skills.

Educational Objective: to widen the pupils' knowledge and outlook on Robert Burns' life and his literary activity.

Developing Objective: to develop quickness of understanding, speech reaction, language guess work and logical thinking.

Educative Objective: to foster the pupils to love poetry and to be interested in foreign writers' poetry and translation.

 

Procedure

Compere. We begin our literary party dedicated to Scotland's greatest poet, Robert Bums. He was born on January 25, 1759. Robert Burns was the most democratic poet of the 18th century. His birthday is celebrated in Scotland as a national holiday. His first poems were translated into Russian at the close of the 18th century. Our people admire Robert Burns' poems and songs in the original and in wonderful translations of Samuel Marshak. Now weʼll tell you about Robert Burns' life.

Ми розпочинаємо нашу літературну зустріч, присвячену великому шотландському поету Роберту Бернсу. Він народився 25 січня 1759 року. Роберт Бернс був найдемократичнішим поетом 18 сторіччя. Його день народження відзначається в Шотландії як національне свято. Його перші вірші були перекладені на російську мову в кінці 18 сторіччя. Наш народ захоплюється віршами та піснями в оригіналі та  чудовими перекладами Самуела Маршака. Зараз ми розповімо вам про життєвий шлях Роберта Бернса.

На екрані будинок, в якому народився Р. Бернс.

Р1. Robert Burns, Scotland's national poet, was born in a small clay cottage at Alloway, in Ayrshire, Scotland. His father William Burns was a poor farmer. He built this small clay cottage with his own hands. There were seven children in the family and Robert was the eldest. His father knew the value of a good education, and he tried to give his children the best education he could afford. Robert was sent to school at the age of six, but as his father could not pay for the two sons, Robert and his brother Gilbert attended school in turn. When not at school, the boys helped their father with his work in the fields. But soon the teacher left and the poet's father taught the children himself. Reading, writing, arithmetic, English grammar, history, literature, French and Latin — that was Robert Burns's education.

Роберт Бернс , шотландський національний поет, народився у маленькому глиняному котеджі в селі Аллоуей графства Ершир в Шотландії. Його батько Вільям Бернс був бідним фермером. Він сам збудував цей маленький глиняний котедж. У сімʼї було семеро дітей і Роберт був найстаршим. Його батько знав цінність хорошої освіти і намагався дати своїм дітям найкращу освіту, яку міг дозволити. Роберт почав ходити до  школи з шести років, але поскільки батько не міг платити за двох синів , то Роберт та його брат Гілберт відвідували заклад по черзі. Коли були вдома — хлопці допомагали працювати на полі. Коли вчитель виїхав, то батько поета навчав дітей сам. Читання, письмо, арифметика, англійська  граматика, історія, література, французька мова та латинська мова — така була освіта Роберта Бернса.

P2. William Bums died in February 1784. Robert was 25 years old. Later Robert Bums wrote about his father in his verses.

Вільям Бернс помер у лютому 1784 року. Роберту було 25 років. Пізніше Роберт Бернс писав про свого батька

MY FATHER WAS A FARMER

My father was a farmer .

upon the Carrick border O.

And carefully he bred me,

in decency and order O.

He bade me act a manly part,

though I had ne'er a farthing O,

For without an honest manly heart,

no man was worth regarding O.

БЫЛ ЧЕСТНЫЙ ФЕРМЕР МОЙ ОТЕЦ

Был честный фермер мой отец.

Он не имел достатка,

Но от наследников своих

Он требовал порядка.

Учил достоинство хранить,

Хоть нет гроша в карманах.

Страшнее — чести изменить,

Чем быть в отрепьях рваных!

Перевод С. Маршака

Robert's mother knew many Scottish songs and ballads and often sang them to her son in his childhood. His mother’s friend Betty told Robert many fantastic tales. Bums' mother died in 1820. She lived long and enjoyed the fame of her poet son.

Мама Роберта знала багато шотландських пісень та балад і часто співала їх своєму сину в дитинстві. Подруга його мами Бетті розповідала Роберту багато фантастичних історій. Мама Бернса померла у 1820 році. Вона жила довго і насолоджувалась долею свого сина поета.

P3. Robert Bums became fond of reading. His favourite wri­ters were Shakespeare, Sterne, Smollett and Robert Fergusson, a talented Scottish poet. Fergusson's tragic fate deeply touched Bums and he devoted many verses to Fergusson. In 1787 when the book of his poems was published Robert Bums erected a monument over the grave of the Scottish poet Robert Fergusson at his own expense.

Robert Burns began to write poetry when he was fifteen (1774). He composed verses to the melodies of old folk-songs, which he had admired from his early childhood. He sang of the woods, fields and wonderful valleys of his native land.

After William Bums's death the family moved to Mossgiel where Robert and his brother Gilbert rent­ed a small farm. The young men worked hard, but the land gave poor crops. The family began to live worse.

Роберт Бернс захоплювався читанням. Його улюбленими письменниками були Шекспір, Стерн, Смоллет та Роберт ФерҐассон, талановитий шотландський поет. Трагічна доля ФерҐассона глибоко вразила Бернса і він присвятив йому багато віршів. У 1787 році, коли була опублікована книга його віршів, Роберт Бернс спорудив памʼятник на могилі шотландського поета Роберта ФерҐассона за свій рахунок.

Роберт Бернс почав писати вірші, коли йому було 15. Він складав слова до старовинних мелодій, якими він захоплювався з раннього дитинства. Він оспівував ліси, поля та чудові долини своєї рідної країни.

Після смерті Вільямса Бернса сім’я переїхала до МосҐіла де Роберт та його брат Ґілберд орендували невелику ферму. Молоді люди тяжко працювали, але земля давала бідні врожаї. Сімʼя почала жити гірше.    

P4. Just at that time Robert Bums fell in love with Jean Armour and was going to marry her, but the girl's father didn't want to have a poor peasant for his son-in-law. Seeing that there was no way for him to earn his living in Scotland, Burns decided to sail for Jamaica. To get some money for his passage, he published some of his poems. Six hundred copies of "Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect" were printed in Kilmarnock in July 1786. Their success was complete. The edition was quickly sold out and Robert Burns became well known and popular.

Саме в той час Роберт Бернс закохався в Джин Армоур і збирався одружитися, але батько дівчини не хотів мати бідного селянина за зятя. Розуміючи, що не було іншого способу заробити гроші, Бернс вирішив пливти до Ямайки. Щоб одержати якусь суму, він опублікував кілька своїх віршів. 600 копій були надруковані у липні 1786 року. Успіх був величезним. Видання швидко продалось і Роберт Бернс став відомим і популярним.

Р5. Instead of going to Jamaica, Burns went to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. He had received a letter from several Edinburgh scholars, who praised his verses and invited him to come to the capital. Burns was welcomed as one of the "wonders of the world". A new and enlarged edition of his poems was the result. But soon Edinburgh society grew tired of him and forgot about the poet.

Robert Burns left Edinburgh and returned to his native village with money enough to buy a farm and marry Jean Armour, his "Bonnie Jean". Burns devoted to Jean many beautiful poems such as "I Love My Jean", "It is Na, Jean", "The Bonnie Face" and others.

Замість того, щоб попливти до Ямайки, Бернс поїхав до Единбурга, столиці Шотландії. Він одержав листи від кількох Единбургських шкіл, яким сподобались його вірші, і запрошували прибути до столиці Його запрошували як «диво світу». Результатом стало нове та доповнене видання віршів. Але незабаром Единбургська спілка стомилася від нього і забула про поета.

Роберт Бернс залишив Единбург і повернувся до свого рідного села з грошима, достатньо, щоб купити ферму і одружитися з Джин Армоур. Роберт Бернс присвятив Джин багато красивих віршів. Деякі з них були покладені на музику.      

 

MY BONNIE

My Bonnie is over the ocean,

 My Bonnie is over the sea,

My Bonnie is over the ocean

О bring back my Bonnie to me.

Chorus:

Bring back, bring back,

bring back my Bonnie to me, to me.

Bring back, bring back, О

bring back my Bonnie to me.

 

О flow ye winds over the ocean

О flow ye winds over the sea,

0 flow ye winds over the ocean,
And bring back my Bonnie to me.

Chorus.

Last night I lay on my pillow,

 Last night I lay on my bed,

Last night as I lay on my pillow

І dreamt that my Bonnie was dead.

Chorus.

The winds have flown over the ocean,

 The winds have flown over the sea,

The winds have flown over the ocean,

And brought back my Bonnie to me.

 

P6. Though Burns's poems were very popular, he always remained poor. He worked hard on his farm, but in 1791 he went bankrupt and had to sell the farm. He became a customs officer in the town of Dumfries. The work was hard and it destroyed the poet's health. He died in poverty at the age of thirty-seven (1796). Burns was buried in Dumfries. His funeral was attended by a crowd often thousand. There were the common Scottish people whom he had loved and for whom he had written his poems and songs.

In the picture you see the monument to Burns at Alloway, in Ayrshire.

Хоча вірші Бернса були досить популярними, він завжди залишався бідним. Він тяжко працював на фермі, але у 1791 році збанкрутів і змушений був продати ферму. Бернс став митником у місті Дамфріз. Робота була тяжкою і підірвала здоровʼя поета. Він помер у бідності у 37 років. Бернс був похоронений у місті Дамфріз. На похорон зійшлося тисячі людей. Це був простий шотландський народ, який він любив і для якого писав вірші та пісні.

 

P7. The poetry and songs of Robert Burns are famous all over the world. Burns is very dear to us, Ukrainian people. He was a democratic poet. His sym­pathy was with the poor, he hated the rich and hoped for a better future for the people, for equality and justice for all. Now you will hear his most popular poems.

   Поезія та пісні Роберта Бернса відомі всьому світу. Бернс особливо дорогий нам, українцям. Він був демократичним поетом. Він симпатизував бідним, ненавидів багатих і сподівався на краще майбутнє народу, рівність і справедливість .Зараз ви послухаєте найпопулярніші його вірші.

 

                               FOR A THAT AND A THAT

Is there, for honest Poverty

That hangs his head, and a' that;

The coward-slave, we pass him by,

We dare be poor for a' that!

For a' that, and a' that,

Our toils obscure, and a' that,

The rank is but, the guinea's stamp,

The Man's the gowd for a' that, —

ЧЕСТНАЯ БЕДНОСТЬ

Кто честной бедности своей

Стыдится и всё прочее,

Тот самый жалкий из людей,

Трусливый раб и прочее.

При всём при том,

При всём при том,

Пускай бедны мы с вами,

Богатство —

Штамп на золотом,

А золото —

Мы сами!

Перевод С. Маршака

Compere. Robert Bums was a revolutionary poet. He wrote many revolutionary poems. "The Tree of Liberty" is the best of them. Роберт Бернс був поетом-революціонером. Він написав багато революційних віршів. "The Tree of Liberty" – найкращий з них.

P8

                                 THE TREE OF LIBERTY

Heard ye ol the tree o' France,

I watna what's the name o't;

Around it a'the patriots dance

Weet Europe kens the fame o't.

 

It stands where ance the Bastile stood,

A prison built by kings, man,

When Superstition's hellish brood

Kept France in leading strings man...

 

Let Britain boast her hardly oak,

Her poplar and her pine, man,

Auld Britain ance could crack her joke,

And o'er her neighbours shine, man...

But seek the forest round and round,

And soon 'twill be agreed, man,

That sic a tree can not be found,

'Twixt London and the Tweed, man.

 

Without this tree, alake this life

Is but a vale o' woe, man;

A scene o' sorrow mixed wi' strife,

Nae real joys we know, man...

 

Wi' plenty o' sic trees, I trow.

The warld would live in piece, man;

The sword would help to так a plough,

The din o' war wad cease, man.

Like brethren in a common cause,

We'd on each other smile, man;

And equal rights and equal laws

Wad gladden every isie, man.

P9

                                ДЕРЕВО СВОБОДЫ

Есть дерево в Париже, брат.

Под сень его густую

Друзья отечества спешат,

Победу торжествуя.

Где нынче у его ствола

Свободный люд толпится,

Вчера Бастилия была —

Всей Франции темница...

Британский край!

Хорош твой дуб,

Твой стройный тополь — тоже.

И ты на шутки был не скуп,

Когда ты был моложе.

Богатым лесом ты одет —

И дубом и сосной, брат.

Но дерева свободы нет

В твоей семье лесной, брат!

А без него нам свет не мил

И горек хлеб голодный.

Мы выбиваемся из сил

На борозде бесплодной...

Но верю я: наступит день, —

И он не за горами,

 Когда листвы волшебной сень

Раскинется над нами.

Забудут рабство и нужду

Народы и края, брат,

И будут люди жить в ладу,

Как дружная семья, брат!

Перевод С. Маршака

Compere. Burns had a deep love for Scotland, its history and folklore. His favourite national hero was William Wallace (1272-1305), the leader of the uprising against the English oppressors. In many of his poems Burns sings the glorious past of his native land.

Роберт Бернс щиро любив Шотландію, її історію та фольклор. Його улюбленим національним героєм був Вільям Велес, лідер повстання проти англійських гнобителів. В багатьох віршах Бернс оспівує славне минуле рідної землі.

P10

Scots, wha hae wi' Wallace bled,

Scots, wham Bruce has aften led,

Welcome to your gory bed, —

Or to victorie. —

 

Now's the day and nows the hour;

See the front o' battle lour;

See approach proud Edward's power,

Chains and Slaverie. —

 

Wha will be a traitor-knave?

Wha can fill a coward's grave?

Wha sae base as be a slave? —

Let him turn and flie: —

 

Wha for Scotland's king and law,

Freedom's swordwill strongly draw,

Free-Man stand, or Free-Man fa',

Let him follow me. —

 

By Oppression's woes and pains!

By your Sons in servile chains!

We will drain our dearest veins,

But they shall be free!

 

Lay the proud Usurpers low!

Tyrants, fall in every foe!

Liberty's in every blow!

Let us Do-or Die!!!

P11

                          БРЮС - ШОТЛАНДЦАМ

Вы, кого водили в бой

Брюс, Уоллес за собой, —

Вы врага ценой любой

Отразить готовы.

 

Близок день, и час грядёт.

Враг надменный у ворот.

Эдвард армию ведёт —

Цепи и оковы.

 

Тех, кто может бросить меч

И рабом в могилу лечь,

Лучше вовремя отсечь.

Пусть уйдут из строя.

 

Пусть останется в строю,

Кто за родину свою

Хочет жить и пасть в бою

С мужеством героя!

 

Бой идёт у наших стен,

Ждёт ли нас позорный плен?

Лучше кровь из наших вен

Отдадим народу.

 

Наша честь велит смести

Угнетателей с пути

И в сражении обрести

Смерть или свободу!

 

Перевод С. Маршака

 

Compere. Bums also sings the beauty of his native land.

Бернс також оспівує красу рідної землі.

 P12

MY HEART'S IN THE HIGHLANDS

My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe;

My hearts in the Highlands, wherever I go. —

 

All hail to the Highlands, all hail to the North;

The birthplace of valour, the country of worth:

Wherever I wander, wherever I rove,

The hills of the Highlands for ever I love. —

 

Farewell to the mountains high coverd with snow;

Farewell to the straths and green valleys below;

 Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods;

Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods. —

 

Adieu for a while I can never forget thee

The land of my fathers, the soil of the free

 I sigh for the hour that shall bid me retrace

The path of my childhood, my own native place.

 

My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My heart's in the Highlands a-chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe;

My heart's in the Highlands, wherever I go.

 

P13                   В ГОРАХ МОЁ СЕРДЦЕ

В горах моё сердце... Доныне я там.

По следу оленя лечу по скалам.

 Гоню я оленя, пугаю козу.

В горах моё сердце, а сам я внизу.

 

Прощай, моя родина! Север, прощай, —

 Отечество славы и доблести край.

По белому свету судьбою гоним,

 Навеки останусь я сыном твоим!

 

Прощайте, вершины под кровлей снегов,

 Прощайте, долины и скаты лугов,

Прощайте, поникшие в бездну леса.

 Прощайте, потоков лесных голоса.

 

В горах моё сердце... Доныне я там.

По следу оленя лечу по скалам.

 Гоню я оленя, пугаю козу.

В горах моё сердце, а сам я внизу.

Перевод С. Маршака

 Р14

Compere. The poem "John Barleycorn" is symbo­lic in its meaning — John Barleycorn personifies the strength of the common people which is immortal and cannot be done away with.

 Вірш « Джон Ячменное Зерно» - символічний за своїм значенням. Джон Ячменное Зерно втілює в собі силу народу, який безсмертний і не може бути подоланим.

 

P 15                                      "JOHN BARLEYCORN"

A ballad

There was three kings into the east,

Three kings both great and high,

And they hat sworn a solemn oath

John Barleycorn should die.

 

They took a plough and ploughd him down,

Put clods upon his head,

And they hasf sworn a solemn oath

John Barleycorn was dead.

 

But the cheerful Spring came kindly on,

And show'rs began to fall;

John Barleycorn got up again,

And sore surpris'd them all.

 

The sultry suns of Summer came,

And he grew thick and strong,

His head weel armd wi' pointed spears,

That no one should him wrong.

 

The sober Autumn enter'd mild,

When he grew wan and pale;

His bending joints and drooping head

Showd he began to fail.

 

His colour sickend more and more,

He faded into age;

And then his enemies began

To show their deadly rage.

 

They've taen a weapon, long and sharp.

And cut him by the knee;

Then tyd him fast upon a cart,

Like a rogue for forgerie.

 

They laid him down upon his back,

And cudgelld him full sore:

They hund him up before the storm,

And turnd him o'er and o'er.

 

They filled up a darksome pit

With water to the brim,

They heaved in John Barleycorn,

There let him sink or swim.

 

They laid him out upon the floor,

To work him farther woe,

And still, as signs of life appear'd,

They toss'd him to and fro.

 

They wasted, o'er a scorching flame,

The marrow of his bones;

But a Miller us'd him worst of all.

For he crush'd him between two stones.

And they hae taen his very heart's blood,

And drank it round and round;

And still the more and more they drank,

Their joy did more abound.

 

John Barleycorn was a hero bold,

Of noble enterprise.

For if you do but taste his blood,

'Twill make your courage rise.

 

'Twill make a man forget his woe;

'Twill heighten all his joy;

'Twill make the widow's heart to sing,

Tho' the tear were in her eye.

 

Then let us toast John Barleycorn,

Each man a glass in hand;

And may his great posterity

Ne'er fail in old Scotland

 

P16                                       ДЖОН ЯЧМЕННОЕ ЗЕРНО

Трех королей разгневал он,

И было решено,

Что навсегда погибнет Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Велели выкопать сохой

Могилу короли,

Чтоб славный Джон, боец лихой,

Не вышел из земли.

Травой покрылся горный склон,

В ручьях воды полно,

А из земли выходит Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Всё также буен и упрям,

С пригорка в летний зной

Грозит он копьями врагам,

Качая головой.

Но осень трезвая идёт.

И, тяжко нагружён,

Поник под бременем забот,

Согнулся старый Джон.

Настало время помирать —

Зима недалека.

И тут-то недруги опять

Взялись за старика.

Его свалил горбатый нож

Одним ударом с ног,

И, как бродягу на правёж,

Везут его на ток.

Дубасить Джона принялись

Злодеи поутру.

Потом, подбрасывая ввысь,

Кружили на ветру.

Он был в колодец погружён,

На сумрачное дно,

Но и в воде не тонет Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Не пощадив его костей,

Швырнули их в костёр,

А сердце мельник меж камней

Безжалостно растёр.

Бушует кровь его в котле,

Под обручем бурлит,

Вскипает в кружках на столе

И души веселит.

Недаром был покойный Джон

При жизни молодец,—

Отвагу подымает он

Со дна людских сердец.

Он гонит вон из головы

Докучный рой забот.

За кружкой сердце у вдовы

От радости поёт...

Так пусть же до конца времён

Не высыхает дно

В бочонке, где клокочет Джон

Ячменное Зерно!

Перевод С. Маршака

Compere. Burns was a remarkable lyrical poet. In his lyrical poems and songs Burns glorifies true love and friendship.

    Бернс був також і відомим поетом-ліриком. У своїх ліричних віршах він прославляє вірну любов та дружбу.

PI 7

OF A'THE AIRTS

Of a'the airts the wind can blaw,

I dearly like the west,

For there the bonnie lassie lives,

The lassie I lo'e best:

There's wild woods grow, and rivers row,

And mony a hill between;

But day and night my fancy's flight

Is ever wi' my Jean.

I see her in the dewy flowers,

I see her sweet and fair:

I hear her in the tunefu' birds,

I hear her charm the air:

There's not a bonnie flower that springs

By fountain, shaw, or green;

There's not a bonnie bird that sings,

But minds me o'my Jean. —

PI 7

ЗАПАДНЫЙ ВЕТЕР

Из всех ветров, какие есть,

Мне западный милей.

Он о тебе приносит весть,

О девушке моей. 

Леса шумят, ручьи журчат

 В тиши твоих долин.

И, как ручьи, мечты мои

К тебе стремятся, Джин.

Тебя напоминает мне

 В полях цветок любой.

 И лес в вечерней тишине

Заворожён тобой.

Бубенчик ландыша в росе,

Да и не он один,

 А все цветы и птицы все

Поют о милой Джин...

 Перевод С. Маршака

 

Compere. Some of Robert Bums's lyrical poems are popular as songs all over the wolrd.

 Деякі з ліричних віршів Роберта Бернса стали популярними піснями у всьому світі. Послухайте одну з них.

 

A RED RED ROSE

О my Luve's like a red, red rose,

That's newly sprung in June;

О my Luve's like the melodie

That's sweetly play'd in tune.—

 

            As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,

            So deep in luve am I;

            And I will luve thee still, my Dear,

            Till a' the seas gang dry.

 

Till a' the seas gang dry, my Dear,

And the rocks melt wi' the sun:

 And I will love thee still, my Dear,

While the sands o' life shall run. —

 

And fare thee weel, my only Luve!

And fare thee weel, a while!

And I will come again, my Luve,

 Tho' it were ten thousand mile!

ЛЮБОВЬ

Любовь, как роза, роза красная,

Цветет в моем саду.

Любовь моя — как песенка,

С которой в путь иду.

Сильнее красоты твоей

Моя любовь одна.

Она с тобой, пока моря

Не высохнут до дна.

Не высохнут моря, мой друг,

Не рушится гранит,

 Не остановится песок,

 А он, как жизнь, бежит...

Будь счастлива, моя любовь,

Прощай и не грусти.

 Вернусь к тебе, хоть целый свет

Пришлось бы мне пройти!

Перевод С. Маршака

 

Compere. Burns's poems and verses inspired Beethoven, Schumann, Mendelssohn and other composers who wrote music to them. The best-known cycle of songs to Robert Burns's verses was composed by Georgi Sviridov. And now the pupils of the 6^th form will sing the most popular song by R. Burns "Auld lang Syne" . It has now become a parting song at any party or meeting friends. It is the song of meeting the New Year in England. When Big Ben strikes 12 people in Trafalgar Square make a big circle , take each other’s hands and sing.

Вірші Бернса надихали Бетховена, Шумана, Мендельсона та інших композиторів, які писали музику до них. Найбільш відомий цикл пісень до віршів Роберта Бернса був створений Георгієм Свиридовим. А зараз послухайте найпопулярнішу пісню Роберта Бернса « Old Lang Syne» у виконанні учнів 6 класу . Її співають на вечорах зустрічі друзів, а також на Новий рік в Англії. Коли Біг Бен б’є дванадцяту, люди на Трафалгарській площі беруться за руки і співають.

AULD LAND SYNE

Should auld acquaintance be forgot,

And never brought to mind,

Should auld acquaintance be forgot

And days of auld lang syne.

Chorus:

For auld lang syne, my dear,

For auld lang syne

We'll take a cup of kindness yet,

For auld lang syne!

And here's a hand, my trusty friend,
And give a hand of thine,
We'll take a cup of kindness yet
For auld lang syne! 

Chorus.

 

Now we understand why Burns' is so beloved by the people in Scotland and all over the world. The poet became the symbol of friendship. His verses and songs especially "The Auld Lang Syne" are widely read and sung the world over.

   Тепер ми розуміємо, чому Роберт Бернс є улюбленцем шотландців і всього світу. Поет став символом дружби. Його вірші і пісні, особливо « Old Lang Syne», читаються і виконуються у всьому світі.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Р1. Robert Burns, Scotland's national poet, was born in a small clay cottage at Alloway, in Ayrshire, Scotland. His father William Burns was a poor farmer. He built this small clay cottage with his own hands. There were seven children in the family and Robert was the eldest. His father knew the value of a good education, and he tried to give his children the best education he could afford. Robert was sent to school at the age of six, but as his father could not pay for the two sons, Robert and his brother Gilbert attended school in turn. When not at school, the boys helped their father with his work in the fields. But soon the teacher left and so Burns's father along with his four neighbours invited a young school-teacher, John Murdock, to teach their boys. When Murdock left, the poet's father taught the children himself. Reading, writing, arithmetic, English grammar, history, literature, French and Latin — that was Robert Burns's education.

 

P2. William Bums died in February 1784. Robert was 25 years old. Later Robert Bums wrote about his father in his verses.

MY FATHER WAS A FARMER

My father was a farmer .

upon the Carrick border O.

And carefully he bred me,

in decency and order O.

He bade me act a manly part,

though I had ne'er a farthing O,

For without an honest manly heart,

no man was worth regarding O.

БЫЛ ЧЕСТНЫЙ ФЕРМЕР МОЙ ОТЕЦ

Был честный фермер мой отец.

Он не имел достатка,

Но от наследников своих

Он требовал порядка.

Учил достоинство хранить,

Хоть нет гроша в карманах.

Страшнее — чести изменить,

Чем быть в отрепьях рваных!

Перевод С. Маршака

Robert's mother knew many Scottish songs and ballads and often sang them to her son in his childhood. His mother’s friend Betty told Robert many fantastic tales about devils, fairies and witches. Bums' mother died in 1820. She lived long and enjoyed the fame of her poet son.

 

P3. Robert Bums became fond of reading. He read whatever he could lay his hands on. His favourite wri­ters were Shakespeare, Sterne, Smollett and Robert Fergusson, a talented Scottish poet. Fergusson's tragic fate deeply touched Bums and he devoted many verses to Fergusson. In 1787 when the book of his poems was published Robert Bums erected a monument over the grave of the Scottish poet Robert Fergusson at his own expense.

Robert Burns began to write poetry when he was fifteen (1774). He composed verses to the melodies of old folk-songs, which he had admired from his early childhood. He sang of the woods, fields and wonderful valleys of his native land.

After William Bums's death the family moved to Mossgiel where Robert and his brother Gilbert rent­ed a small farm. The young men worked hard, but the land gave poor crops. The family began to live worse.

 

P4. Just at that time Robert Bums fell in love with Jean Armour and was going to marry her, but the girl's father didn't want to have a poor peasant for his son-in-law. Seeing that there was no way for him to earn his living in Scotland, Burns decided to sail for Jamaica. To get some money for his passage, he published some of his poems. Six hundred copies of "Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect" were printed in Kilmarnock in July 1786. Their success was complete. The edition was quickly sold out and Robert Burns became well known and popular.

 

Р5. Instead of going to Jamaica, Burns went to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. He had received a letter from several Edinburgh scholars, who praised his verses and invited him to come to the capital. Burns was welcomed as one of the "wonders of the world". A new and enlarged edition of his poems was the result. But soon Edinburgh society grew tired of him and forgot about the poet.

Robert Burns left Edinburgh and returned to his native village with money enough to buy a farm and marry Jean Armour, his "Bonnie Jean". Burns devoted to Jean many beautiful poems such as "I Love My Jean", "It is Na, Jean", "The Bonnie Face" and others.

P6. Though Burns's poems were very popular, he always remained poor. He worked hard on his farm, but in 1791 he went bankrupt and had to sell the farm. He became a customs officer in the town of Dumfries. The work was hard and it destroyed the poet's health. He died in poverty at the age of thirty-seven (1796). Burns was buried in Dumfries. His funeral was attended by a crowd often thousand. There were the common Scottish people whom he had loved and for whom he had written his poems and songs.

P7The poetry and songs of Robert Burns are famous all over the world. Burns is very dear to us, Ukrainian people. He was a democratic poet. His sym­pathy was with the poor, he hated the rich and hoped for a better future for the people, for equality and justice for all. Now you will hear his most popular poems.

SONG "FOR A THAT AND A THAT"

Is there, for honest Poverty

That hangs his head, and a' that;

The coward-slave, we pass him by,

We dare be poor for a' that!

For a' that, and a' that,

Our toils obscure, and a' that,

The rank is but, the guinea's stamp,

The Man's the gowd for a' that, —

ЧЕСТНАЯ БЕДНОСТЬ

Кто честной бедности своей

Стыдится и всё прочее,

Тот самый жалкий из людей,

Трусливый раб и прочее.

При всём при том,

При всём при том,

Пускай бедны мы с вами,

Богатство —

Штамп на золотом,

А золото —

Мы сами!

Перевод С. Маршака

P8  Robert Bums was a revolutionary poet. He wrote many revolutionary poems. "The Tree of Liberty" is the best of them.

THE TREE OF LIBERTY

Heard ye ol the tree o' France,

I watna what's the name o't;

Around it a'the patriots dance

Weet Europe kens the fame o't.

It stands where ance the Bastile stood,

A prison built by kings, man,

When Superstition's hellish brood

Kept France in leading strings man...

Let Britain boast her hardly oak,

Her poplar and her pine, man,

Auld Britain ance could crack her joke,

And o'er her neighbours shine, man...

But seek the forest round and round,

And soon 'twill be agreed, man,

That sic a tree can not be found,

'Twixt London and the Tweed, man.

Without this tree, alake this life

Is but a vale o' woe, man;

A scene o' sorrow mixed wi' strife,

Nae real joys we know, man...

                                         Wi' plenty o' sic trees, I trow.

The warld would live in piece, man;

The sword would help to так a plough,

The din o' war wad cease, man.

Like brethren in a common cause,

We'd on each other smile, man;

And equal rights and equal laws

Wad gladden every isie, man.

P9                                      ДЕРЕВО СВОБОДЫ

Есть дерево в Париже, брат.

Под сень его густую

Друзья отечества спешат,

Победу торжествуя.

Где нынче у его ствола

Свободный люд толпится,

Вчера Бастилия была —

Всей Франции темница...

Британский край!

Хорош твой дуб,

Твой стройный тополь — тоже.

И ты на шутки был не скуп,

Когда ты был моложе.

Богатым лесом ты одет —

И дубом и сосной, брат.

Но дерева свободы нет

В твоей семье лесной, брат!

А без него нам свет не мил

И горек хлеб голодный.

Мы выбиваемся из сил

На борозде бесплодной...

Но верю я: наступит день, —

И он не за горами,

 Когда листвы волшебной сень

Раскинется над нами.

Забудут рабство и нужду

Народы и края, брат,

И будут люди жить в ладу,

Как дружная семья, брат!

Перевод С. Маршака

P10 Burns had a deep love for Scotland, its history and folklore. His favourite national hero was William Wallace (1272-1305), the leader of the uprising against the English oppressors. In many of his poems Burns sings the glorious past of his native land.

Scots, wha hae wi' Wallace bled,

Scots, wham Bruce has aften led,

Welcome to your gory bed, —

Or to victorie. —

Now's the day and nows the hour;

See the front o' battle lour;

See approach proud Edward's power,

Chains and Slaverie. —

Wha will be a traitor-knave?

Wha can fill a coward's grave?

Wha sae base as be a slave? —

Let him turn and flie: —

Wha for Scotland's king and law,

Freedom's swordwill strongly draw,

Free-Man stand, or Free-Man fa',

Let him follow me. —

By Oppression's woes and pains!

By your Sons in servile chains!

We will drain our dearest veins,

But they shall be free!

                                           Lay the proud Usurpers low!  Tyrants, fall in every foe!  

                                           Liberty's in every blow!  Let us Do-or Die!!!

P11                                          БРЮС - ШОТЛАНДЦАМ

Вы, кого водили в бой

Брюс, Уоллес за собой, —

Вы врага ценой любой

Отразить готовы.

 

Близок день, и час грядёт.

Враг надменный у ворот.

Эдвард армию ведёт —

Цепи и оковы.

 

Тех, кто может бросить меч

И рабом в могилу лечь,

Лучше вовремя отсечь.

Пусть уйдут из строя.

 

Пусть останется в строю,

Кто за родину свою

Хочет жить и пасть в бою

С мужеством героя!

 

Бой идёт у наших стен,

Ждёт ли нас позорный плен?

Лучше кровь из наших вен

Отдадим народу.

 

Наша честь велит смести

Угнетателей с пути

И в сражении обрести

Смерть или свободу!

Перевод С. Маршака

P12.    Bums also sings the beauty of his native land.

MY HEART'S IN THE HIGHLANDS

My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe;

My hearts in the Highlands, wherever I go. —

 

All hail to the Highlands, all hail to the North;

The birthplace of valour, the country of worth:

Wherever I wander, wherever I rove,

The hills of the Highlands for ever I love. —

 

Farewell to the mountains high coverd with snow;

Farewell to the straths and green valleys below;

 Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods;

Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring floods. —

 

Adieu for a while I can never forget thee

The land of my fathers, the soil of the free

 I sigh for the hour that shall bid me retrace

The path of my childhood, my own native place.

My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My heart's in the Highlands a-chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe;

My heart's in the Highlands, wherever I go.

 

P13                   В ГОРАХ МОЁ СЕРДЦЕ

В горах моё сердце... Доныне я там.

По следу оленя лечу по скалам.

 Гоню я оленя, пугаю козу.

В горах моё сердце, а сам я внизу.

 

Прощай, моя родина! Север, прощай, —

 Отечество славы и доблести край.

По белому свету судьбою гоним,

 Навеки останусь я сыном твоим!

 

Прощайте, вершины под кровлей снегов,

 Прощайте, долины и скаты лугов,

Прощайте, поникшие в бездну леса.

 Прощайте, потоков лесных голоса.

 

В горах моё сердце... Доныне я там.

По следу оленя лечу по скалам.

 Гоню я оленя, пугаю козу.

В горах моё сердце, а сам я внизу.

Перевод С. Маршака

 Р14   The poem "John Barleycorn" is symbo­lic in its meaning — John Barleycorn personifies the strength of the common people which is immortal and cannot be done away with.                                  

                                         "JOHN BARLEYCORN"

A ballad

There was three kings into the east,

Three kings both great and high,

And they hat sworn a solemn oath

John Barleycorn should die.

 

They took a plough and ploughd him down,

Put clods upon his head,

And they hasf sworn a solemn oath

John Barleycorn was dead.

 

But the cheerful Spring came kindly on,

And show'rs began to fall;

John Barleycorn got up again,

And sore surpris'd them all.

 

The sultry suns of Summer came,

And he grew thick and strong,

His head weel armd wi' pointed spears,

That no one should him wrong.

 

The sober Autumn enter'd mild,

When he grew wan and pale;

His bending joints and drooping head

Showd he began to fail.

 

His colour sickend more and more,

He faded into age;

And then his enemies began

To show their deadly rage.

 

They've taen a weapon, long and sharp.

And cut him by the knee;

Then tyd him fast upon a cart,

Like a rogue for forgerie.

 

They laid him down upon his back,

And cudgelld him full sore:

They hund him up before the storm,

And turnd him o'er and o'er.

 

They filled up a darksome pit

With water to the brim,

They heaved in John Barleycorn,

There let him sink or swim.

 

They laid him out upon the floor,

To work him farther woe,

And still, as signs of life appear'd,

They toss'd him to and fro.

 

They wasted, o'er a scorching flame,

The marrow of his bones;

But a Miller us'd him worst of all.

For he crush'd him between two stones.

And they hae taen his very heart's blood,

And drank it round and round;

And still the more and more they drank,

Their joy did more abound.

 

John Barleycorn was a hero bold,

Of noble enterprise.

For if you do but taste his blood,

'Twill make your courage rise.

 

'Twill make a man forget his woe;

'Twill heighten all his joy;

'Twill make the widow's heart to sing,

Tho' the tear were in her eye.

 

Then let us toast John Barleycorn,

Each man a glass in hand;

And may his great posterity

Ne'er fail in old Scotland!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P16                                     ДЖОН ЯЧМЕННОЕ ЗЕРНО

Трех королей разгневал он,

И было решено,

Что навсегда погибнет Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Велели выкопать сохой

Могилу короли,

Чтоб славный Джон, боец лихой,

Не вышел из земли.

Травой покрылся горный склон,

В ручьях воды полно,

А из земли выходит Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Всё также буен и упрям,

С пригорка в летний зной

Грозит он копьями врагам,

Качая головой.

Но осень трезвая идёт.

И, тяжко нагружён,

Поник под бременем забот,

Согнулся старый Джон.

Настало время помирать —

Зима недалека.

И тут-то недруги опять

Взялись за старика.

Его свалил горбатый нож

Одним ударом с ног,

И, как бродягу на правёж,

Везут его на ток.

Дубасить Джона принялись

Злодеи поутру.

Потом, подбрасывая ввысь,

Кружили на ветру.

Он был в колодец погружён,

На сумрачное дно,

Но и в воде не тонет Джон

Ячменное Зерно.

Не пощадив его костей,

Швырнули их в костёр,

А сердце мельник меж камней

Безжалостно растёр.

Бушует кровь его в котле,

Под обручем бурлит,

Вскипает в кружках на столе

И души веселит.

Недаром был покойный Джон

При жизни молодец,—

Отвагу подымает он

Со дна людских сердец.

Он гонит вон из головы

Докучный рой забот.   За кружкой сердце у вдовы

От радости поёт...  Так пусть же до конца времён

Не высыхает дно  В бочонке, где клокочет Джон

Ячменное Зерно!   Перевод С. Маршака

PI 7.  Burns was a remarkable lyrical poet. In his lyrical poems and songs Burns glorifies true love and friendship.

 

            OF A'THE AIRTS

Of a'the airts the wind can blaw,

I dearly like the west,

For there the bonnie lassie lives,

The lassie I lo'e best:

There's wild woods grow, and rivers row,

And mony a hill between;

But day and night my fancy's flight

Is ever wi' my Jean.

I see her in the dewy flowers,

I see her sweet and fair:

I hear her in the tunefu' birds,

I hear her charm the air:

There's not a bonnie flower that springs

By fountain, shaw, or green;

There's not a bonnie bird that sings,

But minds me o'my Jean. —

PI 8

ЗАПАДНЫЙ ВЕТЕР

Из всех ветров, какие есть,

Мне западный милей.

Он о тебе приносит весть,

О девушке моей. 

Леса шумят, ручьи журчат

 В тиши твоих долин.

И, как ручьи, мечты мои

К тебе стремятся, Джин.

Тебя напоминает мне

 В полях цветок любой.

 И лес в вечерней тишине

Заворожён тобой.

Бубенчик ландыша в росе,

Да и не он один,

 А все цветы и птицы все

Поют о милой Джин...

 Перевод С. Маршака

 

PI 9 . Some of Robert Bums's lyrical poems are popular as songs all over the wolrd.

               A RED RED ROSE

О my Luve's like a red, red rose,

That's newly sprung in June;

О my Luve's like the melodie

That's sweetly play'd in tune.—

 

            As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,

            So deep in luve am I;

            And I will luve thee still, my Dear,

            Till a' the seas gang dry.

 

Till a' the seas gang dry, my Dear,

And the rocks melt wi' the sun:

 And I will love thee still, my Dear,

While the sands o' life shall run. —

And fare thee weel, my only Luve!

And fare thee weel, a while!

And I will come again, my Luve,  Tho' it were ten thousand mile!

                ЛЮБОВЬ

Любовь, как роза, роза красная,

Цветет в моем саду.

Любовь моя — как песенка,

С которой в путь иду.

Сильнее красоты твоей

Моя любовь одна.

Она с тобой, пока моря

Не высохнут до дна.

Не высохнут моря, мой друг,

Не рушится гранит,

 Не остановится песок,

 А он, как жизнь, бежит...

Будь счастлива, моя любовь,

Прощай и не грусти.

 Вернусь к тебе, хоть целый свет

Пришлось бы мне пройти!

Перевод С. Маршака

 

P 20. Burns's poems and verses inspired Beethoven, Schumann, Mendelssohn and other composers who wrote music to them. The best-known cycle of songs to Robert Burns's verses was composed by Georgi Sviridov. The tunes to Robert Burns's songs were written by Dmitri Shostakovich, Nikolai Myaskovsky, Yuri Levitаn and a number of other composers. And now let's sing the most popular song by R. Burns "Auld lang Syne" together. It has now become a parting song at any party or meeting of friends.

 

 

AULD LAND SYNE

Should auld acquaintance be forgot,

And never brought to mind,

Should auld acquaintance be forgot

And days of auld lang syne.

Chorus:

For auld lang syne, my dear,

For auld lang syne

We'll take a cup of kindness yet,

For auld lang syne!

And here's a hand, my trusty friend,
And give a hand of thine,
We'll take a cup of kindness yet
For auld lang syne! 

Chorus.

 

Now we understand why Burns' is so beloved by the people in Scotland and all over the world. The poet became the symbol of friendship. His verses and songs especially "The Auld Lang Syne" are widely read and sung the world over.