Презентація "Еврика! Нові наукові відкриття 20-го століття"

New Frontiers. Eureka! Landmarks of Science in the 20-th century. автор презентації - учитель англійської мови гімназії №267 з поглибленим вивченням іноземних мов м. Києва Кузнєцова Галина Іванівна

Frontier n C 1) especially BrE the border of a country (between / with) 2) the frontier – an area where people have never lived before that is not much known about, especially in the western US before the 20-th century 3) the frontiers of knowledge / physics, biology etc, the limits of what is known about something push back the frontiers = discover new things frontier town

New Frontiers

Biology antibiotics bacteria DNA molecule gene human genome microscope Physics atom electric current energy equation gravity mass radioactivity Information technology artificial intelligence data processing microchip online search engine Astronomy / cosmology deep apace black hole galaxy light year radio telescope solar system

match the scientific words with the definitions 1 antibiotic 2 bacteria 3 DNA molecule 4 electricity 5 galaxy 6 gene 7 gravity human genome microscopic organisms that cause a disease the force that attracts things to the Earth an independent system of stars in space all the genetic information about a human being a chemical that carries genetic information a substance capable of killing bacteria a form of energy (2 types – statistic and current) a unit of heredity 1 f 2 a 3 e 4 g 5 c 6 h 7 b 8 d

EUREKA! This method of Archimedes was then used to find out the purity of gold objects. The exclamation Eureka! means “I have found (it)”. ‘Eureka’ is used to show an answer to a problem or to indicate triumph of finding or discovering something. ‘Eureka’ has its origin in Greek and is taken from the word heurēka. This expression is supposed to be exclaimed by Archimedes when he discovered the way to measure the volume of an object with an irregular shape.

The frontiers of knowledge of science and scientific discoveries

Albert Einstein and his equation mould-breaking equation e = mc2 theory of relativity create the nuclear bomb amount of energy

Edwin Hubble and his law the most high-powered telescope observation of nebulae patches of light the greatest astronomical breakthrough the universe galaxies

Alexander Fleming  a petri dish bacteria a blue mould the natural form of penicillin nature makes penicillin laboratory

Presper Eckert – an engineer William Mauchly – a physicist produce a machine the world’s first programmable computer Eniac Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

James Watson and Francis Crick  the model of the DNA molecule ’genome’ for human beings to produce a code information about our 100,000 genes to cure hereditary illnesses

In 1937, the process called Xerography was invented by the American law student Chester Carlson. He invented a copying process based on electrostatic energy. Xerography comes from the Greek for “dry writing”

Bill Gates - the founder and the first chairman of Microsoft. Microsoft Company was established in 1975 in Seattle. Microsoft developed software for established American companies. Today four out of five of the world’s personal computers run on Microsoft software called Microsoft DOS – or Windows. It’s through the Windows system that we may gain access to the Internet, the Global computer network. Microsoft produces computer programmes in 30 languages and sells them in more than 100 countries.

Skype-an eBay company, headquarters in Luxemburg – began in 2003, was founded by Niklas Zennstrom and Janus Friis.

Eurotunnel was opened in 1994 since that time it has carried more than 57 mln passengers the busiest railway line in the world 40 metres below the sea bed the shuttle trains are 800 metres long there is a total 200 km of track the introduction of the Pet Travel Scheme in February more than 6,000 cats and dogs have also travelled The Channel Tunnel

Eureka! landmarks of science discovery breakthrough development frontiers research ground-breaking find solved discovered managed to do found a solution were successful in invented created