Science and technology in Great Britain
Lesson plan
Number of learners (in the group):
Level:
Class:
Topic of the lesson: Science and Technology in Great Britain
Topic of the lesson in Ukrainian: Великобританії
Glossary of the terms (key words of the lesson):
Aims:
- teaching:
- educational:
- developing:
Aids:
Type of the lesson: combined lesson
The procedure of the lesson
Tentative/planned timing |
Contents/activities |
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Organizing. Greeting. |
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5 |
Warmer up activity |
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5 |
Homework checking/Review material of the previous lesson1. What are the main economical sectors in Britain? 2. What is the main sector in British Industry? 3. What are the largest manufacturing concerns in Britain? 4. Which cities/areas are the centres of steel production? |
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Introducing the topic of the lesson – Today we are going to speak about the development of science in Britain. |
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20 |
Introducing the new materialBritain has a long tradition of research and innovation in science, technology and engineering. Its record of achievements begins with the contribution of Isaac Newton to physics and astronomy in the 17th century (theory of gravitation and three laws of motion) and goes to Charles Darwin with his theory of evolution, and inventions of Michael Faraday in the 19th century (the first electric motor, generator and transformer). This long record of achievement in science and technology has continued throughout the 20th century. Nobel prizes for science have been won by 70 British, more than for any country except the United States. In the last three decades major contributions have been made by British scientists working in universities, research institutes and industry. These have included theories on black holes and the origins of the universe (Stephen Hawking); the discovery of genes linked to cystic fibrosis and other diseases; the development of monoclonal antibodies and scanning techniques for medical diagnosis (Godfrey Hounsfield); the invention of DNA profiling to identify an individual from blood and tissue specimens; the world’s first combined heart, lungs and liver transplant; Britain Josephson’s research in superconductivity; Martin Ryle and Anthony Hewish discoveries in radio-astrophysics and many others. Research is continuing in the fields of medicine and genetics. The Government considers that public funding should support work in the basic sciences to advance knowledge and technological capacity and provide training for scientists. Industry is expected, however, to fund the commercial application of scientific advances. Many companies in major industries finance their own research and their own laboratories. Britain is involved in extensive programmes run by the EC to strengthen the technological basis of European industry and improve its competitiveness worldwide. Over 300 British companies and other organisations are involved in EUREKA, and industry-led scheme to encourage the development of high technology products throughout Europe. Britain’s National Space programme is concerned mainly with earth observation from satellites for commercial and environmental applications. British scientists have played a role in most European Space Agency missions, including the investigation of Halley’s Comet in 1986 by the British-built Giotto spacecraft. |
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Practising the new material1.What do you know about the following people: Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Michael Faraday? 2.What kind of contributions have been made by British scientists in the last three decades? 3.What is the role of the Government in British science? |
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Evaluating the learners activity and knowledge of the lesson |
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Summarizing the whole material of the lesson |
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Homework giving |
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End-of-lesson activity |
APPENDIX – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN GREAT BRITAIN
1. Warmer up activity
Paper Airplane Game
Level: Any Level
Draw a target (with points - like a dart board) on the white board or use a cardboard box in the middle of the room. Then, students make paper airplanes and launch them after they answer your question in the form of a sentence. I don't except my beginners/low intermediate students to form complete sentence so I help them to form correct sentences. To my surprise they will repeat the sentence several times (while I'm helping them) just so they can throw their airplane. For beginner and low intermediate classes, I recommend formulating questions that lead to 1 or 2 types of answers. This allows for better memorization. For example, use CAN/WILL questions and write the beginning part of the answer on the board "I can/will...". I recommend giving a prize to make the target points mean something, thus peaking their interest.
2. End-of-lesson activity
Sentence Race
Level: Any Level
A good game for large classes and for reviewing vocabulary lessons.
- Prepare a list of review vocabulary words.
- Write each word on two small pieces of paper. That means writing the word twice, once on each paper.
- Organize the pieces like bundles, 2 bundles, 2 sets of identical words.
- Divide the class into 2 teams. get them to make creative team names.
- Distribute each list of words to both teams. every student on each team should have a paper. Both teams have the same words.
- When you call a word, 2 students should stand up, one from each team. The students must then run to the blackboard and race to write a sentence using their word.
The winner is the one with a correct and clearly written sentence.
This is always a hit with kids. For more advanced students, use tougher words.
3. Homework
All the paragraphs in this story about James Watt are jumbled up. Rearrange them into the correct order and read about this famous British scientist.
A. James Watt also made some other inventions. One of them is a copying machine which was the predecessor of the typewriter. His other invention is a rotative engine that could run machines and became the basis of industry.
B. At 18 James decided to become a professional instrument-maker and moved to his uncle’s place in Glasgow. Then he continued his studies in London and returned to Glasgow as a skilled instrument-maker.
C. He liked mathematics and was fond of designing and making things. When he at last was able to attend school, he became one of the best pupils in mathematics and languages.
D. James Watt retired at the age of 64, but he never stopped working in his workshop inventing new things. When he died in 1819, a monument to his memory was erected in Westminster Abbey.
E. One day James Watt was asked to repair a small working model of an atmospheric-steam engine that was used for demonstration at the university lectures. He not only did that but also improved the model and made one of his greatest discoveries – a steam engine.
F. His passion for engineering was born when the boy read Isaac Newton’s “Elements of Natural Philosophy”. His first engineering creation was a small electric machine with which he gave his friends shocks that made them jump.
G. James Watt was born in 1736 in Scotland in the family of a shipbuilder. The boy was not strong and suffered from terrible headaches, so he couldn’t go to school and his parents taught him at home. The boy had a very good memory and a natural love of work.
H. When Glasgow University needed a qualified specialist to install new instruments in a new observatory, James Watt was invited and did that job brilliantly.
G-C-F-B-H-E-A-D.
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