Past Simple vs Present Perfect

PAST SIMPLE VS PRESENT PERFECT By Eugenia Tkachenko

We use Past Simple for: ✅ finished actions in the past ✅ actions at a definite time Time expressions with Past Simple �� yesterday �� last week �� last month �� last year �� in 2022 �� ago �� when I was a child Structure Affirmative Subject + V2 / -ed Negative Subject + didn't + V1 Question Did + subject + V1? Examples ✔ I visited London last year. ✔ She watched a film yesterday. ✔ We didn't go to school. ✔ Did you see him? We use Present Perfect for: ✅ life experience ✅ unfinished time ✅ result now ✅ recent actions Time expressions with Present Perfect ✨ ever ✨ never ✨ already ✨ just ✨ yet ✨ recently ✨ lately ✨ so far Structure Affirmative Subject + have/has + V3 Negative Subject + haven't/hasn't + V3 Question Have/Has + subject + V3? Examples ✔ I have visited Paris. ✔ She has lost her keys. ✔ Have you finished? Past Simple Present Perfect

COMPARE Specific time I saw that film yesterday. Use Past Simple when you know WHEN. I visited my grandparents last weekend. She graduated in 2021. No specific time I have seen that film. Use Present Perfect when the TIME IS NOT IMPORTANT. I have already finished my homework. Have you ever ridden a horse? She hasn't arrived yet. Past Simple Present Perfect

DEFINE THE TENSE: PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST SIMPLE I went to Italy last year. → ✅ I have been to Italy. → ✅ She lost her phone yesterday. → ✅ She has lost her phone. She can't find it now. → ✅ We finished dinner at 8 o'clock. → ✅ We have finished dinner. Now we are free. → ✅ He wrote the email this morning. → ✅ He has written the email. It's ready now. → (Past Simple) (Present Perfect) (Past Simple) (Present Perfect) (Past Simple) (Present Perfect) (Past Simple) (Present Perfect)

for two hours at nine o’clock three days ago last Christmas for two hours since my birthday last year five minutes ago for a long time in 2007 since 1987 last night yesterday for ages last summer since February since we were at school for five days the day before yesterday

spent haven’t talked has been went hasn’t bought went met has been haven’t seen arrived

SPEAKING Ask your partner ✔ Have you ever flown by plane? ✔ Have you ever eaten sushi? ✔ When did you last travel? ✔ Where did you go yesterday? ✔ Have you finished your homework? ✔ Name three things you have done today. ✔ Name three things you did yesterday.