Посібник з англійської мови для кухарів

Про матеріал

Посібник розрахований на широке коло користувачів: учнів та викладачів профтехосвіти, а також усіх, хто вивчає англійську мову. Посібник побудований на основі сучасної лексики англійської та української мов. Посібник сприятиме успішному оволодінню англійською мовою та формуванню професійних навичок кухарів, розвитку інтелектуальних здібностей.

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ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНИЙ НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ЗАКЛАД

НІКОПОЛЬСЬКІЙ ЦЕНТР ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ

Посібник з англійської мови

для кухарів

Лисенко М.М.

Нікополь

2016

Посібник з англійської мови для кухарів. – Нікополь: НЦПО, 2016., 73с.

Посібник розрахований на широке коло користувачів: учнів та викладачів профтехосвіти, а також усіх, хто вивчає англійську мову.

Посібник побудований на основі сучасної лексики англійської та української мов. Посібник сприятиме успішному оволодінню англійською мовою та формуванню професійних навичок кухарів, розвитку інтелектуальних здібностей.

Упорядник:

Лисенко М.М.

Рецензент - ЕсаулкоО.О. – заступник директора з НР НЦПО

Відповідальний редактор - Клопінська І.О. - методист НЦПО

Розглянуто та схвалено

на засіданні м/к суспільно-гуманітарних дисциплін

Протокол № 6 від 27.01.2016р.

Анотація

Посібник з англійської мови для кухарів призначений для організації самостійної та додаткової роботи учнів ПТНЗ, поглибленню та проведенню контролю знань з предмету «Англійська мова» по темі «Культура харчування».

Система завдань посібника доповнює та розширює систему завдань навчальних підручників і посібників з предмету «Англійська мова» по темі «Культура харчування». В посібнику подані опорні теоретичні положення теми, запитання самоконтролю знань, тестові завдання, завдання на розвиток логічного мислення.

Посібник побудований на основі сучасної лексики англійської та української мов. Також він сприятиме успішному оволодінню англійською мовою та формуванню професійних навичок кухарів, розвитку інтелектуальних здібностей.

Посібник з англійської мови для кухарів містить велику кількість ілюстрованого матеріалу, таблиць, різноманітних кросвордів, схем, що підвищує пізнавальну діяльність учнів до вивчення теми «Культура харчування» та якість знань, допомагає учням краще засвоїти і закріпити вивчений матеріал.

Посібник розрахований на широке коло користувачів: викладачів профтехосвіти та учнів, що опановують професію: 5122 «Кухар», а також усіх, хто вивчає англійську мову.

Зміст

Lesson 1……………………………………………………….………………….5

Lesson 2………………………………………………………..……..………...10

Lesson 3……………………………………………………………….………..13

Lesson 4…………………………………………………………….…………..16

Lesson 5……………………………………………………………….………..20

Lesson 6……………………………………………………………….………..22

Lesson 7………………………………………………………………….……..24

Додатки………………………………………………………………………..27

Словник……………………………………………………………………….61

Використана література……………………………………………………73

Передмова

Даний посібник призначений для учнів І та ІІ курсів за професією «Кухар». В ньому представлені завдання професійного змісту. Посібник складається з 7 уроків: Lesson 1: How to lay a cover; Lesson 2: Meals in England; Lesson 3: Dinner at the restaurant; Lesson 4: The Menu; Lesson 5: Methods of Cooking; Lesson 6: Styles of food service; Lesson 7: At the bar.

Після уроків йдуть додатки, які складаються з великої кількості ілюстрованого матеріалу, схем, тестів, таблиць та різноманітних кросвордів.

Для зручної роботи підручник також має словник побудований на основі сучасної лексики англійської та української мов.

Робота над завданнями професійного змісту сприятиме закріпленню здобутих знань, формуванню інтересу до англійської мови та обраної професії.

Автор посібника сподівається, що запропонований матеріал стане в нагоді викладачам англійської мови ПТНЗ.

Lesson 1

How to lay a cover

When you lay a cover you need the following cutlery and tableware:

main knife and fork
fish knife and fork
soup spoon
side knife
glassware
napkin.

Rules of setting a table:

Put the cutlery, crickery and glasses on the table before the guests come.
Wipe and polish all cutlery and glassware before you put them on the table.
Put the main knife and fork 1 cm from the edge of the table.
Put the side plates at the left side.
Put the side knives on the side plates.
The blades of all knives must face left.
Put the wine glasses in front of the main knife.
Put a folded napkin in the centre of the side plate or at the right side of the cutlery.
A vase for flowers, cruets-sets and an ashtray are in the centre of the table.

Answer the questions:

Do we set the table before the guests arrive?
What do we do with cutlery, crockery and glassware before we put them on the table?
Where do we put the main knife and fork?
Where do we put side plates?
Where do we put side knives?
Where do we put wine glasses?
Where do we put a folded napkin?
Where do we put flowers, cruets-sets and an ashtray?

The table manners

Questions before reading:

Speak about the table manners you should observe in your homes or in the public cafeteria. What do you do before eating? Are there rules about your hands or the way you sit? What do you do at the end of a meal? Why do we have rules about how to eat? Have you ever been in situations where the rules you are used to are not appropriate?

Different Countries, Different Etiquette

Whether one is travelling for business or for pleasure, new cultures are generally part of the process. Although there are many differences between cultures in the world, there are also similarities. The similarities do not get us into trouble, but the differences can destroy a business deal or a pleasure trip. Learning some facts and some of the patterns of other cultures, as well as various travel customs and tips, can help you be successful.

France

In a country where food is king it's good to have courtly manner. So:

 Don't cut your salad with a knife or fork. Instead fold your salad on your fork using your knife.

 Never cut bread. Break bread with your fingers. And usually there aren't bread/butter plates. So place your bread on the table above your dinner plate on the left.

 Cut cheese vertically. Do not cut off the points.

 Never eat fruit whole – Always peel and slice it before eating.

 When you're finished eating, place knife and fork side by side on the plate at the 5:20 position. The fork should be on the left and the knife should be on the right with the blade of the knife facing the fork.

 To signify that you would like more food, cross your knife and fork across your plate.

Italy

Italians are known for expressing themselves through body language. So:

 Greet friends with a kiss on both cheeks.

 Keep eye contact while talking. If not, Italians think you are hiding something.

 To call a waiter or waitress, raise your index finger and make eye contact.

 Stand when an older person enters the room.

China

In China, it's all about respect. So:

 When introduced to a group of Chinese people, they may greet you with applause. Be sure to applaud back.

 Greet the oldest, most senior person first.

 Address the Chinese by Mr., Mrs., Miss plus family name.

 The Chinese dislike being touched by strangers. Other than shaking hands when greeting them, do not hug, lock arms or make any other body contact.

Argentina

Always fashion-conscious. So:

 Dress well if you want to make a good impression.

 Women are expected to dress stylishly.

 And don't be offended by their humor, which may mildly attack your clothing or weight.

Questions after reading:

What are the differences and similarities between the table etiquette in your country and the countries that you have read about?
What are some mealtime habits or rules in your home that a visitor from one of these countries may find unusual? What could you do to make your visitor feel comfortable?
How did you learn what behavior is appropriate at mealtime?
Why are rules of etiquette so important? Whose rules do you follow when you're sharing a meal at someone's house? Whose rules do you follow in a restaurant?

Lead-in: Imagine you are going to visit some country. Choose any country you like. What would you do before you go there? (find some info on the Internet about culture, food, history, holidays, people, good manners – what you CAN and CAN’T do)

Table manners in Ukraine:

DO partake in toasts. Toasting is a very important part of Ukraine's social culture.
DO be prepared with an excuse if you don't drink. If you don't drink alcohol, blame it on an medical problem. Ukrainians can sometimes be suspicious of people who don't drink.
DON'T clink glasses during a toast if you aren't drinking alcohol.
DON'T eat until the host invites you to begin.
DO rest your wrists at the edge of the table.
DON'T refuse a dish. Try everything and save room for seconds. Turning down food could be seen as rude.
DON'T leave an empty bottle on a table. It's considered bad luck.
Put your napkin on your lap when the food is served. After you have finished eating wipe your hands and mouth with the napkin and then put it on the table on the left of your plate. Don’t fold it, don’t wipe your face with it.

Lesson 2

Meals in England

The usual meals in England are breakfast in the morning, lunch at one o’clock during the break at work and dinner at home at seven or eight o’clock in the evening. Sometimes the meals are breakfast, lunch traditional five o’clock tea, dinner and late supper.

English breakfast is usually substantial and varied. For breakfast English people may have porridge or cornflakes with milk or cream and sugar, bacon and eggs, fried mushrooms, marmalade with buttered toast and egg, cold ham, or fish with potato chips.

Those people who work usually have lunch about one o’clock. For lunch they may have a mutton chop, or fish and chips, or cold meat, or steak with fried potatoes and salad and fruit dessert. Working people usually have their lunch at the canteen or in the nearest café or a small restaurant.

Afternoon tea at home is between five and six o’clock. Five o’clock tea is an old English tradition. Friends often come for a chat while they have their cup of tea, cake or biscuit.

In many English families dinner is the biggest meal of the day and in the evening there is usually a much simpler supper - an omelet or sausages, or sometimes bacon and eggs. For late supper they may have just bread and cheese, a glass of juice or hot chocolate and fruit.

Answer the questions:

What are the usual meals in England?
Is English breakfast substantial and varied?
What may English people have for breakfast?
When do people who work usually have lunch?
Where do working people usually have their lunch?
Is five o’clock tea an old English tradition?
What can be served for five o’clock tea?

Translate into English:

1. Англійський сніданок зазвичай щільний і різноманітний.

2. Люди, які працюють, зазвичай обідають у їдальні або в найближчому кафе або ресторані.

3. На сніданок у англійців може бути вівсяна каша або кукурудзяні пластівці з молоком, яєчня з беконом, чай або кава.

4. Чай в 5:00 - стара англійська традиція.

5. Пізня вечеря зазвичай легка. Це може бути хліб і сир, стакан соку або какао і фрукти.

Read and translate into Ukrainian.

Breakfast at the restaurant

1^st Guest: Let’s call a waiter and make the orders.

Waiter: What can I do for you?

1^stGuest: Breakfast for two, please.

Waiter: What would you like for breakfast? Today we’ve got a big choice of dishes.

1^st Guest: Will you bring us something substantial to your taste?

Waiter: Here is the menu. Make your choice, please.

1^st Guest: I’d rather have pancakes, bacon and eggs and a cup of coffee.

Waiter: How would you like your coffee?

1^st Guest: Not very strong and put two lumps of sugar in it, please.

Waiter (to the second guest): What would you like for breakfast?

2^nd Guest: I’d like fried eggs, meat pate and toasts with marmalade. Then bring me a fruit salad and some fruit juice, please.

Waiter: What juice would you like?

2^nd Guest: Orange juice, please.

Waiter: Anything else?

2^nd Guest: No, that’s all.

Waiter: Just a minute, it won’t take long.

(After the breakfast.)

1^st Guest: How much do we pay?

Waiter: Here’s your bill, please.

1^st Guest (paying for the breakfast): Here you are. Keep the change, please.

Waiter: Thank you, sir! Come again, please.

Make a dialogue.

Guest: I usually take two lumps of sugar and have my coffee with milk.

Guest: Well, I’ll have some bread and butter or some buttered toast, eggs and bacon and cornflakes with milk.

Guest: You see, I didn’t want to take a substantial breakfast but today I’d like to taste your sandwiches with cheese. I see you have sandwiches with cheese on the menu. What kind of cheese is that?

Guest: In the morning I prefer a cup of strong coffee?

Waiter: How many lumps of sugar do you take in your coffee? Do you take milk with your coffee?

Waiter: What else would you like to order?

Waiter: Good morning! What would you like for breakfast?

Waiter: Any kind you like. We have sharp, piquant cheeses – Roquefort and Cheddar, mellow cheeses – Swiss and Cheshire, and soft cheeses – Edam, Camembert and Brie.

Waiter: What would you like, tea or coffee?

Make some sentences.

Ви збираєтеся зробити замовлення в ресторані. Щоб ви замовили собі на сніданок?

Example: For breakfast I’d like to have …

yogurt

pancakes with sour cream

omelet

pudding

fried eggs

boiled eggs

cottage cheese

bacon

strong tea coffee

sausage

apple pie

liver pate

cake

butter

strawberry jam

orange marmalade

cocoa (hot chocolate)

milk

cornflakes with milk

sandwiches with cheese

Lesson 3

Dinner at the restaurant

Usually I have my dinner at home but last Sunday my friend invited me to have dinner at the restaurant. When we came in the headwaiter showed us to the table. We sat down at the table and the waiter gave us the menu. The table was already laid for dinner. There was a white table-cloth on the table, plates, spoons, knives and forks on it. In the middle of the table there was a dish with white and brown bread, a cruet-set with a salt-cellar and pots for pepper and mustard.

We decided to begin with some kind of appetizer or hors-d’oeuvre. My friend ordered clear chicken soup with noodles and I chose cabbage soup with small meat pies.

For the second course there was a wide choice of dishes: fried fish and chips, pancakes with salmon, scallops fried in vegetable oil, veal cutlets, pork chops with fried potatoes, steaks and grilled chicken. The waiter suggested us for the second course the specialty of the restaurant – pan-fried veal chops with spring onions.

For dessert we decided to take vanilla ice cream, coffee and apple pie.

Everything was very tasty and the service was good. The waiter brought us a bill. We paid the bill and left the restaurant.

Answer the questions:

When did my friend invite me to have dinner?
Was the table laid for dinner already?
What was there on the table?
What was there in the middle of the table?
What did we decide to begin dinner with?
What did my friend order?
What was on the menu for the second course?
What did the waiter suggest us for the second course?
What did we decide to take for dessert?

Make dialogue: Eating out

Tom: Good Evening. What would you recommend for dinner?

Hi. Can I have a hamburger, please?

Tom: That sounds good. I’ll take it.

Some ketchup and a pickle, please.

Tom: Fine. I’ll have that.

No. That’ll be all.

Tom: No. But do you have potatoes or rice?

Tom: Give me a diet lemonade.

Waiter: Sure, what do you want on it?

The fish is excellent. It’s flounder, and it’s very fresh.

Waiter: Would you like a vegetable also?

We have carrots and spinach.

O.K. Do you want anything to drink?

Waiter: That’ll be two-fifty.

Good. I’ll have everything for you in a few minutes.

Waiter: We have rice this evening.

Waiter: All Right. Anything else?

Fast food or Traditional food?

It’s Ok to eat fast food occasionally but fast food is high in calories. So, if you often eat a hamburger and chips you can easily become obese. You must eat homemade food because it is healthier.

Everybody knows that fast food is cheap and quick. However fast food is not as tasty as homemade food. Young people prefer to eat pizzas, hamburgers and French fries but they should eat soup instead. Fast food companies spend lots of money to make people believe that fast food is cool. The average American eats three hamburgers with French fries a week. Is it surprising that 14% of American teenagers are obese? Health care is devoted to create new eating habits so that we can have a healthier generation.

Obesity can lead to other diseases such as diabetes and heart strokes. This is why America is now starting to fight back against the fast food companies. They are stopping serving fast food in school cafeterias and restaurants serving traditional food are opening now.

Read the text and find evidence for the following statements.

There is no problem if you eat fast food now and then.
You can get fatter if you eat hamburgers and chips frequently.
Fast food is not expensive.
Fast food is easily made and eaten.
Advertisements convince people to eat fast food.
Three hamburgers with French fries a week is the percentage of the American consumer.
About a quarter of American teenagers are very fat.
Being fat can cause several diseases.
There is a campaign against fast food.
Schools and other places are not going to sell fast food in the future.

Lesson 4

The Menu

The word menu means:

The dishes served in this restaurant
The list of dishes and vines. It is usually printed in the form of a card and each guest receives a copy of the menu. In popular restaurants there are one or two big menus on blackboards.

The structure of the menu

The classical French menu has more than twelve courses. Modern menus usually have:

Appetizers or snacks
Soups
Entrees
Main courses
Desserts.

Many restaurants call the first three courses “starters”.

Appetizers can be hors-d’oeuvre, pates, or natural oysters. These dishes are usually cold. They stimulate the appetite and are served at the beginning of the meal.
Soups may be thick potage or thin consommé. Soups are usually served hot, but can be served cold.
The entrée in the classical French menu is a course served between the fish and the main meat courses. In the modern menu it can be seafood dishes, salads, small fried sausages or fish.
The main course is the most substantial course of the meal. Guests usually choose their main courses first and then select other courses. When chefs design menus, they usually start with the main course and then plan the other courses.
Dessert is the sweet course at the end of a meal or before coffee. In Britain it can be fruit and nuts, or a pudding. Coffee can be served with chocolates, biscuits or fruits.

Answer the questions:

How many courses are there in a modern menu?
What are starters?
When are the appetizers served?
What kinds of soups do you know?
When are the entrees served?
What is the main course?
What is dessert? What can be served for dessert?
When is coffee served?

TYPES OF MENUS

Most menus consist of courses, or parts of the dinner, which are served in a certain order. First small, light dishes (appetizers) are served, then the main part of the meal is served and at the end of a meal a dessert is served.
There are four basic types of menus:

a la carte menu
table d’hote menu
carte du jour
cycle menu

A la carte menu
A la carte means dishes «according to the card». This menu allows the customer to choose the number and type of dishes. This menu has a list of all the dishes, arranged in courses and each dish has its price. The dishes are «cooked to order», so the guests must wait a little until the dish is ready, and then the dish is served to the guests.

Table d’hote menu.
Table d’hote means «host’s table». It usually offers a limited choice of dishes. Three or four dishes are offered in each course and the guest pays a fixed price for the whole meal.

In «business lunch», for example, there are only three or four dishes in each course and the guest pays a fixed price for the whole meal.

Carte du jour.
Carte du jour means «card of the day». The dishes in this menu are served on this day only.

Cycle menu
A cycle menu is a group of menus, which are repeated in a certain cycle. Cycle menus are usually used in hospitals, on airlines and in works canteens. The dishes in the main course are new every day.

Answer the questions:

What are the five courses most commonly found on a modern menu?
Why are hors-d’oeuvres usually small?
What are the main course of dishes?
What is the French name for a thin soup?
What is the French name for a thick soup?
Which course on a menu do guests usually choose first?
What can be served for desert?
What is a la carte menu?
What is a table d’hote menu?
What does carte du jour mean in English?
Where is cycle menu usually used?

Перекладіть на англійську

Більшість меню складається зі страв та напоїв, які подаються в певному порядку.
Спочатку подаються легкі страви, потім основні страви, і в кінці обіду подається десерт.
Страви в меню a la carte готуються на замовлення.
Меню a table d’hote зазвичай пропонує обмежений вибір страв.
Страви в меню carte du jour подаються тільки в цей день.
Циклічне меню зазвичай використовується в лікарнях, на авіалініях і в їдальнях на заводах.

Lesson 5

METHODS OF COOKING

Cooking is a heat treatment of food to make it edible. Many products cannot be eaten raw. Meat, fish and vegetables are usually cooked. Some fruits are not cooked, but some, such as apples, pears, and currants, may be used in pies or to make desserts. Fruits are also cooked to make jams, jellies, and marmalades.
The four basic ways to cook food are:

Heating in a liquid (boiling, stewing)
Heating in fat or oil (frying and sautéing)
Heating in steam (steaming)
Heating by dry heat (baking, roasting and grilling).

Boiling. We may boil food in different liquids and mixtures, including water, stock, and wine. Meat, poultry, many vegetables and spaghetti are cooked this way.

Stewing is cooking food slowly in liquid. It is often used for meat. Vegetables, herbs, and spices are usually added at the end of cooking.

Deep-frying is immersion of food in hot fat or oil. Chipped potatoes and doughnuts are the best example of deep-frying. Deep-fried foods are called fritters.

Shallow frying is frying on a pan in hot fat or oil, when the food is fried on both sides. We can fry eggs, meat, vegetables, mushrooms, onions and pancakes.

Sautéing is frying when natural juices of the food are mixed with the fat or oil in the saucepan. We can also add stock, wine or cream. As a result we obtain a dish with a sauce.

Steaming is a method of cooking above the surface of boiling liquid in a covered saucepan. Fish, vegetables, and poultry are especially suitable for steaming, as are some types of puddings.

Baking is dry cooking inside an oven. Bread, cakes, pastries, tarts and biscuits are baked. Vegetables, especially potatoes, may also be cooked in this way.

Roasting is cooking meat and poultry, which are placed in an oven and cooked by dry heat. They are often basted, that is, the juices from the meat are spooned over during the process. Some cooks wrap the meat in a roasting foil with a little oil or melted fat. Meat can be also roasted on a spit.

Grilling is a rapid method of cooking poultry, fish, cuts of meat, sausages and kebabs by heat, the source of which may be gas, electricity, or charcoal.

Answer the questions:

What are the four basic ways to cook food?
What is cooked by boiling?
What two methods of frying do you know?
What can be baked?
What do we usually roast?
How do we call frying when natural juices of the food are mixed with the fat or oil in the saucepan?
How we are potato chips cooked?
How are beefsteaks cooked?
How are spaghetti cooked?
How are doughnuts cooked?

Перекладіть на англійську

Тушковане м'ясо; варені овочі; смажена яловичина; печена картопля; курка гриль; смажені у фритюрі страви; смажений на рожні шашлик; варена курка; поливати зверху жиром; загортати у фольгу; запікати тістечка; смажити в олії.
Ми готуємо піцу; ми варимо; смажимо на сковороді; печемо; тушкуємо в каструлі на повільному вогні; варимо на пару.

Lesson 6

STYLES OF FOOD SERVICE

There are many types of catering establishments. They are big first class restaurants in five-star hotels, small restaurants, cafeterias, snack bars and fast food restaurants. They serve different types of customers. They are families, groups of tourists, business people, children etc. They all demand different styles of service. There are various basic styles of food service in restaurants of different types. The most common styles are:

Buffet service

Buffet service is often called “Swedish Board”. This system of food service is very convenient for the guests – they needn’t wait for the waiters and bills. This is really self-service. Breakfast is served from 8 to 10, lunch from 12 to 15, dinner from 18 to 20. As a rule this type of food service is arranged in hotels for big group of tourists, and also for conferences and congresses.

The counters with snacks and dishes, and snack-plates and trays for taking food are placed in the center of the dining hall. The tables are near the walls. The guests come up to Swedish Board and put the meals, appetizers and salads on the snack-plates themselves. Then they put everything on the trays and take their seats at the tables.

The assortment of appetizers, dishes and beverages is usually rich. The guests can taste a little of each dish. Desserts are usually placed on a separate table. The waiter’s role is to cleat the tables and serve drinks. The waiters can also help the guests if necessary.

Cafeteria service

In cafeteria service the guests collect their plates with dishes on a tray as they move along the counter. At the end of the counter there is a cash desk. There the customers pay for the dishes they have chosen. This kind of service is usually used in cafeterias, snack bars and canteens.

Plate service

This is the simplest form of table service in the restaurants. All the food is put on the plates in the kitchen. The waiters take it and place on the table in front of the guests. The principal item in the dash should be put nearest to the customer, and the garnish and vegetables should be arranged around the main item.

Answer the questions:

What are the types of catering establishments?
What are the types of customers?
Is the “Swedish Board” convenient for the guests?
What groups of people usually use the “Swedish Board”?
Where are the counters with snacks and dishes placed in “Swedish Board”
Where are the desserts placed in the “Swedish Board”?
What is the waiter’s role in the “Swedish Board”?
Where is cafeteria service used?
Where do the customers pay for the dishes in cafeteria service?
What is plate service at the restaurants?

Перекладіть на англійську

На різних підприємствах харчування різні стилі обслуговування, тому що вони обслуговують різні типи клієнтів.
Самообслуговування «Шведський стіл» дуже зручно для гостей, вони не повинні чекати офіціантів і рахунок.
«Шведський стіл» використовується для великих груп туристів, а також для конференцій і конгресів.
Асортимент закусок, страв і напоїв зазвичай багатий. Гості можуть спробувати всі страви.
Офіціанти можуть допомагати гостям якщо необхідно.

Lesson 7

AT THE BAR

A bar is the place where you can have a cup of coffee with a sandwich or a cold snack. If you want to have a drink you can order a cocktail or a glass of beer. You can also order rum, wine, liqueurs, whisky and vodka. They also serve cooling beverages, juices, fruit cocktails, ice cream, pastry, sweets, chocolates, cigarettes and fruit.

The barman is standing behind the bar counter. He serves his customers who sit at the counter on high stools in front him. They drink cocktails and coffee. Some visitors sit in comfortable armchairs at the tables. They drink cocktails, fruit juices, soda and beer. Some visitors drink coffee with sandwiches and eat ice cream.

Barmen make cocktails to order. They make aperitifs, digestives and original cocktails. Aperitif cocktails are served before the meal. They are: “Manhattan” with a cherry on the bottom and “Cinzano”. These cocktails improve the appetite. They are rather strong and are made with gin, vodka, whisky and rum. Some of them are made with vermouth or port.

The digestives are served after the meal. They help to digest food.

The original cocktails can be layered. They have several layers of spirits of different colour.

There are a lot of recipes of dessert cocktails. They called bowls, cobblers, fizzes, highballs and sour. They are long drinks and people drink these cocktails using straws. When you drink “through a straw” it’s called “a long drink”, when you drink at a gulp – “a shot drink”. Cobblers are made with ice and are decorated with fruits: lemons, oranges and berries. Fizzers are made with sparkling wine (for example, champagne) or sodas. Highballs are served in high glasses. They are a mixture of two ingredients: strong drinks, such as whiskey or vodka, and some soda. “Sour” cocktails have much lemon juice in them.

Come to the grill-bar where you can taste kebabs or shashliks (pieces of mutton roasted on a spit), grilled sausages, grilled fish, grilled chicken, beefsteaks. There you can also have coffee and beverages.

In the beer bars they sell bottled and draught beer, mineral and fruit water. They usually have no strong drinks on sale. You can order beer of any kind you like. For a snack you can take potato chips, biscuits, salted, nuts, olives, shrimps, cheese and fish snacks of smoked, dried and salted fish. You can also have sandwiches, cold and hot snacks in the beer bar.

You can find Express-Bars in the shopping centers, hotels and at the railway stations. Their aim is to serve the customers as quick as possible. They serve coffee and tea, sandwiches, baked items, pastry and milk products.

In the evening you can go to a Disco-bar. The halls in Disco-bars are specially decorated and have special devices producing light effects. People come to these bars to dance, to listen to the music, to see the performance and to have a good time. Disco-bars usually have the menu with snacks, sandwiches, cooling and mixed drinks. For dessert the guests can have ice cream and fresh fruit.

Act dialoges:

Good evening! I’m at your service. What can I do for you?
I’d like to have a drink before the meal. Can I have some aperitif cocktail? What would you recommend?
I’d recommend Martini.
Then one Martini and a pack of Marlboro, please.
Very good, sir! I’ll serve you in a moment. Here is your Martini and cigarettes.
Here is the money. Keep the change.
Thank you very much. Come again to our bar, please.

Good evening! I’m at your service. What can I do for you?
I’d like to have a drink before the meal. Can I have some aperitif cocktail? What would you recommend?
I’d recommend Martini.
Then one Martini and a pack of Marlboro, please.
Very good, sir! I’ll serve you in a moment. Here is your Martini and cigarettes.
Here is the money. Keep the change.
Thank you very much. Come again to our bar, please.

– Good evening! What would you like?

I’d like a cup of coffee and some pastry?
We’ve got a big choice of fancy-cakes, tarts and pies.
What drinks would you recommend for coffee?
For coffee we serve cognacs and liqueurs.
Then, coffee with liqueur and an apple pie, please.
Very good, here is your coffee and an apple pie!
Thank you!

– Goodevening! What would you like?

We’d like to have some aperitif cocktails and snacks
We have sandwiches with salmon and hard-smoked sausage, cheeseburgers, blini with caviar and grilled chicken.
What cocktails and wine would you recommend?
We have cocktails Martini and Cinzano, cognac, champagne, port, Madeira.
We’d like two sandwiches with caviar, three sandwiches with salmon, a bottle of champagne, two Martini and Coca Cola, please!
Here are your sandwiches and Coca Cola, please. Here is your champagne and cocktails. Good appetite!

Find 40 Kitchen Utensils and Appliances.

The words are hidden in the puzzle.

0-15: You are what you eat – so be careful! Your body works hard to get you through each day. And what does it get in return? An unhealthy diet loaded with fatty foods, like hot dogs and milk shakes and crunchy, cheesy things that come in big, noisy bags. You make your diet healthy or unhealthy by the choices you make at every meal. For what you answered above, you don’t really treat your body with the respect and moderation it deserves. There’s lots of room for improvement, and it will help you feel better.

16-30: You are what you eat – and it’s all pretty good. Of course, sandwiches, French fries and coke aren’t the best way to get healthy! But most of the time you treat your body with respect and moderation. Nevertheless, there’s still some room for improvement.

31-36: You are what you eat! – and it’s all good! You treat your body with respect and moderation. A healthy diet is packed with fruits and vegetables and grains like rice, pasta and bread. You ‘re definitely an A+ eater.

Tom goes to eat breakfast

Tom wants to eat breakfast. He goes to the restaurant. He is hungry. He orders a slice of pizza, a cup of tea and a carton of milk. The waiter asks Tom if he wants something else. Tom says, he wants a piece of cheese and a bowl of soup. Tom eats all his food and pays the bill. He is full now. He goes to work.

Vegetables: Unscramble the vocabulary words in the list below, then circle or highlight each of the matching words hidden in the rings of the puzzle.

abbegac____________

oarctr_____________

cipepreihlp__________

cuembcur___________

egnlagpt____________

iargcl______________

eingrg______________

muoroshm___________

nnioso______________

totpoa______________

kmpniup____________

tomtoa_____________

Chocolate is good for you

A study carried (1) ____ in Germany has found that chocolate may be good for your heart. This is fantastic news for all chocolate lovers. The extensive research was conducted (2) ____ eight years. The research team followed the chocolate-eating habits and health of almost 20,000 people. They compared how much chocolate was in their (3) ____ to the number of heart attacks and strokes people had. Lead researcher Brian Buijsse said: "The good news is that chocolate is not as bad as we used to think, and may even (4) ____ the risk of heart disease and stroke.” Mr Buijsse said his team found that dark chocolate was the healthiest kind to eat: "Dark chocolate (5) ____ the greatest effects, milk chocolate (6) ____, and white chocolate no effects," he said.

The German study showed that people who ate the most chocolate (at least one (7) ____ per week) reduced their risk of having a heart attack by 27 per cent. The risk of suffering a stroke was cut by as (8) ____ as 48 per cent. Nutrition experts believe that natural compounds in chocolate called flavonols are good for our heart. Flavonols also help reduce blood pressure. They are found in cocoa beans (9) ____ dark chocolate (which has more cocoa) contains more of them than milk chocolate (which has more fat). Buijsse warns people (10) ____ to suddenly eat lots of chocolate: "Eating higher amounts will most (11) ____ result in weight gain. If people start eating small amounts of chocolate, it should replace something else, (12) ____ other high-calorie sweets or snacks."

Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.

1.	(a) in	(b) on	(c) out	(d) up
2.	(a) under	(b) around	(c) above	(d) over
3.	(a) diet	(b) food	(c) weight	(d) nutrition
4.	(a) low	(b) lower	(c) lower	(d) lows
5.	(a) exhibition	(b) exhibits	(c) exhibited	(d) exhibit
6.	(a) fewer	(b) lower	(c) least	(d) last
7.	(a) par	(b) ear	(c) bar	(d) tar
8.	(a) more	(b) many	(c) most	(d) much
9.	(a) so	(b) as	(c) such	(d) should
10.	(a) now	(b) no	(c) not	(d) non
11.	(a) liked	(b) likely	(c) likelihood	(d) likes
12.	(a) prefer	(b) preference	(c) prefers	(d) preferably

Why are vitamins important?

A good, well-balanced diet is important for maintaining good health. We get most vitamins from food. If the food we eat doesn’t contain all the vitamins we need, we will probably develop a number of disorders.

The word “vitamin” was introduced by Casimir Funk, a Polish scientist, in 1912. The prefix “vita” comes from Latin and it means “life”. Later research showed that Funk was right in recognizing the importance of vitamins for life.

Scientists have discovered 13 different vitamins: A, B group, C, D, E, K etc.

Vitamin A prevents skin from drying out and it helps us see better in the dark. We can find it in fish oil, the yellow part of eggs (yolk), carrots and pumpkins.

Vitamin B-1 helps the heart and nervous system work properly. Without it we could not grow. It is found in nuts, meat, green vegetables.

Vitamin B-3 prevents a disease called pellagra. We can take this vitamin from meat, fish, cereals, dried beans and peas, nuts.

Vitamin B-12 prevents anemia. Good sources of vitamin B-12 are eggs, meat and milk products.

Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth and for healthy blood vessels. It also helps wounds heal faster. Food rich in vitamin C includes citrus fruits, tomatoes and raw cabbage.

Vitamin D is necessary for normal bone formation and it prevents a disease in children called rickets. We can find it in fish liver oil. Ultraviolet rays from the sun help the formation of this vitamin in our body.

Vitamin K is needed for the coagulation of blood. It is produced in our body but we can also find it in pork, liver, cabbage or spinach.

Find some names of foods mentioned in the text:

A C D P F L M

H L B E A N S

K L M A B D P

L I N V S T I

A V B Y U O N

T E P J T E A

Z R P O R K C

L K I T R D H

Factual Review:

Where do we get our vitamins from?
What vitamin do you need if you do not see well in the dark?
Where is vitamin-1 found?
Why is vitamin C important?
What vitamin can prevent rickets?
What vitamin can stop bleeding?

We
I
They
You

eat
cut
serve

soup
apples
salad
pasta
ice cream
cornflakes
oranges
fish
chicken with rice
cheese
fruit salad
bread

with
in
on

a spoon
a knife
a plate
a fork
a bowl

PHRASES OF QUANTITY

A bottle of
A glass of
A carton of
A cup of
A bowl of
A packet of
A slice of a loaf of
A tin of
A piece of
A bar of
A lump of

Milk
Tea
Bread
Cake
Rice
Loaf
Juice
Spaghetti
Chocolate
Ketchup
Sugar
Pineapples

3. Опора відкритого типу
My favourite vegetables are…………...
My favourite fruit are……………...

4. Часткові опори. Логіко-синтаксична схема
I like to eat out with my parents.
For starters we usually have………..
For main courses we often eat…………
For deserts we always take…………..
My favourite meal(s) is(are)……………..
My favourite drink(s) is(are)……………

………………………………….. ……………………………………….. ……………………………………………..

……………………………….. ……………………………………….. ...…………………………………..

……………………………….. ……………………………………….. ………………………………………..

…………………………………………….. ……………………………………………..

1. What is your favorite bread? – put the numbers from 1 (I love) to 8 (I dislike/hate).

croissant

tortilla

pizza bread

toast

fried bread

pita bread

white bread

brown bread

2. Complete with missing letters – kinds of bread.

_ult_ _ ra _ n br_ _ _

c _ i_p_ rea _

w_ it _ _ re_ d

ho_e - _ ad_ _rea_

ye_s_ c_ke

wh_ l _ me _l br_ _d

_ _own b_ea_

3. What kind of bread is it?

4. Work in pairs – ask and answer the questions.

What kind of bread do you like?

What is your favorite sandwich ?

Do you sometimes eat stale bread?

Can you make bread (with mom's/grandma's help)?

How often do you eat bread?

5. Write the names of the crops.

……….. ……… ……… ………. ………. ………….

6. Write what you see in the picture and draw other things you can find in a bakery.

CHICKEN white.bmp FIND THE VOCABULARY RELATED TO FOOD IN THE PUZZLE

RICE 1.bmp A

soup 2.png H

Cheese Wedge Happy Face Egg FOOD1

apple	chocolate	olive	rice
banana	cucumber	onion	salad
bread	fish	orange	soup
butter	garlic	pasta	strawberry
carrot	jam	peach	sugar
cauliflower	lemon	pear	tomato
cereals	lettuce	pepper	tuna
cheese	meat	pineapple	vinegar
cherry	mustard	potato	wine
chicken	oil	raisin	yoghurt

Словник


Kinds of Food
nourishing (adj.)	food that is nourishing makes you strong and healthy	поживна
nutritional value	the importance or usefulness food that help you to stay healthy	харчова цінність
cuisine	a particular style of cooking	кухня
famine	a situation in which a large number of people have little or	голод
	no food for a long time and many people die
gluttony	the bad habit of eating and drinking too much	обжерливість
fatty food	containing a lot of fat	жирна їжа
high/medium-fat	containing much or average amount of fat	вис./сер. жирності
fattening (adj.)	likely to make you fat	жирна
vegetarian	someone who does not eat meat or fish	вегетаріанець
vegan	someone who does not eat any animal products at all,	строгий
	such as meat, fish, eggs, cheese, or milk	вегетаріанець
potluck	a meal in which everyone who is invited brings something to eat	спільний стіл
	one of several natural substances that exist in food
protein	such as meat, eggs, and beans, and which your body	білок
	needs in order to grow and remain strong and healthy
a snack	a small amount of food that is eaten between main meals	легка закуска
	or instead of a meal
to have a snack	to eat a small amount of food	перекусити
to bite	to use your teeth to cut, crush, or chew something	кусати
to get a bite	to have a short meal	перекусити
to chew	to bite food several times before swallowing it	жувати
to consume	to eat or drink something	пити/їсти
to take in	to provide oneself with some extra food	запасатися
fast food	food such as hamburgers which is prepared quickly and	швидка їжа
	that you can take away with you
junk food	food that is not healthy, for example because it contains	нездорова їжа
	a lot of fat, sugar etc
ethnic food	food from countries that are far away, which seems	національні
	very different and unusual	страви
health food	food that contains only natural substances, and that is	здорова їжа
	good for your health
to be thirsty	to feel that you want or need a drink	бути спраглим
to starve	to suffer or die because you do not have enough to eat	голодати
to be fed up	to be annoyed or bored, and wanting something to change	бути ситим по горло
to gulp down	to swallow large quantities of food or drink quickly	жлуктати
to polish off	to finish food quickly or easily	швидко поїсти
take away food	if you buy food to take away, you buy cooked food from	їжа на винос
	a restaurant and take it outside to eat it somewhere else
meals-on-wheels	a service run by the government in Britain in which hot meals	доставка їжі бідним
	are taken to old or sick people in their homes	на дом
processed food	processed food has substances added to it before it is sold,	оброблена
	in order to preserve it, improve its colour etc


Shopping
confectionery	sweets, chocolates etc	солодощі
delicatessen	a shop that sells high quality cheeses, salads, meats etc	гастрономія
candy	a sweet food made from sugar or chocolate	цукерка
ice cream	a frozen sweet food made of milk, cream, and sugar, with fruit,	морозиво
	nuts, chocolate etc sometimes added to it
vanilla (adj.)	having the taste of vanilla	ванільний
chocolate bar	a small block of chocolate	шоколадка
baker's / bakery	a place where bread and cakes are baked, or a shop	булочна
	where they are sold
flour	a powder that is made by crushing wheat or other grain and	мука
	is used for making bread, cakes etc
biscuit	a small thin dry cake that is usually sweet and made for	печиво
	one person to eat
pastry	a mixture of flour, butter, and milk or water, used to make	тісто
	the outer part of baked foods such as pies
puff pastry	light pastry with a soft mixture inside	листкове тісто
roll	a small round loaf of bread for one person	булочка, рулет
scone	a small round cake, sometimes containing dried fruit,	коржик
	which is usually eaten with butter
shortbread	a hard, sweet biscuit made with a lot of butter	пісочне печиво
sponge cake	a light cake made from flour, sugar, butter and eggs	бісквіт
gingerbread	a heavy sweet cake or a biscuit with ginger in it	імбірний пряник
wholemeal bread	wholemeal bread uses all of the grain, including the outer layer	висівковий хліб
stale bread	bread or cake that is stale is no longer fresh or good to eat	черствий хліб
bun	a small round type of bread	булочка
buckwheat	a type of small grain used as food for chickens,	гречка
	and for making flour
beverage	a hot or cold drink	напій
beer	an alcoholic drink made from malt and hops	пиво
strawberry	a soft red juicy fruit with small seeds on its surface, or the plant	полуниця
	that grows this fruit
bean	a seed or a pod (=case containing seeds) , that comes from	боб
	a climbing plant and is cooked as food
wine	an alcoholic drink made from grapes, or a type of this drink	вино
cocktail	an alcoholic drink made from a mixture of different drinks	коктейль
eggnog	a drink made from eggs, sugar, milk, and alcohol,	напій зі збитих яєць
	usually drunk at Christmas
coffee	a hot dark brown drink that has a slightly bitter taste	кава
juice	the liquid that comes from fruit and vegetables, or a drink	сік
	that is made from this
alcoholic drinks	relating to alcohol or containing alcohol	алкогольні напої
soft drinks	a cold drink that does not contain alcohol	безалкогольні напої
greengrocery	a shop selling fruit and vegetables	овочевий магазин
fruit	something that grows on a plant, tree, or bush, can be eaten	фрукт
	as a food, contains seeds or a stone, and is usually sweet
vegetable	a plant that is eaten raw or cooked, such as a cabbage	овоч
apricot	a small round orange or yellow fruit that has a single large seed	абрикос
blackberry	a small black or purple berry from a bush that has thorns	смородина
cherry	a small round red or black fruit with a long thin stem and	вишня
	a stone in the middle
	the large brown seed of a tropical tree, which has a hard shell
coconut	containing white flesh that you can eat and a milky liquid	кокос
	that you can drink
currant	a small dried grape used especially in baking cakes	родзинка
grape	one of a number of small round green or purple fruits	виноград
	that grow together on a vine
lime	a small juicy green fruit with a sour taste	лайм
melon	a large round fruit with sweet juicy flesh	диня
orange	a round fruit that has a thick orange skin and is	апельсин
	divided into parts inside
peach	a round juicy fruit that has a soft yellow or red skin and a large,	персик
	hard seed in the centre, or the tree that this fruit grows on
pear	a sweet juicy fruit that has a round base and is thinner	груша
	near the top, or the tree that produces this fruit
pineapple	a large yellow-brown tropical fruit or its sweet juicy yellow flesh	ананас
plum	a small round juicy fruit which is dark red, purple, or yellow and	слива
	has a single hard seed, or the tree that produces this fruit
raspberry	a soft sweet red berry, or the bush that this berry grows on	малина
Brussels sprout	a small round green vegetable that looks like a small cabbage	брюсельська капуста
cabbage	a large round vegetable with thick green or purple leaves	капуста
carrot	a long pointed orange vegetable that grows under the ground	морква
cauliflower	a vegetable with green leaves around a firm white centre	цвітна капуста
celery	a vegetable with long pale green stems that you can eat cooked	сельдерей
	or uncooked
dill	a type of herb	кріп
garlic	a plant like a small onion, used in cooking to give a strong taste	часник
lettuce	a round vegetable with thin green leaves eaten raw in salads	салат-латук
radish	a small vegetable whose red or white root is eaten raw and	редис
	has a strong spicy taste
mushroom	one of several kinds of fungus with stems and round tops,	гриб
	some of which can be eaten
onion	a round white vegetable with a brown, red, or white skin	лук
	and many layers
paprika	a red powder made from a type of sweet pepper, used for	паприка
	giving a slightly hot taste to meat and other food
parsley	a curly-leaved herb, used in cooking or as decoration on food	петрушка
pea	a round green seed that is cooked and eaten as a vegetable,	горошок
	or the plant on which these seeds grow
spinach	a vegetable with large dark green leaves	шпінат
squash	one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and	гарбуз
	hard skins, such as pumpkins
butcher's	a shop where you can buy meat	м’ясний магазин
frozen food	frozen food has been stored at a very low temperature	заморожена їжа
	in order to preserve it
veal	the meat of a calf (=a young cow)	телятина
venison	the meat of a deer	оленина
meat	the flesh of animals and birds eaten as food	м’ясо
poultry	meat from birds such as chickens and ducks	птиця
beef	the meat from a cow	яловичина
chicken	the meat from this bird eaten as food	курятина
duck	the meat of a duck used as food	утятина
goose	the cooked meat of this bird	гусятина
ham	the upper part of a pig's leg, or the meat from this that has been	окорок
	preserved with salt or smoke
kidney	one of the two organs in animals lower back used as food	нирка
lamb	the meat of a young sheep	молода баранина
liver	a large organ in animals body used as food	печінка
pork	the meat from pigs	свинина
lard	white fat from pigs that is used in cooking	сало
turkey	the meat from a turkey eaten as food	індичатина
fishmonger's	a shop that sells fish	рибний магазин
seafood	animals from the sea that you can eat, for example shellfish	морепродукти
cod	the white flesh of a cod, eaten as food	тріска
haddock	a fish that lives in northern seas and is often used as food	пікша
herring	a long thin silver sea fish that can be eaten	сельдь
mackerel	a sea fish that has oily flesh and a strong taste	скумбрія
oysters	a type of shellfish that can be eaten cooked or uncooked,	устриця
	and that produces a jewel called a pearl
prawn	a small pink shellfish that can be eaten	креветка
shrimp	a small sea creature that you can eat, which has ten legs	креветка
	and a soft shell
salmon	a large fish with silver skin and pink flesh that lives in the sea	лосось
	but swims up rivers to lay its eggs and is often eaten as food
trout	a common river-fish, often used for food, or the flesh of this fish	форель
tuna	a large sea fish caught for food	тунець
lobster	a sea animal with eight legs, a shell, and two large claws	лобстер
dairy products	milk, butter, cheese etc	молочні продукти
cottage cheese	soft white cheese made from sour milk	сир (творог)
cream cheese	a type of soft white smooth cheese	вершковий сир
skim (med) milk	milk that has had all the fat and cream removed from it	знежирене молоко
yoghurt	a thick liquid food that tastes slightly sour and is made from	йогурт
	milk, or an amount of this food
sour cream	cream that has been made thicker by adding a type of bacteria	кисле молоко
margarine	a yellow substance similar to butter but made from vegetable	маргарин
	or animal fats, which you eat with bread or use for cooking


Restaurant
menu	a list of all the kinds of food that are available for a meal	меню
a la carte	if food is à la carte, each dish has a separate price	порційна
starter	a small amount of food eaten at the start of a meal before	закуска
	the main part
appetizer	a small dish that you eat at the beginning of a meal	закуска
main course	the main part of a meal	основні страви
dessert	sweet food served after the main part of a meal	десерт
tasty	food that is tasty has a good taste, but is not sweet	смачна
appetite	a desire for food	апетит
aftertaste	a taste that stays in your mouth after you have eaten	привкус
	or drunk something
delicious	very pleasant to taste or smell	дуже смачна
dish	food cooked or prepared in a particular way as a meal	страва
high tea	a meal of cold food, cakes etc eaten in the early evening	вечеря
regular meals	meals with the same amount of time in between	регулярне харчування
lunch	a meal eaten in the middle of the day	другий сніданок
headwaiter	the person in charge of a group of waiters	метрдотель
to order	to ask for food or a drink in a restaurant, bar etc	замовити
to serve	to give someone food or drink, especially as part of a meal or	обслуговувати
	in a restaurant, bar etc
to have a second	to have the second amount of food that someone gives you	мати добавку
helping	or that you take
to help oneself	to offer sb taking some of what they want, without	пропонувати
to sth	asking permission - used especially when offering food
diner	someone who is eating	той, хто їсть
to eat out	to eat in a restaurant instead of at home	їсти не вдома
to go Dutch	to share the cost of a meal in a restaurant	ділити витрати
chef	a skilled cook, especially the main cook in a hotel or restaurant	шеф-повар


Cooking & Diet
to be on a diet	to have a limited range and amount of food that you eat	бути на дієті
	when you want to get thinner
to slave over	to cook very hard with little time to rest	багато готувати
a hot stove
bacon and eggs	eggs fried in a pan with bacon (usually eaten for breakfast)	яєчня з беконом
barbecue	a meal or party during which food is cooked on a metal frame	шашлики
	over a fire and eaten outdoors
meat loaf	meat that has been cut into very small pieces,	буженина
	pressed together, and baked
sausage	a small tube of skin filled with a mixture of meat, spices etc,	сосиска
	eaten hot or cold after it has been cooked
yolk	the yellow part in the centre of an egg	жовток
steak	good quality beef, or a large thick piece of any	вирізка
	good quality red meat
to season	to add salt, pepper etc to food you are cooking	заправляти
to stuff	to fill a chicken, pepper etc with a mixture of bread or rice,	шпигувати
	onion etc before cooking it
to whip	to mix cream or the clear part of an egg very hard	збивати
	until it becomes stiff
to marinate	to put meat or fish in a marinade, or to be left in	маринувати
	a marinade for some time
to grate	to rub cheese, vegetables etc against a rough or sharp surface	терти
	in order to break them into small pieces
seasoning	salt, pepper, spices etc that give food a more interesting taste	приправи
condiment	a powder or liquid, such as salt or ketchup, that you use	приправа
	to give a special taste to food
sauce	a thick cooked liquid that is served with food to give it	соус
	a particular taste
jacket potato	a potato baked with its skin on	запечена картопля
ravioli	small pasta squares filled with meat or cheese	пельмені равіолі
dough	a mixture of flour and water ready to be baked into	тісто
	bread, pastry etc
doughnut	a small round cake, often in the form of a ring	пончик
batter	a mixture of flour, eggs, milk etc, used in cooking	рідке тісто
	and for making bread, cakes etc
cereal	a breakfast food made from grain and usually eaten with milk	каша
noodles	long thin pieces of food made from a mixture of flour, water,	локшина
	and eggs, usually cooked in soup or boiling water
pasta	an Italian food made from flour, eggs, and water	паста (макаронні
	and cut into various shapes, usually eaten with a sauce	вироби)
macaroni	a type of pasta in the shape of small tubes	макарони
tart	a pie without a top on it, containing something sweet	тістечко
apple-pie	apples baked inside a pastry covering	яблучний пиріг
toast	bread that has been heated so that it is brown on both sides	тост
	and no longer soft
pizza	a food made of thin flat round bread, baked with tomato,	піца
	cheese, and sometimes vegetables or meat on top
hamburger	a flat round piece of finely cut beef which is cooked	гамбургер
	and eaten in a bread bun
submarine	growing under the sea	водорості
sandwich	two pieces of bread with cheese, meat, vegetables,	бутерброд
	cooked egg, etc between them
pudding	a hot/cold sweet dish, made from cake, rice, bread etc	пудінг
	with fruit, milk or other sweet things added
pancake	a thin flat round cake made from flour, milk, and eggs,	млинець
	that has been cooked in a flat pan and is eaten hot
to bake	to cook something using dry heat, in an oven	пекти
to blend	to thoroughly mix together soft or liquid substances	перемішувати
	to form a single smooth substance
to boil	to cook something in boiling water	варити
to casserole	to cook food in a casserole (a deep covered dish used for	запікати
	cooking food in an oven)
to stew	to cook something slowly in liquid	тушкувати
to chop	to cut something into smaller pieces	нарізати
to cook	to prepare food for eating by using heat	готувати
	if you grill something, or if it grills, you cook it by putting it
to grill	on a flat metal frame with bars across it,	підсмажити
	above or below strong direct heat
to mash	to crush food that has been cooked until it is soft and smooth	м’яти
to peel	to remove the skin from fruit or vegetables	обчищати
to roast	to cook something, such as meat, in an oven or over a fire,	смажити
	or to cook in this way
to simmer	to boil gently, or to cook something slowly by boiling it gently	проварювати
to steam	to cook something in steam (the hot mist that water produces	пропарювати
	when it is boiled)
dressing	a mixture of liquids, usually oil and vinegar,	приправа
	that you put on salad or raw vegetables
gravy	a sauce made from the juice that comes from meat	підлива
	as it cooks, mixed with flour and water
mayonnaise	a thick white sauce, made of raw egg yolks and oil,	майонез
	often eaten on sandwiches or salad
mustard	a yellow sauce with a strong taste, eaten especially with meat	гірчиця
catsup/ketchup	a thick cold red tomato sauce that you put on food	кетчуп
herbs	small plants that are used to improve the taste of food	трави
spices	a type of powder or seed, taken from plants, that you	спеції
	put into food you are cooking to give it a special taste
spicy	food that is spicy has a pleasantly strong taste,	гостра
	and gives you a pleasant burning feeling in your mouth
pepper	a powder that is used to add a hot taste to food	перець
chilli	a small thin red or green pepper with a very strong hot taste	перець чілі
cinnamon	a sweet-smelling brown substance used for giving	кориця
	a special taste to cakes and other sweet foods
curry	a spicy Indian sauce	карі
ginger	a root with a very strong hot taste, or the powder made	імбир
	from this root, that is used in cooking
nutmeg	a brown powder made from the seed of a tropical tree,	мускат
	which is used as a spice
vinegar	a sour-tasting liquid made from malt or wine that is used	оцет
	to improve the taste of food or to preserve it
cookery book	a book that tells you how to prepare and cook food	куховарська книга
edible	can be eaten	їстівний
eatable	in a good enough condition to be eaten	їстівний
deep fried	cooked under the surface of hot fat or oil	смажений в олії
overcook	to cook food for too long	переготувати
undercook	to cook food for not long enough	недоготувати
rare / medium /	meat that is rare has only been cooked for a short time and	недоготоване /
well done	is still red / meat that is medium or medium rare is	майже готове /
	partly cooked but still slightly pink inside / meat that is well-done	готове
	has been cooked thoroughly
hard-boiled eggs	a hard-boiled egg has been boiled until it becomes solid	круто зварені яйця
soft-boiled eggs	an egg that is soft-boiled is boiled long enough for the white part	рідко зварені яйця
	to become solid, but the yellow part in the centre is still liquid
scrambled eggs	eggs cooked in a pan after the white and yellow parts	яєчня, омлет
	have been mixed together
hot	food that tastes hot has a burning taste because it contains	гостра
	strong spices
ingredient	one of the foods that you use to make a particular food or dish	інгридієнт
recipe	a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food	рецепт
bitter	having a sharp strong taste like black coffee without sugar	гіркий
sour	having a sharp acid taste, like the taste of a lemon or a fruit	кислий
	that is not ready to be eaten
sweet	containing or having a taste like sugar	солодкий


Kitchen
dishwasher	a machine that washes dishes	посудомийка
sink	a large open container that you fill with water and use for	мийка
	washing yourself, washing dishes etc
dishcloth	a cloth used for washing dishes	тряпка для посуду
food processor	a piece of electrical equipment used to prepare food by	електричний
	cutting and mixing it	комбайн
fridge	a large piece of electrical kitchen equipment, used for	холодильник
	keeping food and drinks cool
freezer	a large piece of electrical kitchen equipment in which food	морозильна камера
	can be stored at very low temperatures for a long time
bin	a container for putting waste in	відро для сміття
microwave oven	a type of oven that cooks food very quickly using very short	мікрохвильова піч
	electric waves instead of heat
tin opener	a tool for opening tins of food	консервний ніж
corkscrew	a tool made of twisted metal that you use to pull a cork	штопор
	out of a bottle
chopping board	a large piece of wood or plastic that you cut meat or	дошка для
	vegetables on when you are cooking	нарізання
breadboard	a wooden board on which you cut bread	дошка для
casserole dish	a deep covered dish used for cooking food in an oven	нарізання хліба
saucepan	a deep round metal container with a handle that is	каструля
	used for cooking
frying pan	a round flat pan with a long handle, used for frying food	сковорода
grater	a tool used for grating food	терка
carving knife	a large knife used for cutting large pieces of meat	ніж для м’яса
meat/coffee grinder	a machine that cuts meat into very small pieces by forcing it	м’ясорубка
	through small holes/a small machine that crushes coffee beans	кофемолка
electric deep fryer	an electric big deep pan for frying food	фритюрниця
peeler	a knife for removing the skin from fruit or vegetables	ніж для чищення
food mixer	a piece of equipment used to mix food	міксер
kettle	a container with a lid, a handle, and a spout, used for	чайник
	boiling and pouring water
teapot	a container for making and serving tea, which has	чайник для заварки
	a handle and a spout
blender	an electric machine that you use to mix liquids and	блендер
	soft foods together
garlic press	a tool used to crush garlic	часникочавилка
stool	a seat that has three or four legs, but no back or arms	табурет

British English	American English	Переклад
crisp	chips (potato)	чіпси
pub	bar, tavern	паб / бар
grilled	broiled	смажена
sweets	candies	цукерки
porridge	oatmeal	каша
a bill	a check (in a restaurant)	рахунок
biscuits	cookies	печиво
maize	corn	кукурудза
aubergine	egg-plant	баклажан
chips	French fries	картопля-фрі
dessert trolley	dessert cart	корзинка
wash up	wash dishes	мити посуд
cooker	stove	плита
chopping board	chopping block	дошка для нарізання
measuring jug	measuring cup	мірний посуд
kettle	tea kettle	чайник
tea towel	dish cloth	рушник для посуду
can - for drinks	can for both	банка
tin - for food
joint	roast	шматок м’яса
minced beef / mince	hamburger / ground beef	нарізка
toasted	grilled	підсмажена
prawn	shrimp	креветка
marrow	squash	серцевина
courgettes	zucchini	кабачки
beetroot	beet	свекла
chinese leaves	bok choy
spring onions	green onions	зелена цибуля
treacle	syrup	сироп
spirits	liquor	спиртне
off-licence / wine merchant	liqour store	алкогольний магазин
litre	liter	літр
barman	bartender	бармен


Do	Make
	dinner / tea / coffee / ornlette / a sandwich
the cooking	made of
to a turn	made from
	made with
	reservation