Презентація "Визначні місця Великої Британії"

Interesting place in UK

Millennium Bridge. The bridge crosses the River Thames. Construction began in 1998. Construction was completed in 2000, ie the bridge is relatively new. About £ 18.2 million was spent on its construction. (With a budget of 2.2 million). Interestingly, two days later the bridge was closed and repaired because the engineer made a mistake, and this mistake could be fatal. The length of the bridge is 370 meters. At its inauguration, in addition to Queen Elizabeth II, there were about 90,000 people. People felt unwell, and some even lost their balance. The bridge was urgently transferred to a special mode of visitation, as resonant phenomena could lead to the destruction of the structure. But limiting the number of people present on the bridge at the same time led to queues, and 2 days later it was decided to close the bridge for reconstruction.ppt_xppt_x

Тower of London. A fortress built on the north bank of the River Thames, the historic center of London. One of the oldest historic buildings in Britain, which has long served as the residence of English monarchs. Today, the Tower is both a historical monument and a museum included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The foundation of the Tower is attributed to the Roman Emperor Claudius. Then it was a wooden fort built on the southeast corner of the old Roman wall. After the Norman conquest of England, William I began to build defensive castles. The Tower became one of the largest. The wooden fort was replaced by a stone building - the Great Tower, which was a quadrangular structure, measuring 32 by 36 meters, about 30 meters high. When the new King of England later ordered the building to be whitewashed, it was renamed the White Tower, or White Tower. Later, several more towers of different heights and two rows of strong fortress walls were built.

Windsor Castle. Windsor Castle is a royal palace in England dating back to the Norman Conquest of England. Today, the castle is the official residence of British monarchs in Windsor (Berkshire) on the Thames. Among all European castles is determined by the longest history of settlement - since the era of Henry I. The castle itself is a place of historical events. During the First Baron's War (1215-17), Windsor Castle survived the siege by the barons; during the Civil War in England (1642-1646) - the headquarters of Parliament. The complex of Windsor Castle, located on a five-hectare square, includes fortifications, a palace and a town. As the palace was completed in stages, it combines different architectural styles: Georgian, Victorian and Gothic. The castle was reconstructed after the 1992 fire.

The history of the castle, which was prepared for a long and glorious existence, began in the 11th century, during the reign of William the Conqueror. It was this Duke of Normandy, who received the title of King of England, ordered the construction of several castles to protect the approaches to London. The distance between these outposts and the capital at that time had to be covered in less than a day, so that the messengers had time to warn the royal army of the enemy's invasion. A steep limestone hill was chosen for the construction of the fortress, which later became Windsor Castle, on which the first wooden building was built in 1070. Forty years later, the youngest son of William the Conqueror, King Henry I significantly expanded the existing fortress, but the first royal stone apartments appeared only during the reign of Henry II of Anjou, in the middle of the 12th century. The royal house was then built on the north side of the top of the hill, which could not be attacked from the river. To this day, this castle has not survived, later on its foundation were built Honorary Chambers. After the death of Henry II, Windsor Castle continued to be fortified and rebuilt, resulting in a stone wall around the castle, stretching on three sides of the hill for 800 meters. Around 20 towers were erected along the perimeter of the wall, some of which have survived to this day. Such a powerful defense of the castle allowed King John the Landless to hide behind its walls during a conflict with the barons loyal to his brother, King Richard the Lionheart.