Ковельський район

Ковельська міська територіальна громада

Ліцей імені Олени Пчілки м. Ковеля

Номінація “Англійська мова”

Спецкурс “Література Англії періоду

500 – 1900 рр”

( збірник текстів у форматі

USE OF ENGLISH )

автор: Бурим Н.В.

2023 рік

Ковельський район

Ковельська міська територіальна громада

Ліцей імені Олени Пчілки м. Ковеля

Номінація “Англійська мова”

Спецкурс “Література Англії періоду

500 – 1900 рр”

( збірник текстів у форматі

USE OF ENGLISH )

автор: Бурим Н.В.

2023 рік

УДК 821.111

Сп-71

Бурим Н.В. Спецкурс “Література Англії періоду 500 – 1900 рр” (збірник текстів у форматі Use of English)-Ковель, 2023 - 44 с.

Бурим Н.В. вчитель англійської мови Ліцею імені Олени Пчілки м.Ковеля, спеціаліст вищої кваліфікаційної категорії, “старший учитель”

Анотація

До цього збірника увійшли тексти із комплексними завданнями у форматі Use of English (використання мови) для розвитку комунікативних умінь та визначення рівня сформованості читацької компетенції, та використання лексичних та граматичних одиниць англійської мови в писемному спілкуванні. Мета роботи – сприяти формуванню соціокультурної та комунікативної компетентностей учнів під час вивчення курсу “English Literature”. Тексти дають короткий опис біографій відомих представників літератури Великобританії та їх творів періоду 500-1900 рр.

Матеріали рекомендовані для практичного використання в роботі вчителів англійської мови, що викладають спецкурс “English Literature” для учнів старших класів за програмою поглибленого вивчення та готують їх до державної підсумкової атестації та зовнішнього незалежного оцінювання з предмета .

Рецензент:      учитель-методист англійської мови                    О.І. Вальчук

Схвалено методичною радою Ліцею імені Олени Пчілки

Протокол від 07.02.2023      № 3

Схвалено науково-методичною радою ЦПРПП м. Ковеля

Протокол від _____________ №_______

Contents

Introduction………………………………….………………………………...….. 5

Tests………………………………………………………………….………….….6

Test 1. Old English literature (500-1100)……………………………………….6

Test 2. British poetry ……………………………………………………...……7

Test 3. “Beowulf”.................................................................................................8

Test 4. Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Canterbury Tales”...........................................9

Test 5. The Middle English Period (1100–1485). Folk Songs and

Ballads………………………………………………………………...…….10

Test 6. Sir Thomas Malory, “The Death of Arthur”...........................................11

Test 7. Thomas More and His “Utopia” ……………………………………...12

Test 8. William Shakespeare …………………………………………….…….13

Test 9. John Milton “ Paradise Lost ”.............................................................15

Test 10. Enlightenment in English Literature. Daniel Defoe and his

“Robinson Crusoe”.........................................................................................16

Test 11. Jonathan Swift and his “Gulliver’s Travels”.........................................17

Test 12. Robert Burns …………………………………………………………19

Test 13. Romantic Movement. George Gordon Byron ………………………..20

Test 14. Jane Austin “The Pride and Prejudice”................................................21

Test 15. Walter Scott and his historical novels ………………………………..23

Test 16. English literature in the Victorian period …………………………….24

Test 17. Charles Dickens and his works ………………………………………25

Test 18. W. Thackeray and his “Vanity Fair”...................................................27

Test 19. Charlotte Bronte and her Novel “Jane Eyre” ……………………...…28

Test 20. T. Hardy and his works ………………………………………………30 Test 21. Robert Louis Stevenson and his “Treasure Island”..............................31

Test 22. Rudyard Kipling and his “Jungle Book” …………………………....33 Test 23. Arthur Conan Doyle — the Famous Detective Writer. “The Hound Of

The Baskervilles”.........................................................................................34

Test 24. Oscar Wilde ………………………………………………………….36

Keys ...………………………………………………………………………….....38

References…………………………………………….…………………………..42

Introduction

Language and Literature courses aim to inspire, challenge and motivate every student, no matter what their level of language ability is. The main goal of studying English literature is to attract students to the highest national and human spiritual values, to form communicative and literary competences through the use of extract-based texts and questions in the assessment of the 19th-century novel and the Shakespeare plays.

The texts, presented in this collection, are likely to develop students’ critical reading and comprehension together with practising their vocabulary and grammar skills. They will improve the ability of students to predict a certain development of events, creatively interpret the information obtained through reading, learning not only the actual content of a literary work, but also the subtext and ideological idea, encourage them to take an active position in the learning process, model and discuss life situations.

These texts might be used in the course “English Literature” while presenting different periods and most prominent authors as well as preparing students for taking tests or exams as the tasks to the texts are created in the USE OF ENGLISH form. QR codes might help as they give links to further information about the author or their works.

Providing a skill-based approach to the study of English and English literature gives students a grounding in a wide variety of literature that will stay with them for life.

1

Old English literature (500-1100)

English literature 1)........ as Old English poetry and prose written in the various dialects of Old English. This language 2).......from Europe by the Germanic tribes of the Angles, the Jutes, and 3)....... Saxons who overran England in the 5th century. They also brought a poetic tradition that remained 4)...... constant until the conquest by Norman-French invaders in 1066. Another important historic event that influenced the 5)....... of English national literature was the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity, which St. Augustine of Canterbury started in 597. So, English literature began through the 6)..... influence of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the Christian church.

Old English poetry, brought by the Anglo-Saxons, was alliterative, i.e. without rhyme, using words that begin with the same sound, though it had internal rhyme, in which a word within a line rhymes with a word at the end of the line. Old English poetry heavily relied 7)...... kennings (elaborate descriptive phrases). Such poems, usually 8)...... a real or imaginary hero, tried to teach the values of 9)...... and generosity, were delivered orally, i.e. chanted by a bard with harp or drum 10)...... .

	A	B	C	D
1	have started	started	start	was started
2	was brought	bring	were brought	brought
3	the	-	a	an
4	relative	relatives	relate	relatively
5	formation	form	formal	forming
6	combines	combine	combined	combining
7	in	upon	of	off
8	glorifying	glorify	glorified	was glorifying
9	brave	bravery	bravely	braver
10	accompany	accompaniments	company	accompaniment

2

British poetry

The first major work of English literature and the 1)...... surviving epic poem is "Beowulf" (c. 700), which recounts the 2)........ battles with mythical foes such as the man-eating Grendel and his mother. The heroic tradition 3)...... in "The Battle of Maldon" written soon after 991, which glorifies heroic values of courage in defeat.

After about 750, poetry 4)..... in Northumbria, an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the north. There, poets wrote verses about the lives and hardships of saints. The leading Northumbrian poet was Cynewulf. Several works are attributed 5)...... him, including the religious poems "The Fates of the Apostles" and "Elene" elegies, written before 940, which express the sense of 6)..... in exile and an inflexible

Fate.

Due to 7)..... oral form, much poetry 8)...... . What remains owes its survival to monastic scribes who favoured verse with a Christian motivation or flavour. Such was one of the 9)...... attributed short poems praising God, "Caedmon's Hymn", which consists of nine lines, and was written by Caedmon, the herder. He was the first English poet known by name, who lived during 10)..... and reputedly was inspired to sing about the Creation.

	A	B	C	D
1	greatest	greater	great	greattest
2	hero	heroes	hero's	heroes’s
3	was continued	continued	were continued	had continued
4	had flourished	was flourished	flourish	flourished
5	by	for	in	to
6	lonely	loneliness	lone	alone
7	its	it	their	her
8	has lost	lost	has been lost	had lost
9	most early	early	earlier	earliest
10	the 600s	the 600	600's	600

3

“Beowulf”

Beowulf is an epic poem written in the Anglo-Saxon language in the eighth century. The poem is the oldest 1)..... epic in English literature.

Part history and part mythology, the long narrative poem, which was written in

England, 2)....... the story of a great Scandinavian fifth century warrior, Beowulf, whose fame 'far flew the boast of him'.

	A	B	C	D
1	survive	surviving	was surviving	survived
2	relates	says	talks	speaks
3	originates	comes	dates	flies
4	borders	sides	edges	rims
5	late	lately	later	latest
6	to	at	in	from

The only surviving manuscript 3)......... to around 1010. This manuscript fortunately survived a disastrous fire when Beowulf was rescued along with other manuscripts, but its 4)...... were badly scorched. It is now contained in the British Library in London.

The story related in the poem occured in the 5)...... fifth century, during the century after the Anglo-Saxons had begun to arrive 6)..........England, and tells of how for many years a monster by the name of Grendel has terrorised the hall, Heorot, of the Danish king, Hrothgar and his wife Wealhþeow. The monster descends at nightfall, while Hrothgar's court are sleeping, to feed on his retainers.

Beowulf sails from his home in Geatland to aid the Danes and 7)......... in killing the monster, tearing its arm from its body, and is celebrated as a hero. However, Grendel's mother arrives determined to avenge her son's death and kills one of Beowulf's warriors. After 8)......... her to her lair under an eerie lake, Beowulf defeats Grendel's mother with the sword Hrunting.

He returns home to his own people, where he eventually 9)....... his father's throne. Fifty years later, Beowulf sustains mortal wounds in a last conflict with a dragon. The funerals, described near the beginning and at the end of the poem,

10)......... by archaeological discoveries.

7	fulfils	succeeds	achieves	accomplishes
8	tracking	track	tracking	tracks
9	gets	finds	receives	inherits
10	have confirmed	have been confirmed	confirmed	was confirmed

Test 4

Geoffrey Chaucer “The Canterbury Tales”

The Canterbury Tales (Middle English: Tales of Caunterbury) is a 1)........of twenty-four stories that runs to over 17,000 lines written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer 2)........ 1387 and 1400. It is widely regarded as Chaucer's masterpiece. The tales (mostly 3)....... in verse, although some are in prose) are presented as part of a

story-telling 4)....... by a group of pilgrims as they travel together from London to Canterbury to visit the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral. The prize for this contest is a free meal at the Tabard Inn at Southwark on their return.

It 5)..........that the greatest contribution of The Canterbury Tales to English literature was the popularisation of English in mainstream literature, as opposed to French, Italian or Latin.

6)........some readers interpret the characters of The Canterbury Tales as historical figures, other readers choose to interpret its significance in 7)...... literal terms. After analysis of Chaucer's diction and 8)....... context, his work appears to develop a critique of society during his lifetime. Within a number of his descriptions, his comments can appear complimentary in nature, but through clever language, the statements are ultimately critical of the pilgrim's actions. It is unclear whether Chaucer would intend the reader to link his characters with actual 9)..... . Instead, it appears that Chaucer 10)....... fictional characters to be general representations of people in such fields of work. With an understanding of mediaeval society, one can detect subtle satire at work.

	A	B	C	D
1	collect	collected	collection	collecting
2	between	in	for	untill
3	was written	written	writing	had been written
4	competition	tournament	final	contest
5	has suggested	has been suggested	suggested	suggest
6	Before	While	As soon as	If
7	little	least	less	a little
8	historical	historic	history	historicals
9	person	person’s	persons’	persons
10	was created	created	had created	creates

Test 5 The Middle English Period (1100–1485) Folk Songs and Ballads

During the Anglo-Saxon 1)...... feudal culture was highly developed. Tales in verse and lyrical poems praised the bravery of noble knights, their heroic deeds, and chivalrous attitude to ladies. Many stories 2)....... from old French sources. Romances were based on Celtic legends about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. The heroes of these romances were human beings who loved, hated and suffered. They worshipped their fair ladies. 3).......Arthur, a historical character and the national hero of the Celts, 4)....... as an ideal feudal king endowed with all the virtues of a hero.

Folk songs and ballads 5)........ in England and Scotland in the 15^th century. They were very popular. They were heard everywhere and they were sung by minstrels. They are short poems usually set to a melody. They were 6)........ songs, wedding songs and lyrical-epic poems accompanied by musical instruments. The ballads were 7)...... into 3 groups: historical based on historical facts, heroic about people who were 8)..... by the law; and romantic.

Robin Hood ballads number 40 ballads. They were written at various times (the 14 -15^th centuries). They tell us about the favourite hero, partly historical, partly legendary. Robin Hood was an 9)...... . He lived in Sherwood Forest. He was clever, kind 10).... the poor, brave in fighting, and loyal in friendship. He was the soul of common people. Robin Hood Day is in May in Scotland.

	A	B	C	D
1	times	period	century	decade
2	came	was coming	has come	had come
3	The King	King’s	King	The King’s
4	describe	was described	described	had described
5	grew	lived	popularised	flourished
6	harvests	harvest	harvesting	harvested
7	made	consisted	divided	included
8	persecuted	followed	prosecuted	arrested
9	lawman	owner	outlaw	executive
10	for	to	as	in

Test 6 Sir Thomas Malory “The Death of Arthur”

Thomas Malory’s Le Morte Darthur (The Death of Arthur), which describes the legendary court of King Arthur, is one of the great explorations of the culture of chivalry. It 1)...... a world of courtesy, duty and obligation, but it also exposes the dark underbelly of this same culture.

The authorship of the text is not entirely secure, but 2)....... largely agree that the author was likely to have been Thomas Malory of Newbold Revel (1416–1471), who in later life became something of a career criminal – he was 3)...... of theft, rape, cattle-rustling,horse-stealing and attempted murder. He was imprisoned several times and escaped twice – once by swimming the moat of the house in which he 4)......... . Malory lived during a series of civil wars – the Wars of the Roses (1455–85) – and in 1468 he was imprisoned again after 5)...... in a plot against the new king, Edward IV. He seems to have been sent to 6)...... Tower of London, where he lived in some comfort and had access to a library. It was there that he wrote Le Morte Darthur. In the work, he described himself as ‘Knyght presoner Thomas Malleorre’.

The text tells the story of King Arthur, Queen Guinevere and the Knights of the

Round Table, 7)....... their quest for the Holy Grail and Arthur’s eventual death.

The Holy Grail was believed to be the cup from 8)........ Jesus drank at the Last Supper and it was thought to have magical powers.

Malory died five months after his 9)...... from prison in October 1470 on the accession of King Henry VI. Yet his text lived on. It 10)...... by generations of readers ever since.

	A	B	C	D
1	tells	represents	depicts	displays
2	scientists	scholars	writers	physicists
3	accused	charged	arrested	taken
4	detained	were detained	had detained	was being detained
5	got involved	getting involved	involved	having involved
6	-	a	the	that
7	described	was describing	is described	describing
8	who	which	that	where
9	release	leave	escape	getaway
10	was read	has read	has been read	will read

Test 7

Thomas More and His “Utopia”

Sir Thomas More was the first person to use the term “utopia,” describing an ideal, 1)...... world in his most famous work of fiction. His book describes a complex 2)...... on an island, in which people share a common culture and way of life. At its heart, the book poses the 3)...... of whether there could ever be such a thing as a “perfect” world and served as a platform to highlight the chaos of European politics at the time.

The book, 4)...... in 1516, is More’s attempt to suggest ways to improve European society, using “Utopia” as an example. More was a major figure of the English Renaissance who 5)...... deeply about the moral and political responsibilities of individuals. He eventually rose to one of the highest offices in the land, and, as chancellor of England in 1529, came up 6)....... his own king with disastrous consequences. He was convicted of treason and was imprisoned in the Tower of London. He was sentenced to be hanged, drawn, or quartered, the usual 7)....... for traitors, but the king commuted this to execution by decapitation. While on the scaffold, he declared that he died, “The king’s good servant, and God’s first”.

The society depicted in Utopia differs from the European society that Thomas More 8)....... in at the time, one rife with intrigue, corruption and mired by scandal. The author’s experience with politics in his time and the Utopia that he invented demonstrates this contrasting 9)......: Utopia is communal, allowing its people to easily meet their needs, while European society is described as a place where, “Idle monarchs and nobles seek to 10)........ their own wealth and power at the expense of the people, who are left in poverty and misery”. Clearly dissatisfied with the world he was living in, More sought to create a different place altogether on the page—a world free of the hierarchies that ultimately cost the author his life.

	A	B	C	D
1	imaginary	imagine	imagined	image
2	communal	crowd	group	community
3	threat	question	danger	risk
4	was written	written	wrote	has been written
5	had cared	cares	cared	was caring
6	against	with	for	of
7	praise	penalty	offence	punishment
8	lives	was living	has lived	had lived
9	relation	relative	relationship	related
10	increase	decrease	reduce	improve

Test 8 William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor. He was born on 26 April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His father was a successful local businessman and his mother was the daughter of a landowner. Shakespeare is widely 1)………… as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called 2)……….. national poet and nicknamed the Bard of Avon. He wrote about 37 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and 3)………....other verses, of which the authorship of some is uncertain. His plays 4)……………… into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.

Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway at the age of 18. She was eight years older than him. They had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. After his marriage information about his life became very rare. But he is thought 5)………… most of his time in London writing and 6)………… in his plays. Between 1585 and

1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part-owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men.

Around 1613, at the age of 49, he retired to Stratford , where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life have survived. He died on 23 April 1616, at the age of 52. He died within a month of signing his will, a document which he began by describing himself as being in "perfect health". In his will, Shakespeare left the bulk of his large estate to his 7)………… daughter Susanna.

Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and remain as some of the best work produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, which are considered to be some of the finest works in 8)………… English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also 9)……… as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights.

Shakespeare's plays remain highly 10)……… today and are constantly studied, performed, and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.

	A	B	C	D
1	regarding	regarded	regard	regardless
2	English	England	Englishness	England's
3	a few	a little	little	few
4	translated	have been translated	have translated	are translated
5	to have spent	have spent	spent	spend
6	perform	performed	performing	are performing
7	older	elder	old	oldest
8	-	an	a	the
9	known	know	knows	knew
10	popularity	more popular	popular	most popular

Test 9 John Milton “ Paradise Lost ”

John Milton,the 17th-century English poet, was the son of John Milton the elder, a scrivener and composer of music. He 1)..... at St Paul's School and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he wrote poetry in Latin,Italian and English. His first known 2)....... at English verse were probably written in 1628.

“Paradise Lost” is an epic 3)..... in blank verse . The first version, published in 1667, 4)........ of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse. A second edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books (in the manner of Virgil's Aeneid) with minor revisions throughout. It is considered to be Milton's 5)..... , and it helped solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of all time. The poem concerns the biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their 6)....... from the Garden of Eden.

7)..... blind in 1652, Milton wrote “Paradise Lost” entirely through dictation with the help of amanuenses and friends. He also wrote the epic poem while often ill, suffering from gout, and suffering emotionally after the early 8)..... of his second wife, Katherine Woodcock, in 1658, and their infant daughter.

Milton's views developed from 9)...... reading, travel, and experience that began with his days as a student at Cambridge in the 1620s and continued through the English Civil War, which started in 1642 and continued through 1651. By the time of his death in 1674, Milton was impoverished and on the margins of English intellectual life but famous throughout Europe and unrepentant for political choices that placed him at odds with 10)...... authorities.

	A	B	C	D
1	was educated	was raised	was brought up	was studied
2	ideas	try	attempts	effort
3	poem	poetry	play	story
4	comprises	makes up	combines	consists
5	play	masterpiece	performance	work
6	expulsion	expel	expelling	expulsions
7	Having got	Being	Having gone	Getting
8	death	illness	disease	died
9	extend	extension	extended	extensive
10	govern	governing	government	government’s

Test 10 Enlightenment in English Literature Daniel Defoe and his “Robinson Crusoe”

The Age of Enlightenment was a period in Europe during the 18th century (1688-1789) when the writers wrote that science and the use of reason would help the society to1)..... . The history of England of the second of the 17th century and during the 18th century was marked by British colonial expansion. The Glorious Revolution was the political 2)...... of the development of political literature. The writers of the Enlightenment fought 3)...... freedom. Most of them wrote political pamphlets , but the best 4)...... from the pen of Daniel Defoe and Jonathan Swift.

Daniel Defoe (Foe, he added “De” 40 years later) called 5)..... fortunate in his education as well as in his family. His father expected him to become a Minister , but Daniel became a commission 6)...... . He travelled a lot and knew several languages. By 1684 Defoe was a well-to-do businessman and he married a young girl of 20. Defoe was too energetic so when his business began to bore him he looked for more 7)....... speculations. As a result , in 1692 Defoe was forced into bankruptcy but he wasn’t upset. He was an optimist and decided to publish his first book “An Essay upon Projects” 8)....... suggestions on how to improve roads.

In 1719 his masterpiece “Robinson Crusoe” appeared, being Defoe’s best novel. The story 9)...... on a real event. Alexander Selkirk , a sailor who quarrelled with his captain , was put on the island near Chile and lived there alone for four years. “Robinson Crusoe” praises human labour which saves him from despair. Defoe describes his hero with warmth and sympathy and shows the development of Robinson Crusoe . At the beginning of the story we get acquainted with an 10)....... young creature who later becomes a strong – willed and hard-working man, and at the end of the book we see a philosopher able to withstand all the misfortunes and hardships of his destiny.

	A	B	C	D
1	improve	boost	develop	increase
2	scene	background	view	part
3	against	of	from	for
4	came	come	coming	have come
5	him	his	himself	it
6	merchant	buyer	seller	sailor
7	thrilled	thrill	thrillingly	thrilling
8	doing	making	coming up	putting
9	based	had based	is based	has based
10	experienced	inexperienced	unexperienced	experiential

Test 11 Jonathan Swift and his “Gulliver’s Travels”

Jonathan Swift (1667-1745), an English author, 1)...... a great satirist because of his 2)...... to ridicule customs, ideas, and actions he considered silly or harmful. His satire is often bitter, but it is also delightfully humorous. Swift was deeply concerned about the 3)....... and behaviour of the people of his time, especially the welfare of the Irish and the behaviour of the English toward Ireland. Swift was a Protestant church man who became a hero in Roman Catholic Ireland. Swift was born in Dublin on November 30, 1667. His parents were of English birth. He graduated 4)..... Trinity College in Dublin, and moved to England in 1688 or 1689. In 1695, Swift became a minister in the Anglican Church of Ireland.

Queen Anne 5)...... Swift's political work in 1713 when she made him dean (head clergyman) of St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin. Swift 6)....... a church position in England. The queen died in 1714, and George I became king. The Whig Party won control of the government that year. These changes ended the political 7)..... of Swift and his friends in England.

Swift spent the rest of his life-more than 30 years- as dean of St. Patrick's. It was as dean that Swift wrote Gulliver's Travels and the satiric pamphlets that 8)..... his fame, The Drapier's Letters and A Modest Proposal. Swift's health declined in his last years and finally his mind failed. He died on Oct. 19, 1745. He left his money to start a hospital for the mentally 9)....... .

Gulliver's Travels is often described as a book that children read with delight, but which adults find serious and disturbing. Some people believe Swift was a misanthrope (hater of humanity), and that the ugliness and stupidity in his book reflect his view of the world. Other people argue that Swift was a 10)...... and courageous Christian who could not have denied the existence of goodness and hope.

	A	B	C	D
1	has called	is called	called	had called
2	skills	capability	ability	chance
3	health	welfare	happiness	richness
4	from	of	-	out
5	learnt	distinguished	understood	recognized
6	preferred	would have preferred	would prefer	had preferred
7	strength	might	power	strong
8	increased	decreased	won	gained
9	sick	healthy	ill	upset
10	devote	devoted	devoting	devotee

Test 12 Robert Burns

Robert Burns, Scotland's national poet, was born on January 25, 1759 in Scotland. His father, William Burns, was a poor farmer. There were seven children in the family, and Robert was the eldest. His father knew the 1)....... of a good education, and he tried to give his children the best education he could afford. Robert was sent to school at the age of six, but as his father could not pay for the two sons, Robert and his brother Gilbert 2)........ school in turn.

Robert's mother knew many Scottish songs and ballads and often sang them to her son in his childhood. His mother's friend Betty told Robert many fantastic 3)....... about devils, fairies and witches.

Robert Burns became 4)....... of reading. He read whatever he could lay his hands on. His favourite writers were Shakespeare, Smolett, Robert Fergusson, a talented Scottish poet (1750 - 1774). Fergusson's tragic 5)....... deeply touched Burns who devoted many verses to Fergusson.

Robert Burns began to write poetry when he was fifteen. He composed verses to the melodies of old folk-songs, which he 6)........ since his early childhood. He sang of the woods, fields and wonderful valleys of his native land. Burns published some of his poems in 1786. Their success was complete so Robert Burns became well known and popular.

When Burns came to Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, a new and enlarged edition of his poems was published. But soon Edinburgh society grew 7)...... of him and forgot about the poet.

Robert Bums left Edinburgh and returned to his native 8)..... with money enough to buy a farm and marry Jean Armour. Burns devoted to Jean many beautiful poems, such as I love my Jean, Bonnie Jean and many others.

Aulthough Robert Burns's poems were very popular, he always remained poor. He worked hard and destroyed his health. He died in 9)...... at the age of thirty seven in 1796.

The poetry and songs of Robert Burns are famous all over the world. They 10)...... Beethoven, Schumann, Mendelssohn and other composers who wrote music to them. The most popular poems of Robert Burns are The Tree of Liberty, My Heart's in the Highlands, A Red, Red Rose and many others.

	A	B	C	D
1	cost	value	price	valuation
2	went	visited	attended	set
3	stories	novels	poems	tales
4	fond	keen	interested	crazy
5	fate	fame	recognition	fortune
6	admired	has admired	had admired	wouls admire
7	exhausted	tired	upset	miserable
8	countryside	country	house	village
9	poor	poverty	poorer	poorly
10	inspired	distracted	attracted	invited

Test 13 Romantic Movement George Gordon Byron

Lord Byron (Jan. 22, 1788-Apr.19, 1824) was the most colourful of the English romantic poets. Many people find his adventurous life as interesting as his poetry. Byron often set his poems in Europe and the Near East, and they 1) ..... his own experiences and beliefs. Byron's poetry is sometimes 2).... , sometimes tender, and frequently exotic. However, the underlying theme is always Byron's insistence that people should be free to choose their own course in life.

Gordon Byron was born in London, but he lived most of his first 10 years in Scotland with his mother. His father,who 3)........ Byron's mother, died when the boy was 3. Byron inherited the title Lord Byron at the age of 10, upon the death of his great-uncle. He then returned to England, where he attended Harrow School and Cambridge University. Byron's first book of poems, Hours of Idleness (1807), was severely criticised by the Edinburgh Review, a Scottish literary magazine. Byron 4)...... with English Bards and Scotch Reviewers (1809), a verse satire in which he attacked almost every notable literary figure of the day. From 1809 to 1811,Byron travelled through southern Europe and parts of the Near East. In 1812, he published the first two cantos (sections) of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. These cantos, set in the countries he 5)...... , chiefly Portugal, Spain, Albania, and Greece, immediately established his fame.

Eastern verse tales, such as The Bride of Abydos (1813) and The Corsair (1814), 6)...... him in the public eye. Byron left England forever in 1816.

Byron spent several months in Switzerland, where he met fellow poet Percy Bysshe Shelley. Byron then 7)...... Italy, where he carried on a long romance with the Countess Teresa Guiccioli and became involved in Italian revolutionary politics. Byron also wrote such works as the verse dramas Manfred (1817) and Cain (1821). His last and greatest work was the long, unfinished epic Don Juan. In 1823, while 8)..... this poem,Byron decided to join the Greeks in their war for independence from the Turks. Even during his Greek period Byron couldn't do without writing. But he 9)...... to write only several lyrical poems. He died on April 19, 1824 of a dangerous fever. He was only 36. Byron's heart was buried in Greece, because the Greeks considered him their national hero. Byron's body 10)..... to England and buried in Westminster Abbey.

	A	B	C	D
1	release	reflect	imagine	picture
2	harsh	severe	strong	violent
3	abandoned	had abandoned	has abandoned	was abandoned
4	replied	reacted	replayed	renewed
5	recently visited	visited	had recently visited	was visited
6	took	kept	carried	brought
7	settled down	settled back	settled in	settled on
8	writing	written	wrote	being written
9	able	could	managed	succeeded
10	had brought	brought	is brought	was brought

Test 14 Jane Austin “The Pride and Prejudice”

Jane Austen (16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily 1)...... her six major novels, which interpret, critique, and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century. Austen's plots often 2)....... the dependence of women on marriage in the pursuit of favourable social standing and economic security.

Jane Austen was born in 1775 in Hampshire in England. She was the seventh child out of eight. She was 3).....

primarily by her father. She received a 4)....... education than many women of her time. At the age of 14 she wrote her first novel, Love and Friendship. With the publication of Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814), and Emma (1816), she 5)..... modest success, only little fame in her lifetime since the books were published anonymously.

Pride and Prejudice is an 1813 novel of manners by Jane Austen. The novel follows the character development of Elizabeth Bennet, the dynamic protagonist of the book who learns about the repercussions of 6)...... judgments and comes to appreciate the difference between superficial goodness and actual goodness.

Mr. Bennet, owner of the Longbourn 7)...... in Hertfordshire, has five daughters, but his property is entailed and can only be passed to a male 8)..... . His wife also lacks an inheritance, so his family faces becoming poor upon his death. Thus, it is imperative that at 9)..... one of the daughters marries well to support the others, which is a motivation that drives the plot.

Pride and Prejudice has consistently appeared near the top of lists of "most-loved books" among literary scholars and the reading public. It has become one of the most popular novels in English literature, with over 20 million copies sold, and has inspired many 10)..... in modern literature.

	A	B	C	D
1	in	for	from	of
2	explore	tell	discover	invent
3	learnt	studied	educated	found
4	bigger	broader	wider	larger
5	completed	met	managed	achieved
6	fast	quick	hurry	hasty
7	estate	land	country	mansion
8	here	hair	heir	hare
9	less	least	little	lesser
10	derivative	derivatives	derive	derivation

Test 15 Walter Scott and his historical novels

Sir Walter Scott (Aug. 15, 1771-Sept. 21, 1832) was a Scottish romantic writer. He created and 1)..... historical novels in a series called the Waverley novels. In his novels, Scott showed his unique genius for recreating social history. He 2)...... his plots and characters so that the reader can enter into the lives of both great and ordinary people 3)..... in violent, dramatic changes in history. Scott's art shows the influence of the Enlightenment of the 1700's. He believed every human was basically decent, regardless 4)...... class, religion, politics, or ancestry. Tolerance for different ways of life is a major theme in his historical works. The Waverley novels express his belief in the need for social progress

that does not 5)..... the traditions of the past. He was the first novelist to portray peasant characters sympathetically and realistically. Scott's amiability, generosity, and modesty made him popular with his fellow writers.

Scott was born in Edinburgh. His father, who was a successful lawyer, had young Walter trained for a law career. Scott became an attorney in 1792, and he practised law actively for many years. A 6)..... illness, probably polio, left Scott lame in his right leg. But he had unusual physical strength, and was an enthusiastic outdoorsman. He enjoyed taking trips into the Scottish countryside. These trips gave him firsthand knowledge of the life of 7)..... people, and provided material for his first major publication, Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (18021803). This book was one of the great early collections of popular songs and ballads.

Scott continued his success at narrative poetry and wrote his most popular story poem, The Lady of the Lake, in1810. This romantic tale, 8)..... in the famous Trossach Mountains, deals with picturesque Highland customs and history.

After the publication of his first novel, Waverley,in 1814, Scott 9)..... himself primarily to fiction. Waverley describes a Scottish rebellion against England in 1745. Scott wrote frequently about the conflicts between different cultures. Ivanhoe (1819) deals with the struggle between Normans and Saxons, and The Talisman (1825) describes the conflict between Christians and Muslims. The novels 10)...... with Scottish history are probably Scott’s best, as they deal with clashes between the new commercial English culture and older Scottish culture.

	A	B	C	D
1	familiarised	increased	improved	popularised
2	had arranged	arranged	was arranged	has arranged
3	caught up	catch up	catching up	was catching up
4	in	upon	of	on
5	accept	reject	refuse	deny
6	childhood	child	children	children’s
7	rural	urban	residential	suburban
8	filmed	sat	set	created
9	devoted	honoured	put	placed
10	deals	dealt	deal	dealing

Test 16 English literature in Victorian period

In the Victorian period appeared a new 1)......... trend—critical realism. English critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the 2)........ and early. It found its expression mainly in the writing of novels. The critical realists, most of whom were novelists, described with much vividness and artistic skill the chief traits of the

English society and criticised the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint.

The greatest English critical realist of the time was Charles Dickens. With striking force and 3)......., he pictured bourgeois civilization, showing the misery and sufferings of the common people. Another critical realist, William Makepeace Thackeray, was a 4)........ critic of the English society. Thackeray’s novels are mainly a satirical portrayal of the upper stratum of society. Other novelists who 5)........... to critical realism were Charlotte Brontë, Emily Brontë, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot and Thomas Hardy.

The English critical realists of the 19th century not 6)...... gave a satirical portrayal of the bourgeoisie and all the ruling classes, but also showed profound sympathy for the common people. In their best works, the greed and hypocrisy of the upper classes are contrasted with the honesty and goodheartedness of the obscure “simple people” of the lower classes.

Humorous scenes 7)......... the actions of the positive characters, and the humour is often tinged with a lyricism that serves to stress the fine qualities of 8)...... characters. At the same time, 9)........ satire and grotesquery are used to expose the seamy side of the bourgeois society.

Critical realism 10)....... the corrupting influence of the rule of cash upon human nature. Here lies the essentially democratic and humanistic character of critical realism.

	A	B	C	D
1	literate	literature	literary	illiterate
2	1840	1840s	1840’s	1840th
3	true	truthful	truthfulness	truthfully
4	hard	satiric	harsh	severe
5	adhere	obey	support	write
6	only	also	so	the only
7	set in	set out	set off	set off for
8	so	such	such a	so that
9	spicy	salt	sour	bitter
10	discovers	explores	reveals	researches

Test 17 Charles Dickens and his works

Charles Dickens was born on 7 February 1812. He was an English writer and created some of the 1)....... most memorable fictional characters . One of the most famous characters he 2)........ was Oliver Twist, a poor boy living in Victorian times.

Charles was born in Portsmouth, England. His parents named him Charles John Huffam Dickens. He was the second of eight children. When Charles was 12, he was made 3)....... in a dirty old factory because his father was sent to 4)........ prison for six months for not paying his bills. By 1824 Charles's father had enough money 5)...... him back to school. He got a job in a lawyer's office at the age of 15. He then got a job writing about the Parliament. He learned shorthand and travelled 6)....... England in a stagecoach, writing for newspapers. Charles would often walk around the city of London, watching and listening. He was angered at the sad things that he saw but it helped him come 7)...... with ideas for new stories. He wanted to make things better for people and open new libraries, schools, and hospitals. Charles became famous and everyone knew who he was.

In 1837, Oliver Twist 8)...... . He was an orphan boy who ends up in London in a gang of thieves. The story ends happily for Oliver but people were shocked by the way poor children were 9)...... . In 1843 Dickens wrote 'A Christmas Carol', one of his most famous stories. In this story we meet the miser Scrooge and three ghosts. In 1868 Charles went to the United States, reading to large audiences on stage. The job was tiring and he became very sick.

In 1870 Charles Dickens died at his home in Kent. He was writing a book called 'The Mystery of Edwin Drood'. He 10)....... in Westminster Abbey.

	A	B	C	D
1	world	world's	worlds	worlds’
2	was created	creates	created	creating
3	to work	work	working	have worked
4	a	-	an	the
5	to give	to set	to send	to pay
6	around	of	out	along
7	in	on	up	of
8	published	sold	released	came out
9	looked at	treated	behaved	cared
10	buried	burried	was buried	was burying

Test 18 W. Thackeray and his “Vanity Fair”

Vanity Fair, a novel of early 19th-century English society by William Makepeace Thackeray, was published serially in

1).........       instalments from 1847 to 1848 and in book form in 1848. Thackeray’s previous writings       had been published either unsigned or under pseudonyms; Vanity Fair was the first work he published under his own

name. The novel 2).......... its title from the place designated as the centre of human corruption in John Bunyan’s 17th-century allegory Pilgrim’s Progress.

The novel 3)....... mainly with the interwoven 4)....... of two women, the wellborn, passive Amelia Sedley and the ambitious, essentially amoral Becky Sharp, 5)......... perhaps the most memorable character Thackeray created. The adventurous Becky is the novel’s central character and the person around whom all the actors 6)....... . Amelia marries George Osborne, but George, just before he is killed at the Battle of Waterloo, is ready to desert his young wife for Becky, who has fought her way up through society to marriage with Rawdon Crawley, a young officer from an aristocratic family. Crawley, disillusioned, finally leaves Becky, and in the end virtue apparently triumphs when Amelia marries her lifelong admirer, Captain William Dobbin, and Becky 7)....... to genteel living and charitable works.

The rich 8)...... and colour of this panorama of early 19th-century society make Vanity Fair Thackeray’s greatest achievement; the narrative skill, subtle characterization, and 9)...... power make it one of the outstanding novels of its period.

The novel inspired a number of film and television adaptations, 10)........ a Hindi version, Bahurupi Bazar (1932). Indian film director Mira Nair directed another version in 2004.

	A	B	C	D
1	months	monthy	monthly	month’s
2	derives	takes	comes	brings
3	deals	describes	tells	says
4	ideas	beliefs	features	fortunes
5	later	latest	the latest	the latter
6	develop	revolve	orbit	circle
7	settles down	settles in	settles out	settles off
8	moving	move	movement	movable
9	descriptives	descriptive	describing	describe
10	consisting	making	containing	including

Test 19 Charlotte Bronte and her Novel “Jane Eyre”

Charlotte Brontë was an English novelist, the 1)...... out of the three famous Brontë sisters whose novels have become standards of English literature.

Charlotte Brontë was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, England, the third of six children. In April 1820 the family moved 2)....... miles to Haworth, a remote town on the Yorkshire moors . This is where the Brontë children 3)...... most of their lives. Maria Branwell Brontë died from what was thought to be cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her spinster sister Elizabeth Branwell, who moved to Yorkshire to help the family.

In August 1824 Charlotte, along with her sisters Emily, Maria, and Elizabeth, 4)....... to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire, a new school for the daughters of poor clergymen (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). The school was a 5)....... experience for the girls and conditions were appalling. They were regularly 6)....... of food, beaten by teachers and humiliated for the slightest error. The school was unheated and the pupils slept two to a bed for warmth. Her experiences at the school deeply affected Brontë - her health never recovered and she immortalised the cruel and brutal treatment in her novel, Jane Eyre. Following the tragedy, their father withdrew his daughters from the school. The siblings became 7)....... to writing, creating stories, poetry and plays. Brontë later said that the reason for this burst of creativity was that: 'We were wholly dependent on ourselves and each other, on books and study, for the enjoyments and occupations of life. The highest stimulus, as well as the liveliest pleasure we had known from childhood upwards, lay in attempts at literary composition.'

After her father began to suffer from a lung disorder, Charlotte was again sent to school 8)....... her education at Roe Head school in Mirfield from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. During this period (1833), she wrote her novella The Green Dwarf under the name of Wellesley. The school was extremely small with only ten pupils meaning the top floor was completely unused and believed to be supposedly 9)....... by the ghost of a young lady dressed in silk. This story fascinated Brontë and inspired the figure of Mrs Rochester in Jane Eyre.

Brontë left the school after a few years, however she swiftly returned in 1835 to take up a position as a teacher, and used her wages to pay for Emily and Anne to be taught at the school. Teaching did not 10)...... to Brontë and in 1838 she left Roe Head to become a governess to the Sidgewick family -- partly from a sense of adventure and a desire to see the world, and partly from financial necessity.

Charlotte became pregnant soon after her wedding, but her health declined rapidly and she died, with her unborn child, on 31 March 1855.

	A	B	C	D
1	older	eldest	elder	oldest
2	a few	few	lots	plenty
3	spend	used spend	spending	would spend
4	sent	were send	was sent	were sent
5	horrific	horrible	horror	horrendously
6	deprived	catered	provided	supported
7	crazy	keen	addicted	interested
8	complete	to complete	completed	completing
9	visited	joined	haunted	settled
10	appeal	like	attract	take

Test 20 T. Hardy and his works

Thomas Hardy was born on the 2nd of June in 1840 in Higher Bockhampton, England. His father Thomas Hardy Sr. was a local builder, while his mother, Jemima, was a simple lady. He spent an isolated life amidst nature, enjoying the pleasures of 1)....... life. He was greatly influenced by the environment he grew up in. He was educated by his parents, especially his mother who actively 2)....... her love for literature to her son. Later, he went to

Last’s Academy for Young men, where he received groundings in French, German mathematics and Latin. Unfortunately, his formal education ended at the age of sixteen and he did not get a chance to 3)....... higher education. In 1856, he became an apprentice to an architect, John Hicks. At this time, he decided to pursue his education. In 1862, inspired by his skills, Hicks sent him to King’s College, England, where he studied architecture. It was in the same year he was impressed by the local poet, Reverend Barnes and started writing his literary pieces.

Since he 4)........ his career as an architect, he left for Cornwell on some architectural tasks. There, he met and fell in love with Emma Gifford, and the couple tied the knot in 1874. By that time, he 5)....... his writing skills. Unfortunately, Emma’s death in 1912 left him devastated. He reflected this depression in his poems and dedicated many poems, short stories and a play to his first wife, Emma.

Thomas Hardy will remain as a great literary figure. He successfully pursued two careers in life; first as an apprentice and later as a poet and writer. He started writing at the age of seventeen after 6)........ by Reverend William Barnes, but the publishers did not pay heed to his early pieces. Later, in 1865, he published his first prose work, A Humorous Sketch, which won a welcome reception; he wanted to pursue his poetic skills more 7)....... than prose. In the next three years, he wrote, The Poor Man and The Lady. In 1870 he published a novel, Desperate Remedies, followed by The Return of the Native in 1874. Between 1878 and 1912 he produced three volumes of short stories, nine more novels, three collections of poems and The Dynasty, a dramatic lyric. However, the cold reception and 8)....... criticism against his last novel, Jude the Obscure, forced him to turn toward poetry.

Thomas Hardy, a prominent Victorian realist, led a traumatic life after the death of his first wife. Also, he was terrified by the destruction caused by World War I. In 1927, he fell ill with a chest infection and died at Max Gate in 1928. Before his death, he wrote the last poem as a 9)....... to his first wife. He wanted to be buried near his beloved wife, Emma, at Stinsford. However, his friends and family concurred as they wanted to bury him at the Poet’s Corner. Finally, they 10)....... an agreement that his heart would be buried next to Emma and his ashes in the Poet's Corner of Westminster’s Abbey.

	A	B	C	D
1	urban	country	rural	countryside
2	transmitted	transferred	given	carried
3	lead	chase	follow	pursue
4	established	set	founded	built
5	fully developed	had fully developed	has fully developed	fully develop
6	be inspired	inspired	being inspired	inspiring
7	rapidly	vigorously	strongly	firmly
8	constructive	biting	minor	slight
9	dedicate	dedicated	dedication	dedicative
10	reached	aimed	came	broke

Test 21 Robert Louis Stevenson and his “Treasure Island”

Treasure Island, classic 1)...... novel by Robert Louis Stevenson,was serialised in the magazine Young Folks from October 1881 to January 1882 and published in book form in 1883. 2)...... it was not the first book about pirates, Treasure Island is considered by many to be the best.

The main character, young Jim Hawkins, helps his parents 3)..... the Admiral Benbow, an inn near Bristol, England. One day a desperate-looking ruffian, Billy Bones (“the captain”), appears and takes a room. After being visited by a former mate named Black Dog, Billy 4)...... a stroke. Later, while drinking rum, he tells Jim that he is a pirate and that he has a

treasure map. However, Billy fears that another pirate might mark him with a black spot (a summons or threat). A blind beggar, later revealed to be the pirate Pew, subsequently arrives and puts something in Bones’s hand. After Pew leaves, Billy has a fatal stroke. Jim and his mother open Billy’s sea chest, taking the money owed to them as well as a packet, before 5)....... . The packet is revealed to contain a treasure map, and the three decide to mount an expedition to Skeleton Island to find the hidden riches. However, they are 6)....... hiring some of Billy’s former shipmates, including the leader of the pirates, Long John Silver.

During the voyage, Jim overhears Silver and his men planning 7)....... the treasure once it is found and to kill all of the non-pirates. Jim and the others ultimately 8)....... over the pirates and return home with the treasure. Silver notably escapes with some of the money.

While a preeminent adventure tale, Treasure Island is also an enduring coming-of-age story as Jim both navigates life-and-death situations and 9)........ moral lessons. It introduced numerous concepts that have become widely associated with pirates: one-legged seamen, black-sailed ships, treasure maps marked with an “X,” the frightening black spot, and parrots yelling “pieces of eight.” With its evocative atmosphere, vivid text, and fantastic characters, Treasure Island spawned 10)....... imitations. Films such as those in the hugely popular Pirates of the Caribbean series still encourage the romanticism of piracy.

	A	B	C	D
1	adventures	adventure	adventurous	adventure’s
2	If	When	Although	As soon as
3	owns	run	found	set up
4	treats	prevents	suffers	recovers
5	fleeing	running	coming	getting
6	came into	taken up	persuaded	fooled into
7	to hold up	to rob	to steal	to hide
8	beat	prevail	win	attack
9	teaches	gives	comes along	encounters
10	countable	countless	counting	counted

Test 22 Rudyard Kipling and his “Jungle Book”

Rudyard Kipling (born December 30, 1865, Mumbai, India—died January 18, 1936, London, England), English short-story writer, poet, and novelist, is chiefly remembered for his 1)....... of British imperialism, his tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. He received 2)...... Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907.

Much of his childhood was unhappy. Kipling 3)....... to England by his parents at the age of six and was left for five years at a foster home at Southsea, the horrors of which he described in the story “Baa Baa, Black Sheep” (1888). He then went on to the United Services College at Westward Ho, north Devon, a new, inexpensive, and inferior boarding school. Kipling returned to India in 1882 and worked for seven years 4)........ a journalist. He was quickly filling the journals he worked for with prose sketches and light verse.

He published the verse collection Departmental Ditties in 1886, the short-story collection Plain Tales from the Hills in 1888, and between 1887 and 1889 he 5)....... six paper-covered volumes of short stories. When Kipling returned to England in 1889, his reputation 6)....... him, and within a year he was acclaimed as one of the most brilliant prose writers of his time. Besides numerous short-story collections and poetry collections such as The Seven Seas (1896), Kipling published his best-known novels in the 1890s. His novel The Light That Failed (1890) is the story of a painter 7)...... blind and spurned by the woman he loves. Captains Courageous (1897), in spite of its sense of adventure, is burdened by excessive descriptive writing. Kim (1901), about an Irish orphan in India, is a classic. The Jungle Book (1894) and The Second Jungle

Book (1895) are stylistically superb collections of stories. These books give 8)...... proof that Kipling excelled at telling a story but was inconsistent in producing balanced, cohesive novels.

In The Jungle Book most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan, the tiger, and Baloo, the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who 9)...... in the jungle by wolves. The stories are set in a forest in India.

The Jungle Book has remained popular, partly through its many adaptations for film and other media. Critics have noted that even being wary of Kipling for his supposed imperialism, they have admired the 10)....... of his storytelling.

	A	B	C	D
1	celebrating	celebration	celebrated	celebrate
2	a	an	the	-
3	is taken	has taken	took	was taken
4	like	as	so	for
5	brought out	came out	put out	taken out
6	preceded	was preceded	had preceded	has preceded
7	doing	going	becoming	getting
8	farther	farthest	furthest	further
9	brought up	is raised	raised	grew
10	strength	might	power	force

Test 23 Arthur Conan Doyle “The Hound Of The Baskervilles”

The Hound of the Baskervilles, one of the best known of the Sherlock Holmes novels, written by Arthur Conan Doyle in 1901. The novel 1)......... in The Strand Magazine (1901–02) and was published in book form in 1902. It was the first Sherlock Holmes tale since the 2)...... shocking “death” in the story “The Final Problem” (1893) but was set prior to his demise. The popularity of The Hound of the Baskervilles helped pave the 3)....... for Holmes’s appearance in later works.

Based on a local legend of a spectral hound that 4)....... Dartmoor in Devonshire, England, the story is set in the moors at Baskerville Hall and the nearby Grimpen Mire, and the action takes 5)...... mostly at night, when the terrifying hound howls for blood. After Sir Charles Baskerville is found dead with his face twisted in stark terror, Holmes is called upon to protect his heir, Sir Henry Baskerville. Narrating the story is Holmes’s assistant, Dr. Watson, who is sent to Dartmoor while the busy Holmes remains in London. Upon his arrival, Watson learns that an escaped convict is on the 6)...... . More unsettling events occur, including the appearance of an unknown figure on the moor. Watson later discovers that the mysterious person is Holmes, who has been conducting his own investigation. Holmes deduces that the killer is Jack Stapleton, a neighbour who is actually Rodger Baskerville. Hoping to inherit the family estate, he has plotted to kill his relatives using a vicious hound that he has painted with phosphorous to appear sinister. The superstitious Charles 7)....... a heart attack after being frightened by the animal. Stapleton also hopes to kill Henry Baskerville but is thwarted by Holmes. Afterward Stapleton flees and is believed 8).........., swallowed by Grimpen Mire.

In The Hound of the Baskervilles Conan Doyle uncharacteristically emphasised the eerie 9)....... and mysterious atmosphere rather than the hero’s deductive ingenuity. One of the all-time classic mysteries, the novel was hugely popular as readers rejoiced at the return of Sherlock Holmes. (His death in “The Final Problem” had enraged fans, causing thousands to cancel their subscriptions to The

Strand.) Although Conan Doyle had previously claimed to have grown “weary” of Sherlock’s name, he subsequently revived the character after negotiating a large payment from publishers. A series of short stories were published in 1903–04 and later collected in The Return of Sherlock Holmes (1905). The Hound of the Baskervilles was 10)......... for film numerous times, beginning with a silent German production in 1914.

	A	B	C	D
1	was being serialised	had serialised	was serialised	serialised
2	detective	detective’s	detectives	detectives’
3	route	itinerary	way	path
4	haunted	hunted	existed	lived
5	part	role	action	place
6	lose	loose	lost	loosing
7	dies	recovers	suffers	feels
8	have died	to have died	have been died	died
9	setting	plot	places	prop
10	adopted	settled	transformed	adapted

Test 24 Oscar Wilde

Oscar Wilde, born on October 16, 1854, in Dublin, Ireland was an Irish wit, poet, and dramatist whose reputation rests on his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891), and on his comic 1)...... Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895).

Wilde was born of professional and literary parents. His father, Sir William Wilde, was Ireland’s 2)...... ear and  eye    surgeon,      who          also published books on archaeology, folklore. His mother, who wrote under the name Speranza, was a revolutionary poet and an authority on Celtic myth and folklore.

In the early 1880s, when Aestheticism was the rage and despair of literary London, Wilde 3)....... himself in social and artistic circles by his wit and flamboyance. Eager for acclaim, Wilde agreed to lecture in the United States and Canada in 1882, 4)........ on his arrival at customs in New York City that he had “nothing to declare but his genius.” Despite widespread hostility in the press to his languid poses and aesthetic costume of velvet jacket, knee breeches, and black silk stockings, Wilde for 12 months exhorted the Americans to love beauty and art; then he returned to Great Britain to lecture on his impressions of America.

During the period of apprenticeship as a writer, he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888), which 5)....... his gift for romantic allegory in the form of the fairy tale.

Wilde’s greatest successes were his society comedies. Within the conventions of the  French         “well-made  play”, he      employed    his paradoxical, epigrammatic wit to create a form of comedy new to the 19th-century English theatre. His first success, Lady  Windermere’s        Fan, 6)........ that this wit could revitalise the rusty machinery of French drama.

In the final decade of his life, Wilde wrote and published nearly all of his 7)........ work. In his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (published in Lippincott’s Magazine, 1890, and in book form, revised and expanded by six chapters, 1891), Wilde combined the supernatural elements of the Gothic novel with the unspeakable sins of French decadent fiction. Critics charged 8)....... despite Dorian’s self-destruction; Wilde, however, insisted 9)........ the amoral nature of art regardless of an apparently moral ending. Publication of the novel scandalised Victorian England, and The Picture of Dorian Gray was used as evidence against Wilde when he was 10)....... and convicted in 1895 on charges related to homosexuality. The novel became a classic of English literature and was adapted into a number of films, most notably a 1945 version that was directed by Albert Lewin and received three Academy Award nominations.

	A	B	C	D
1	masterpiece	masterpieces	work	pieces
2	leader	lead	leading	leaded
3	established	put	promoted	advertised
4	announce	announced	announcing	being announced
5	explores	reveals	discovers	finds
6	demonstrate	demonstrating	was demonstrated	demonstrated
7	main	minor	important	major
8	immoral	immorality	moral	morally
9	up	in	on	of
10	harassed	tried	persecuted	sentenced

KEYS

1 Old English literature (500-1100)

1. B	6. C
2. A	7. B
3. A	8. A
4. D	9. B
5. A 2 British poetry	10.D
1. A	6. B
2. C	7. A
3. A	8. C
4. D	9. D
5. D 3 Beowulf	10.A
1. B	6. C
2. A	7. B
3. C	8. A
4. C	9. D
5. A	10.B
4 Geoffrey Chaucer,	“The Canterbury Tales”
1. C	6. B
2. A	7. C
3. B	8. A
4. D	9. D
5. B	10.B

5         The Middle English Period (1100–1485). Folk Songs and Ballads

1.   B         6. B

2.   A         7. C

3.   C         8. A

4.   B         9. C

5.   D         10. B

6         Sir Thomas Malory, “The Death of Arthur”

1.   C         6. C

2.   B         7. D

3.   A         8. B

4.   D         9. A

5.   B         10. C

7         Thomas More and His “Utopia”

1.   A         6. A

2.   D         7. C 3. B      8. B

4.   B         9. C

5.   C         10.A

8         William Shakespeare

1.   B         6. C

2.   D         7. D 3. A     8. D

4.   B         9. A

5.   A         10.C

9         John Milton “ Paradise Lost ”

1.   A         6. A

2.   C         7. C

3.   A         8. A

4.   D         9. D

5.   B         10.B

10    Daniel Defoe and his “Robinson Crusoe”

1.   C         6. A

2.   B         7. D

3.   D         8. B

4.   A         9. C

5.   C         10.B

11    Jonathan Swift and his “Gulliver’s Travels”

1.B	6. B
2.C	7.C
3.B	8.A
4.A	9.C
5.D 12 Robert Burns	10.B
1.B	6. C
2.C	7.B
3.D	8.D
4.A	9.B
5.A	10.A

13       George Gordon Byron

                      1.B                    6. B

                       2.D                   7.C

                      3.B                    8.A

                       4.A                   9.C

                      5.C                    10.D

14       Jane Austin “The Pride and Prejudice”

                      1.B                    6.D

                       2.A                   7.A

                      3.C                    8.C

                      4.B                    9.B

                       5.D                   10.B

15       Walter Scott and his historical novels

                       1.D                   6.A

                      2.B                    7.A

                       3.A                   8.C

                      4.C                    9.A

                      5.B                    10.D

16       English literature in Victorian period

                      1.C                    6.A

                      2.B                    7.C

                      3.C                    8.B

                       4.D                   9.D

                       5.A                   10.C

17       Charles Dickens and his works

                      1.B                    6.A

                      2.C                    7.C

                       3.A                   8.D

                      4.B                    9.B

                      5.C                    10.C

18       W. Thackeray and his “Vanity Fair”

                      1.C                    6.B

                      2.B                    7.A

                       3.A                   8.C

                       4.D                   9.B

                       5.D                   10.D

19       Charlotte Bronte and her Novel “Jane Eyre”

                      1.B                    6.A

                       2.A                   7.C

                       3.D                   8.B

                      4.C                    9.C

                       5.A                   10.A

20       T. Hardy and his works

1.C 6.C 2.B       7.B 3.D      8.B

                       4.A                   9.C

                      5.B                    10.A

21       Robert Louis Stevenson and his “Treasure Island”

                      1.B                    6.D

                      2.C                    7.C

                      3.B                    8.B

                      4.C                    9.D

                       5.A                   10.B

22       Rudyard Kipling and his Famous Work “Jungle Book”

                      1.B                    6.C

                      2.C                    7.B

                       3.D                   8.D

                      4.B                    9.B

                       5.A                   10.C

23       Arthur Conan Doyle “The Hound Of The Baskervilles”

1.C	6.B
2.B	7.C
3.C	8.B
4.A	9.A
5.D 24 Oscar Wilde	10.D
1.B	6.D
2.C	7.D
3.A	8.B
4.C	9.C
5.B	10.B

References

●     English Literature: https://studfile.net/preview/9741776/

●     Beowulf, Old English poem: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Beowulf ● Sir Thomas Malory, “The Death of Arthur”: https://www.bl.uk/works/le-morte-darthur

●     Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Canterbury Tales”: https://en.ppt-online.org/725097 ● Thomas More: “Utopia”:

https://pressbooks.pub/earlybritishlit/chapter/sir-thomas-more-utopia/ ● William Shakespeare, short biography:

https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/reading-william-shakespeare-shor t-biography.php

●     John Milton-Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Milton

●     The enlightenment-online presentation: https://en.ppt-online.org/647429

●     Англійська література: Навчальний посібник/ С.В. ГапоноваК.:Товариство “Знання”, КОО, 1998 ● Robert Burns:

https://www.english-easy.info/topics/topics_Robert_Burns1.php

●     George Gordon Byron: https://ppt-online.org/315733

●     Jane Austen-Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Austen ● Sir Walter Scott: https://en.ppt-online.org/632686 ● English literature in Victorian period: https://slideplayer.com/slide/15352295/

●     KS2 Reading Comprehension - Charles Dickens:

https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/ks2-reading-comprehension-charlesdickens-12246842

●     Vanity Fair, novel by Thackeray:

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vanity-Fair , https://slideplayer.com/slide/8408854/ ● Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte:

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/10210.Jane_Eyre ● Biography and literary works by Thomas Hardy: https://literarydevices.net/thomas-hardy/

●     Treasure Island|Characters, summary and facts|Britannica:

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Treasure-Island

●     Rudyard Kipling|Biography, books,poems and facts|Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudyard-Kipling

●     The Hound of the Baskervilles|Summary and facts| Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Hound-of-the-Baskervilles

●     Oscar Wilde|Biography,Books & facts|Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oscar-Wilde https://slideplayer.com/slide/6183141/