Урок "Environmental problems"

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS.

Мета:

• Активізувати вживання ЛО з теми;
• Розвивати навички аудіювання з метою повного розуміння прослуханого;
• Розвивати навички діалогічного мовлення;
• Розвивати увагу, пам'ять, швидку мовленнєву реакцію;
• Розширювати знання учнів про охорону навколишнього середовища;
• Формувати повагу та любов до природи.

Обладнання:

• Аудіозапис «Environmental problems», картки із завданням,

Картини із зображенням природи.

ХІД УРОКУ

І. ПІДГОТОВКА ДО СПРИЙНЯТТЯ  ІНШОМОВНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ

1. Повідомлення теми та мети уроку.

T:  Hello, boys and girls! Our lesson is devoted to the environment and ecological problems. We have read some texts about it and have learnt enough words. Please, look at the blackboard and try to read them.

Motto: “If you don’t think of the future, you will have nothing”.

2. Уведення в іншомовну атмосферу.

T:   Students, look at these landscapes. The world we live in is really wonderful: blue oceans, seas and rivers, mountains, hills, fields and valleys. We live surrounded by this beauty. But the situation isn’t the same in different parts of our planet. The nature faces a great threat. That’s why people who take care of our planet have established the 22 of April as a special day around the world-Earth Day It’s the day for peo­ple to learn what they can do to protect the planet. So, at our lesson we are going to discuss one of the main ecological problems of the time. Tell me please, what does the word “ecology“ mean?

P. The word “ecology” came from Greek word which means “home”. This idea of home includes the whole planet of ours.

T:   You are right. And now our “home”— our planet is in danger.

ІІ. ОСНОВНА ЧАСТИНА УРОКУ

1. Фонетичне відпрацювання ЛО з теми.

Clean and fresh water, wonderful nature, to protect nature, to solve ecological problems, air pollution, envi­ronmental organization, litter, trash, rubbish, to damage trees, to frighten birds and animals, to make a fire, to throw rubbish into the river, to pollute water, things to be reused and recycled.

2. Аудіювання тексту « Environmental problems».

Pre-listening activities.

T: Before you listen answer the questions.

• What international organizations whose activity is aimed at solving environmental problems do you know?
• What damage was made to the Earth by humans?
• Why is it necessary to increase our knowledge of environmental needs?
• What must be done by people to have an opportunity to live on healthy planet?

While-listening activities.

T: Listen to the opinions and information given by the people whose activity is devoted to solving ecological problems and guess who these words belong to.

a) a scientist;

 b) a biologist;

 c) a representative of the WWF;

 d) a representative of the Greenpeace organization;

 e) one of the leaders of Greenpeace organization in the USA;

 f) a reporter from the Ukrainian ecological newspaper “Zeleny Svit”.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS.

1) The WWF (World Wildlife Fund) was founded in 1961 by a small group of people who wanted to raise money to save animals from extinction. Today, it’s a large international organi­zation which has raised over 40 million pounds for conservation projects and given support to National Parks in 5 continents. It helps mammals and birds to survive.

People have always hunted valuable animals for their skins, their fur and also for meat. People themselves have destroyed wildlife. Different animals, birds and fish began to disappear one after another. Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, by the year 2030, 25 per cent of all animals, birds, fish and insects may be extinct. For a long time we did not see the danger. Now many people understand that they have wasted their national riches, and try their best to protect Nature.

2) Our organization deals with the most urgent ecological problems of today’s world. It protests against nuclear weapon tests, sea and soil pollution, threats of greenhouse effect. It was founded in 1971, and now our international organization consists of over 4 mln members, and has its development departments in 23 countries.

3)We are very much concerned about the changes in weather patterns. The droughts, mild winters, devastating hurricanes have become typical in those parts of the world where they were rare. All that happens due to the global warming-up process and its major reason — the green­house effect. As far as you know, it has become hotter because we are producing too many gases which hold heat. Trees and plants help to take gases such as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but we have destroyed too many trees. And there are not enough plants to do this job. Nowadays, much is spoken about the decimation of the protective shield of ozone. It is really dangerous, and the cause of it can be easily explained. The ozone layer covers the Earth and protects us from the dangerous ultraviolet rays of the sun. But if ozone comes close to Earth in acid rains, for example, it’s also very dangerous and causes diseases. There appeared holes in the ozone layer because there are too many “greenhouse” gases.

  4)  In our country the problems of protecting nature are also very actual. The trees are also being cut down at an alarming high rate. Any tree cut down is a loss for all of us. People can help by recycling. It’s a great way to reduce waste. Almost everything is being recycled today: alu­minium cans, glass bottles, newspapers. Everybody knows that we shouldn’t use plastic bags, but bags made from organic cotton. Using paper again reduces our need for forest products. According to the Institute of Scrap Recycling, paper recycling saves our country 200 mln trees per year. Besides, in 1974 was adopted the Control of Pollution Act, which provides control over wastes, noise, air and water pollution. Our people realize that we are a part of environment and everyone must take care of its protection.

5) I think, that the most terrible accident is a radioactive contamination of a vast area in April 1986 when there was an explosion at the Chornobyl nuclear power station. The trouble is that the accident caused the contamination of not only a “30 kilometres zone” but it spread to many parts of Ukraine and some other countries. The explosion of the nuclear power station has done a great damage to the people’s health, especially children’s, forests and agriculture. In my opinion, the Chornobyl catastrophe is a tragedy for the whole nation.

6) Literally, the word “ecology” means “a study of home”. Simply put, ecology means discover­ing what damage man has done and then finding ways to fix it. Neither is an easy task. Humans have been living on this planet for 2 mln years, and in the last 200 years humans have made a mess of it: polluted air, soil, water; chopped and burnt trees; killed animals; learnt to use nuclear power.

Today the word “ecology” is on everyone’s lips. It is the study of plants and animals in relation to their environment. So, if we want to help our planet to survive and keep it healthy for future generations we must be active participants in the protection and rebuilding of our environment, and also improving environmental education. It is clear that not only nature is influenced by the changes of the modern world, but people’s health as well. Smoking chimneys, burning forests are pumping tons of rubbish into the air, and we breathe it in. So, the air in large cities is very much polluted. People feel it without any tests. Doctors say that only 2—3 per cent of healthy babies are born now. And the people living in the places where there appeared holes in the ozone layer begin to view the sun as an enemy rather than a friend, because it can cause different diseases such as skin cancer and cataracts. The danger in those places is invisible but just as deadly.

Post-listening activities  (робота з картками)

Complete the information.

TEXTS 1—2

_______________________________________________ was founded in 1971.

________________________________________________ was founded in 1961. Greenpeace ________________________________ against nuclear weapons tests.

Every ___________________ one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. The WWF supports  _____________________________________in 5 continents.

This organization deals with the most ______________________ of today’s world.

Complete the information.

TEXTS 3—4

____________________________ happen due to the global warming-up process. _________________________________ help to take gases from the atmosphere.

_________________________________________covers the Earth and protects it.

People can help the environment ______________________________________. Paper recycling saves the USA________________________________ per year

________________________________provides control over wastes, noise, air and

water pollution.

Complete the information.

TEXTS 5—6

Literally, _____________________________________ means “a study of home".

In April 1986 there was an explosion at the Chornobyl _____________________.

The catastrophe in Chornobyl caused  ___________________________________.

Humans have been living on Earth for __________________________________.             

Doctors say that only 2—3 percent of are born now. _______________________.             

Ecology is the study of plants and animals in __________ to their ____________.

3. Практикування учнів з  діалогічного мовлення.

T: Think of 6 questions to the people (a, b, c, d, e, f) if you are going to interview them. Make up a conversation with a partner.

III. ЗАКЛЮЧНА ЧАСТИНА УРОКУ  

1. Домашнє завдання.

Т: Make up the short message about the results of  the environment’s pollution.

2. Підбиття підсумків уроку.

T:  It’s time we finished our lesson. You’ve worked hard. What was difficult for you? Did you enjoy it? People all over the world speak so much about ecology and healthy environment nowadays. Do you think ecological problems should be discussed or it is no use talking? Why?