Урок на тему: "Шотландія"

Topic: SCOTLAND

Шаляпіна Ольга Григорівна, вчитель англійської мови

Objectives:

-to give pupils information about Scotland, its geographical position and climate;

-to enrich their outlook;

-to foster students’ reading and speaking skills;

-to encourage students to use prior knowledge on the topic.

PROCEDURE

1. INTRODUCTION

T: Good morning, pupils! Glad to see you! How are you today?

The topic of our lesson today is “Scotland”. We’ll read the text and discuss some questions.

2. WARM-UP

T: I’d like to start our lesson from the Scottish saying “He who has not seen Scotland does not really know Great Britain.”

How can you comment on it?

3. MAIN PART

1. READING

T: Now we are going to read the text about Scotland but before reading find these words in the text and read out the sentence.

VOCABULARY PRESENTATION

to constitute  - складати

range   - пасмо (гір)

to erode   - стирати

rough   - нерівний

glen   - вузька долина (в Шотландії)

exceed    - перевищувати

moor   - заболочена місцевість

Firth   - вузька морська затока, лиман

drizzle   - мряка

precipitation  - опади

While reading

T: Read the text and be ready to do the tasks after that.

SCOTLAND

Population: 5,122,000

Area: 78,772 square kilometers.

Capital: Edinburgh (with population about 439,672 residents).

Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides. Only 9% of the total population of the UK lives there. Most of the population is concentrated in an industrial area located in the central part of the country.

Land.  Scotland is divided into three natural regions: the Southern Uplands, the Central Lowlands, the Highlands and islands.

The Highlands, occupying the northern part of the country, consist largely of two mountain ranges running roughly northeast-southwest, the Grampian Mountains and the Northwest Highlands. Both these ranges are extremely eroded and rounded.  The roughest territory lies along the west coast, where numerous mountains reach elevations of 900 to 1,200 m. Great Britain's highest peak is Ben Nevis (1,343-m). The eastern coast is comparatively level.

Throughout the Highlands there are a lot of valleys, called glens. The Great Glen, known also as Glen More, is a narrow, lake-studded valley stretching from coast to coast. Most of the highland region, especially its treeless, is thinly populated.

The Southern Uplands are situated between the lowlands and the English border. It consists mainly of gently rounded hills. Elevations in several locations exceed 2,500 feet (760 m). Grassy moors, used extensively for grazing, cover much of the land. There are numerous valleys, called dales in this part of Scotland.

As well as the mainland, Scotland has some 790 islands. Its coastline is 16,500km long, or about 8% of the total coastline of Europe. Some 97 of Scotland's islands are inhabited, by a total of just under 100,000 people.

Water. The Clyde, which flows through Glasgow to the Atlantic Ocean, is Scotland's chief river, for it provides a major waterway through the industrial heart of the country. Almost all the other principal rivers flow to the North Sea, mainly from the Highlands. Among them are the Spey, the Tay, the Forth, and the Tweed rivers. Lakes, known as lochs, abound in the Highlands. Some of them, especially Loch Lomond, have been made famous by Scottish literature and legend. Loch Ness, a deep, narrow lake in the Great Glen, is reputedly the home of a sea monster.

Numerous bays, sounds, and long, narrow arms of the sea, also called lochs, indent the Scottish coast, particularly the island-studded west coast. There are also broad river estuaries, or firths; the most notable are the Firth of Clyde, Firth of Forth, Firth of Tay, Moray Firth, and Solway Firth.

Climate. Scotland lies some 600 to 1,300 km farther north than the most northerly point in the United States, excluding Alaska. Its climate, however, is moderate because of the tempering influence of the ocean. Except in the high mountains, temperatures average about 2° to 4° C in January and 13° to 16° C. in July. Rarely is the weather either very hot or cold.

Rains, drizzles, mists, and long cloudy periods make Scotland one of the most humid and overcast parts of Britain. In general, precipitation increases from east to west--from less than 25 inches (635 mm) annually on some parts of the east coast to more than 150 inches (3,810 mm) in the high western mountains. Most of the country, however, receives from 35 to 65 inches (890 to 1,650 mm), depending on location. Except in the loftiest parts of the Highlands, snows are light and infrequent.

After-reading

T: Match the two parts of the sentences.

Keys: 1-d; 2-e; 3-a; 4-b; 5-f; 6-c.

T: Answer the questions

1. What is the population of Scotland?
2. What is the area of Scotland?
3. What is the capital of Scotland?
4. What part does Scotland occupy?
5. What part does it share the border with?
6. What is it washed by?
7. How many islands, in addition to the mainland, does it constitute?
8. How many natural regions is Scotland divided into?
9. What part do the Highlands occupy?
10.                       Where are the Southern Uplands situated?
11.                       What is the chief river of Scotland?
12.                       Are there many lakes in Scotland?
13.                       What is the climate of Scotland? What is it influenced by?
14.                       What is the average temperature in winter? (summer?)

4. SUMMING-UP. HOME ASSIGNMENT

T: Our lesson is coming to an end. Your home assignment is to prepare the report about Scotland.

Література:

1. Карпенко О.В. Focus on Great Britain. English Student’s Book. – Харків: Веста: Видавництво «Ранок», 2004.-96с.
2. Коганов А.Б. Сучасна англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Для школярів, абітурієнтів, студентів: - К.: А.С.К., 2000.-Кн. 2. -352с.
3. http://en.wikipedia.org