Конспект уроку для 8 класу"Наука і техніка"

 

Оріхівська гімназія №1 “ Сузір’я “

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ВІДКРИТИЙ УРОК

у 8 класі

 

 

 

 

 

Вчитель англійської мови

Копарчук О.О.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

м.Оріхів

2018 р.

Тема. Наука і техніка

Дата проведення. __________

Тип уроку. Урок-презентація

Форма уроку. Урок-проект

Навчальна мета: розширити знання про досягнення в науці і техніці, розкрити значення цих досягнень в житті суспільства, активізувати вивчені по черзі всі види мовленнєвої діяльності; узагальнити вивчений граматичний матеріал.

Розвиваюча мета: розвивати навички аудіювання, читання, письма, монологічного мовлення, пам’ять, увагу.

Виховна мета: виховувати інтерес до науково-технічного прогресу; організованість у груповій роботі, відповідальність; створити ситуацію успіху.

Обладнання: письмові завдання для учнів на аркушах; презентації учнів

 

План уроку

 

1. Організаційний момент
2. Повторення ЛО
3. Діалоги учнів
4. Презентація проектів учнів
5. Письмове граматичне завдання
6. Кросворд
7. Аудіювання
8. Підсумки

 

 

 

 

 

Procedure

1. Introduction.

 

What is this life, full of care.

We have no time to stand  and stare!

A poor  life this is if, full of care.

We have no time to stand  and stare.

                                              W.N.Davies(1871-1940)

T. Dear children, I want to stand and stare .Times are changed and we change with ourselves. Have a look around! Everything around us is unique! What make our life easier and more comfortable. What are they?

(the pupils answers)

 

W. Shakespeare said: “We know hat we are,but we know not we may be’’

Today we are going to continue  our talk about inventors and the role of science in our life. We have to not only understand but also rove that ’’Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration’’(Tomas Alva Edison)

Objectives:

- to practice the active vocabulary of the topic in dialogue and monologue speech;

- to develop pupils know ledge of incognitos and inventors;

- to practice using the Past Simple;  

- to teach pupils to work in group and feel responsibility for doing their projects well

- to develop creativeness , imagine leadership

 

2.  Warming - up

1. Discussion

T. Do you think all inventions are useful and beneficial for mankind? Use the following words and expressions in your answers:

Read please

Success, suffering, progress, ruins, destruction, change the way of life, war, improve lifestyle, danger pollution.

 

P1: I think some inventions are very good, useful and positive for mankind because

They change the way of  life, improve  lifestyle and bring success and progress with them.

P2: Other inventions may cause death, suffering, war destruction, pollution of the environment.

P3: To my mind such inventions as computers, rockets, space stations, microscopes, telescopes  bring  us  progress and success.

P4: I believe  that such inventions as planes, cars, bikes, mobile phones, radio, TV sets, trains, helicopters changed our way of  life for the better.

P5: In my opinion vacuum cleaners, electric razors, microwave ovens, CD players, music systems, dishwashers improved our life.

P6: It seems to me  that such inventions as  bombs, dynamite3, and weapons cause danger, suffering, death.

P7: I’m sure that such inventions as chemicals, hydrogen bombs, nuclear weapons cause death and pollution.

 

2. Speaking

T. Let’s listen to the dialogues your homework.

Dialogue 1

Tom: Has life become better?

Charlotte: Um, I think so. Things have become a lot more advanced and we’re able to do more things and I think it’s good that we can go to different countries easier and see different lifestyles.

Tom: But do you think everything has become better?

Charlotte: No, there’s also been overpopulation and more pollution because of all the cars and factories.

Carys: People know more about other countries, I think, and about how people live in other countries.

Tom: So, do you think things have become better?

Carys: Yeah, I think so.

Tom: Have they become better in every way?

Charys: No, because of the pollution and things like that.

Tom: What kind of…

Carys:  More traffic… On a motorway it gets really jammed up a lot, and so it’s mot easy to get anywhere anymore.

Tom: Has life changed in the last 30 years?

Jessica: Well, I think communication’s become a lot better. Things like telephones. You can call further and it’s easier to use the telephone. And…umm…radio and television have become more advanced. Um… for example, 30 years ago there was no color television.

Henry: The number of cars has gone up in the last few years, causing a lot more congestion on the roads and therefore a lot more pollution.

Tom: What about transport? How was that changed.

Jessica: Um, well, in a way it’s better because it’s easier to get transport. And in a way it’s worse because it’s causing a lot of pollution which is causing the greenhouse effect, and damage to the ozone layer.

Tom: What’s the greenhouse effect?

Jessica: The greenhouse effect is, um… well, it’s a global warming. The earth is just getting hotter.

Tom: Progress and change. We can’t stop change. It’s part of modern life. But is it always progress?

Dialogue 2

How Could We Live without Internet?

Susan. Listen, yesterday I found out that the Internet was created in the early 70’s. Can you believe it? Today, the Internet is a lifestyle for many young people.

Edward. I agree, it spreads across the globe and consists of countless networks and computers, allowing millions of people to share information. 

Susan. It’s funny, a lot of my friends the Internet and World Wide Web are the same thing.

Edward. They’re not! It’s one of the many features of the Internet. The “web” or “WWW” for short is a hypertext system that operates over the Internet.

Susan. And other popular features of the Internet include electronic mail, on-line conversations. People call them “chats”.

Edward. Right, but that’s not all. There are discussion groups or news-groups, where users can post messages and look for responses, games, information retrieval and electronic commerce.

Susan. It’s hard to remember how we could live without electronic mail. It has become one of today’s standard means communication. We can compose, send and receive messages over electronic communication systems.

Edward. By the way, maybe you don’t know but e-mail was originally developed for sending simple text messages.

Susan. And now, e-mail can include formatted text, colours, and images into the message. Also, we can attach documents to e-mail messages.

Edward. I decided to make a “personal home page”, do you have your own? What does it include?

Susan. As you know, home page is the starting point or front page of a web-site. My homepage, as many other home pages, has some sort of table of contents on it and describes the purpose of the site.

Edward. Well, Sophia, I have to go. I promised to meet with my friends in the chat room. See you.

VOCABULARY PRACTICE

MASHINES

Find twelve kinds of machines and write them down

 

r	r	e	t	u	p	m	o	c
b	a	u	v	s	n	o	q	p
o	d	t	f	r	i	d	g	e
b	i	c	y	c	l	e	a	i
i	o	c	l	a	j	m	g	w
s	d	l	o	r	f	n	h	a
e	n	o	h	p	e	l	e	t
t	s	c	a	n	n	e	r	c
v	u	k	o	e	d	i	v	h

 

r	r	e	t	u	p	m	o	c
b	a	u	v	s	n	o	q	p
o	d	t	f	r	i	d	g	e
b	i	c	y	c	l	e	a	i
i	o	c	l	a	j	m	g	w
s	d	l	o	r	f	n	h	a
e	n	o	h	p	e	l	e	t
t	s	c	a	n	n	e	r	c
v	u	k	o	e	d	i	v	h

T. Check up your words

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4. Presentations of pupil projects

Project 1: A Man and a Car

The current version is not tested and experienced participants may differ significantly from the version screened June 19, 2012, 22 checks require revision.

Query "flash card" redirects here, see also other meanings.

USB-flash drive (sleng. flash drive, USB flash drive, flash drive) - a storage device that uses as a carrier in flash memory and is connected to a computer or other reading device via USB.

USB-flash drives typically removable and rewritable. Size - 3.5 cm, weight - less than 60, she received a lot of popularity in the 2000s, because of the compactness, ease of overwriting files and a lot of memory (32 MB to 1TB [1]). The main purpose of USB-drives - storage, transfer and sharing, backup, and load operating systems (LiveUSB) and others developed fits on a USB flash drive package for automatic removal of evidence from the computer unqualified police (COFEE).

Usually, the device has an elongated shape and a removable cap covering the slot, sometimes attached cord for wearing around the neck. Modern flash drives may have very different sizes and ways to protect the connector, as well as "custom" look (Army knife, watches, etc.) and various additional features (eg, fingerprint check, etc.).

Contents

Flash memory was invented by Fujio Masuoka (Fujio Masuoka), when he worked for Toshiba in 1984. The name "flash" was coined in Toshiba counterpart Fuji Shoji Ariizumi (Shoji Ariizumi), because the process of erasing the memory contents reminded him of the flash (English flash). Masuoka presented his design to the 1984 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), held in San Francisco, California. Intel saw great potential in the invention and in 1988 released the first commercial flash-chip
NOR-type

 

SI: We often hear a saying "Don't invent a bicycle" about something simple and known for a long time. Re­ally the bicycle is old enough. Its first prototype appeared in 1791 in France. First bicycles looked odd: a large front wheel with a cranked axle. The back wheel was usually smaller.

New types of bicycles appeared every year but only in 1885 people saw a model which looked like modern cycles.

Unfortunately, not all societies consider the bicycle an important and practical means of transportation and thus actively encourage cars.

S2: I'd like to tell you some words about Henry Ford (1863-1947). He was a man who transformed the world. The car he built changed the lives of people eve­rywhere.

In 1896, Ford succeeded in building an automobile powered by a gasoline engine. He built this engine in his kitchen sink. In 1903, Henry Ford established the Ford Motor Company and introduced the Model T. Ford.

Henry Ford wanted to make a car that everyone would be able to afford. He was able to lower the price of the Model T. from $850 to $360 by introducing mass produc­tion assembly line techniques. On an assembly line each person has one specific job and, therefore, can do it faster and more efficiently.

S3:1 like to develop slides and print picturesque snap­shots. Camera is an instrument used for taking photographs. Millions of people throughout the world take pictures of their families, friends, vacations, and celebrations.

The word 'camera' comes from a Latin term meaning dark chamber. A camera is a dark box that holds a light-sensitive material (usually film) at the back.

A camera works in much the same way as the human eye. Like the eye, a camera takes in rays of light that are reflected from an object and focuses the rays into an image.

The light passes through the lens and forms an upside down image on the film at the back of the camera or on an electronic storage device. Many cameras have a focus­ing mechanism by which the photographer moves the lens a short distance to sharpen the image. In addition, most cameras have a viewfinder, a sighting instrument that the photographer looks through to frame the subject. Most cameras also have a film advance. The film advances au­tomatically in many cameras.Project 2: TV, PC, and the Internet

S4: Oh, Hello! Here I am, the TV. I want to tell you what I am, and how you, people, use me in your daily life.

Television (colloquially known as TV or telly) is now so popular in the whole world that it is hard to believe that it appeared only about fifty years ago. A first-rate colour TV set has become an ordinary thing in the household today, and a video cassette recorder (VCR) is quickly becoming one.

Modern television offers viewers a wide choice of programmes on different channels. In addition to regular news programmes, you can see plays and films, operas and ballets, and watch all kinds of contests, quizzes, soap operas, serials and sporting events. You can also get a lot of useful information on the educational channel.

Television most definitely plays an important part in peoples lives. But is it a good thing or a bad one? Haven't we become lazier because of television? Don't we go out less often? Don't we read less?

Teenagers aged between 14 and 16 like getting together with friends to watch a video.

Television has made our life more interesting and we can't imagine our life without it.

S5: Computers are everywhere. You can use a computer to write a letter, design a house, draw a picture or exchange messages with someone around the world.

But it wasn't too long ago that computers could only work math problems. Those machines cost millions of dol­lars, and only few huge companies had them. Now, more than a third of all US families have a computer at home.

Computers have changed the way we live. The Informa­tion Age has jumped on the Information Super-highway. Meet some of the people who made it possible.

S6: Ccomputers in the world use software invented by Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft Inc. of Redmond, Washington. Software is the set of programmes that make computers — whether business or personal — perform various tasks.

Gates was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1955. As a boy, he was bright and curious. He was active in Scouting, reaching Life Scout rank in Troop 186. He loved hiking, camping and other outdoor adventures.

But B.Gates was obsessed with computers. While a student at Harvard University in 1975, Gates and a friend, Paul Allen, developed a computer language for an early ver­sion of the personal computer. Microsoft was born. Gates went on to develop operating systems, such as MS-DOS, and software programmes.

Thanks to Microsoft, Gates is now one of the richest men in America. He is worth more than $8 billion.

A technical wizard and a fierce business competitor, Gates sees great things ahead for computers. He says they "are really going to change a lot of things in the world — the way we work, the way we play and entertain ourselves and even the way we are educated".

In the next few years, you will be able to sit at your computer and see high-quality video sent from any place on earth.

They predict you will also have a wallet-size personal computer. With it you will by able to store photographs, pay bills, get the news, send messages, see movies and open locks with digital keys.

Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft Inc. of Redmond, Washington

S7: In 1969, the USA Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency needed a system for computers "to talk" to each via the telephone. They created a network of computers called DARPANET. In 1984, the US National Science Foundation started the NSNET network, a system of five supercomputer centres.

More and more people and agencies wanted to join the network. NSNET became known as the Inter-Net-Network. People started calling it the Internet.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a huge collection of documents, from all over the world. It contains a mixture of texts, images and sounds and is very user-friendly. The Internet is a source of information that is accessible via computer. It consists of millions of pages of data about every possible subject.

The Internet is already the biggest source of informa­tion on the planet.

SI: We've got some messages. Let's read them.

(Students are reading telegraph's messages.) *  Charles Mackintosh. 1823. Manchester. Developed a rubber solution for coating fabrics which led to the produc­tion of waterproof raincoats or mackintoshes. -  William Harvey. 1628. England. Discovered the cir­culation of blood.

„ Samuel Colt. 1836. America. Designed a pistol with a revolving barrel that could fire six bullets, one after the other.

Ladislao Biro. 1943. Hungary. Invented the ballpoint pen biro.

¹ Louis Braille. 1824. Developed his own alphabet patterns known as Braille by which the blind could read by touch.

* Edvard Jenner. 1796. England. Made first vaccination.

~ George Stephenson. 1814. England. Designed a loco­motive.

, Samuel Finley Breeze Morse. 1843. America. Invented the telegraphic dot-dash alphabet.

S2: Our gadgets aren't working properly. I want to know the reason.

S3: I've got a brilliant idea. I know who will help us. It's Thomas Alva Edison. When Edison was a boy of 15, he worked as a telegraph operator.

Project 3: Tomas A. Edison

Edison, Thomas Alva (1847-1931), was one of the great­est inventors and industrial leaders in history. Not only did he invent and perfect many of the technologies vital to the modern world, but also set the standard for how research and development is done today. Today, Edison's name and electric light bulb are worldwide symbols of bright ideas and technical creativity.

Edison's career beganln New York, when he was 22. In those days, information was sent from place to place using ticker tape, and one day, while Edison was in the building, the system collapsed. A year later, in 1870, Edison saved enough money to open his own company, manufacturing ticker tape machines. The business did well, and Edison had plenty of time to concentrate on his experiments and inventions.

In fact, so great was Edison's desire to invent things that would make life easier and better that he neglected to exploit many of these inventions because he didn't believe they would be of use to people, or that people would want them.

Edison \Yas really the first man to head a research and development department, which they have in every large company nowadays. A lot of inventions nowadays are modification of existing products and processes, which make them a little bit more commercial, and effective. And Edison started all that off. Few of Edison's most useful inventions were entirely original. Instead, he concentrated much of his time and effort on improving existing products. One was the telephone.

He obtained 1,093 United States patents. His most famous contributions include practical electric lighting, the phonograph, and improvements to the telegraph, telephone, and motion pictures. Edison also created one of the first modern research laboratories. He also developed improve­ments in stock tickers; telegraph devices used to report the purchase and sale of stocks.

Project 4: Telephone Connection

SI: In the 1870s, two inventors Elisha Grey and Alexan­der Graham Bell both independently designed devices that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone). Both men rushed their respective designs to the patent office within hours of each other, Alexander Graham Bell patented his telephone first. Elisha Grey and Alexander Graham Bell entered into a famous legal battle over the invention of the telephone, which Bell won.

Alexander Graham Bell's notebook entry of 10 March 1876 describes his successful experiment with the telephone. Speaking through the instrument to his assistant, Thomas A. Watson, in the next room, Bell utters his famous first words, "Mr Watson: come here. I want to see you". With these words, spokeri by the inventor Alexander Graham Bell into his experimental telephone an industry was born. For down the hall, Bell's assistant, Thomas Watson, distinctly heard Bell utter the first spoken sentences ever transmit­ted via electricity. That achievement was the culmination of an invention process Bell had begun at least four years earlier.

In the 1870s, electricity was the cutting-edge technology. Like today's Internet, it attracted bright, young people, such as Bell and Watson, who were only 29 and 22 in 1876. The field of electricity offered them the opportunity to create inventions that could lead to fame and fortune.

S2: Nowadays more and more people in the world believe that a mobile phone is no longer a luxury but a necessity. What started in the mid-1980s as an expensive toy has become a pocket-sized communication aid for all kinds of people on the move, from nurses to farmers, architects to electricians, social workers to women driving alone. For businessmen a mobile phone is an invariable professional tool. Nevertheless, convenience has taken mobiles far be­yond commerce. Working mothers are using them to control their children before and after school; business travellers turn to their mobile phones to avoid high mark-ups on call from hotel rooms; police lend pre-programmed mobiles to victims of domestic violence who have no phone at home so that they can contact them in crisis,

A choice of phones is variable at different price levels. Some features are standard, such as single-button dialing for numbers you call regularly and backlit display showing the number dialed or recalled from the mobile's memory. Some models may provide other information like signal strength and battery condition, offer last-number redialing, security code, a "scratchpad" for noting down numbers during a call, a call timer and a press-any-key facility for answering calls.

Mobiles are changing our life for the better. Whether you want to be safe, super-efficient or just plain sociable, there are many good reasons for joining the mobile revolution.

SI: It was an exciting journey. But our flight is coming to an end. Get ready for landing.

IV. SUMMARY

T: You have heard many interesting facts, impressive information about creators and designers.

Sophocles said: "Wonders are many, and nothing is more wonderful than man".

So, the man who felt he should have died at birth is remembered and respected long after his death.

T: Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate.

Our deepest fear in that we are powerful beyond measure.

It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us.

We ask ourselves: who am I to be brilliant,

gorgeous, talented and fabulous?

Actually, who are you not to be one?

You are a child of the universe.

Your playing small doesn't serve the world.

There is nothing enlightening about shrinking

so that other people won't feel insecure around you.

We are born to manifest

the glory of the universe that is within us.

It is not just in some of us: it is in everyone.

5. Writing

Grammar practice ( Past Indefinite)

Inventions

Complete the text, using the past tense forms of  the verbs in the box below.

Use negatives:

Invent know crash break like

Be(3) come cut  throw take

say use have explode kill

 

1. When Joseph Merlin ______(1) roller skates in 1760 he decided to demonstrate them at a large party. Half way through the party he appeared in the ballroom wearing his skates and playing a violin. Unfortunately he______(2) how  to turn or stop , and he ______(3) into a large mirror at the end of the room. He________(4) the mirror and his violin and ended up in hospital.
2. A customer in an expensive New York restaurant complained to head waiter George Grum that he _____ (5) his chips because they were too thick.Grum_____(6)very annoyed. He______ (7) into the kitchen ,______(8) a potato into very thin slices, and______(9) the slices into a par of hot oil. Then he _____(10) them black to the customer, who (to Grum`s surprise )___(11) that they tasted delicious. They _______ (12) the world`s first potato crisps.
3. In 1868 the City Council set up  the world`s first traffic light outside the Houses of  Parliament in London. The traffic light ____(13) electricity- instead it____(14) gas lamps behind red and green glass. It______(15) a great success: after a few days it____(16) and ______(17) a policeman. It was almost 50 years before they built another traffic light.
   1. invented
   2. didn’t know
   3. crashed
   4. broke
   5. didn’t like
   6. was
   7. came
   8. cut
   9. threw
   10. took
   11. said
   12. were
   13. didn’t use
   14. had
   15. wasn’t
   16. exploded
   17. killed

 

2. BIG IDEAS

Who invented these things? Match the inventions with the names.

1. The telephone                                         a) John Logie Baird
2. The record player                                   b) the Lumiere brothers
3. The lift                                                    c) Elisha Otis
4. Radio                                                      d) Eadweard Muybridge
5. Colour photogpaphy                              e) the Wright brothers
6. Electric light                                           f) Alexander Graham Bell
7. The computer disk                                  g) Alexander Popov
8. Television                                                h) Thomas Edison(he invented two
9. The aeroplane                                                two of them)
10.                      Film (moving pictures)                  i) Yoshiro Nakamata

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

 

3. Summerising
    

T. You have heard many interesting facts, impressive information  about creators and designers.

Sophocles said «Wonders are many, and nothing is more wonderful than man».