Presentation "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION"

POLLUTION

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONThe position of the world ’s land, air and water is the fastest-spreading disease of civilization. It probably causes more damage than earthquakes and floods and it is one of the history’s greatest dangers to human life on Earth. Over pollution and energy consumption have created such planet-wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warning which are caused by the greenhouse effect. The seas are in danger. They contain poisonous industrial and chemical waste. Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million specias will have become extinct by 2020. Air pollutions is a very serious problem, too. Some areas are over polluted and dangerous to live in. For example, in Cairo just breathing the air is life threaten – equal to smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. Factories and plants emit tons of harmful substances into the water and atmosphere every day. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

People cut down rainforests in big amount regularly. It is a real disaster for the whole planet , because these areas are natural habitats for millions of exotic birds, insects and animals. As a result all these species are killed by such wrong actions. At present more and more people are realising that environmental problems have spread all over the world and it is not an individual problem of a separate country. That’s why a lot of wise scientists and statesmen join and support various international organisations and green parties to protect our planet from the world catastrophe. If government hear and follow them – perhaps we’ll be lucky to avoid the complete disaster that is threatening the nature and all of us with it.

Air pollution Air pollution is the accumulation in the atmosphere of substances that, in sufficient concentrations, endanger human health or produce other measured effects on living matter and other materials. Among the major sources of pollution are power and heat generation, the burning of solid wastes, industrial processes, and, especially, transportation. The six major types of pollutants are carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulates, sulfur dioxide, and photochemical oxidants.

Examples of Air Pollution. Tobacco Smoke. Exhaust Gases of Vehicles. Combustion of Coal. Acid rain

Tobacco Smoke. Tobacco smoke is one of the major forms of pollution in buildings. It is not only the smoker who is infected, but everyone who inhales the polluted air. There is a very strong connection between smoking and lung cancer. Bronchitis is common among smokers and unborn babies of mothers who smoke also suffer from the harmful effects of smoking. Exhaust Gases of Vehicles. Pollution from exhaust gases of vehicles is reponsible for 60% of all air pollution and in cities up to 80%. There is a large variety of harmful chemicals present in these gases, with lead being one of the most dangerous

Combustion of Coal. The combustion of caol without special precautions can have serious consequences. If winds do not blow away the poisonous gases, they can have fatal effects and may lead to death. Acid rain. Acid rain is the term for pollution caused when sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmospheric moisture to produce highly acidic rain, snow, hail, or fog. The acid eats into the stone, brick and metal articles and pollutes water sources. Coal in South Africa is rich in sulphur and the power stations in the Mpumalanga Province could be reponsible for acid rain over other areas of our country.

Water Pollution. Water pollution is the introduction into fresh or ocean waters of chemical, physical, or biological material that degrades the quality of the water and affects the organisms living in it. This process ranges from simple addition of dissolved or suspended solids to discharge of the most insidious and persistent toxic pollutants (such as pesticides, heavy metals, and nondegradable, bioaccumulative, chemical compounds).

Examples of Water Pollution. Industrial affluents. Mining and Agricultural Wastes. Sewage Disposal and Domestic Wastesppt_xxshearppt_x

Examples of Water Pollution. Industrial affluents Water is discharged from after having been used in production processes. This waste water may contain acids, alkalis, salts, poisons, oils and in some cases harmful bacteria. Mining and Agricultural Wastes. Mines, especially gold and coal mines, are responsible for large quatities of acid water. Agricultural pesticides, fertilisers and herbicides may wash into rivers and stagnant water bodies. Sewage Disposal and Domestic Wastes. Sewage as wel as domestic and farm wastes were often allowed to pollute rivers and dams.

Land Pollution. Land pollution is the degradation of the Earth's land surface through misuse of the soil by poor agricultural practices, mineral exploitation, industrial waste dumping, and indiscriminate disposal of urban wastes. It includes visible waste and litter as well as pollution of the soil itself.

Examples of Land Pollution. Soil Pollution. Waste Disposal

Examples of Land Pollution. Soil Pollution. Soil pollution is mainly due to chemicals in herbicides (weed killers) and pesticides (poisons which kill insects and other invertebrate pests). Litter is waste material dumped in public places such as streets, parks, picnic areas, at bus stops and near shops. Waste Disposal. The accumulation of waste threatens the health of people in residential areas. Waste decays, encourages household pests and turns urban areas into unsightly, dirty and unhealthy places to live in.style.colorfillcolorfill.typestyle.colorfillcolorfill.type