ПРОКАЧАЙ СВІЙ МОЗОК! Розділ підготовки до ЗНО з англійської мови. Частина «Читання» (Завдання на встановлення відповідності). Тести.

ПРОКАЧАЙ СВІЙ МОЗОК!

Розділ підготовки до ЗНО з англійської мови. Частина «Читання»

(Завдання на встановлення відповідності)

READING

TASK 6

Третя частина (питання з 27 до 32).

ЗНО-це шлях до мрії, крок до мети!

ЗНО- це наймасштабніший захід у країні, це дуже вимогливий тест, який необхідно пройти. Єдине, що треба-вчити, практикувати та повторювати. Відповідно, для досягнення високого результату потрібно гарненько попрацювати.

Головна особливість цієї частини «Читання» – виявити рівень сформованості вмінь здобувачів освіти читати і розуміти автентичні тексти самостійно, у визначений проміжок часу.

Тож, прокачай свій мозок!

Приклади тестових завдань у форматі ЗНО з відповідями.

№1

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

1

Man has added extraneous substances to his food since prehistoric times. Salt and spices are the oldest food additives we know of, used by prehistoric man to preserve his meat and fish, and to make the taste more interesting. Today, the substances, natural and synthetic, added to food run into thousands. Most of the foods we buy contain one or more additives.

2

In most developing countries, two-thirds or more of the people live in rural areas, with few, if any, of the services the city-dweller takes for granted. Water taps in houses, for example, are almost unknown. At best, there may be a village well. Often the only source of water is a lake or a stream, perhaps several kilometres away. The drudgery of water-carrying can take up the better part of every day.

3

 It is not necessary to emphasize the enormous restrictions that blindness imposes upon the ordinary procedures of earning a living: we’re only too well aware that we’re in general more dependent on sight than on smell, touch or hearing. But it’s worth pointing out that sight affects the knowledge of the world we receive through our other senses.

4

 Mankind is always searching for a better life. One way of improving it is to plan work so that it corresponds to the capacities and needs of the worker. Ergonomics is concerned with fitting work to man. It doesn’t limit its goal to the elimination of physical hazards to health, but aims at making the work more satisfying to the worker.

5

People need to be made far more aware of safety in ordinary everyday situations — a classic example, of course, is the child reaching for the bottle of tablets Mum forgot to lock away — and it seems to me that the cinema would be the ideal place in which to get the message across. A film about safety tucked at the end of the forthcoming attractions and advertisements would then be seen by a large section of the population.

A Most food nowadays contains additives.

В Books are good.

C Showing short safety films in the cinema would be an excellent way of promoting awareness of the need for everyday safety consciousness.

D Work can be organized to suit the capabilities of humans.

E Juan enjoys playing games.

F We depend on sight.

G Most people in developing countries have to carry all their water.

H All cartoons are bad.

Answers: 1А;2G; 3F; 4D;5С.

№2

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

1

Nicole Kidman spoke of the tension on her marriage to Keith Urban yesterday when he went into rehab months after the pair wed. The Oscar winner told of her upset in an interview with Russell Crowe for Oprah Winfrey Show.

2

Women will earn the same prize money as their male counterparts for the first time at this year’s Wimbledon tournament. In the past Wimbledon officials had argued that the difference in pay was justified by the fact that women play best-of-three set matches while men played best-of-five.

3

Britain’s first entirely green housing estate complete with wind turbines and rainwater harvesting facilities, is to be built in London’s Docklands. Residents in the zero-carbon development will be able to grow their own food in community greenhouse and power their TV sets with tree branches.

4

Many of England’s most popular universities may risk incurring government penalty this autumn by recruiting more students than they are allowed. Surry University which has seen a 40% increase in applications is considering ignoring a government cap on the number of students it takes in.

5

Not all the stars will be dripping with diamonds if campaigners have their way. This year Oscar’s ceremony was supposed to be conflict-free, at least in the jewels department. But the film Blood Diamond, which brought Leonardo Di Caprio a new nomination, gave the industry the perfect excuse to develop a conscience about the true origins of the jewels adorning its actresses. Campaigners protest against the fact that the diamonds are the result of hardworking slavery in the African countries just to shine at the neck, fingers or ears of fancy ladies. It remains to be seen what would happen in the end.

A Rehab hit Marriage

В Universities risk fines

C Sued in London

D Blood and bling at the Oscar’s

E Biggest shoppers

F Equal pay at Wimbledon

G Green estate

H Plane fme

Answers: 1А;2F; 3G;4С;5D.

№3

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

1

As football’s First Family agonise over whether to pack their designer suitcases, Giles Tremlett reveals the quality of life they could be living in the Spanish capital. There was an extra spring in the step of traders and bar owners in Madrid’s main shopping street, Calle Serrano. As the weekend throng headed for the heart of the city, businesses were preparing for another day of healthy takings — and things could be about to get even better: the Beckhams may soon be in town.

The swirl of rumour surrounding David Beckham’s possible transfer from Manchester United to Real Madrid has sent pulses racing here. The city is used to the sight of the world’s most glamorous footballers, but the potential arrival of Britain’s most famous showbusiness couple — la Spice pija (Posh Spice) and ‘el Beckham’ — has sent Madrilenos into a frenzy.

2

Prince Andrew has used the royal jet to fly to Scotland and back for a round of golf — landing the taxpayer with a Ј10,000 bill.

The Duke had the BAel46 jet, from 32 Squadron, wait 11 hours while he played in the golf match. He spent the afternoon on the links at the Royal and Ancient Golf Club at St Andrews, then had dinner in the clubhouse before being whisked back to the waiting jet for the return flight to London. Andrew joined R&A members on the first day of their Spring Meeting at the historic home of golf on Bank Holiday Monday. He carried out no other duties in Scotland that day — and didn’t even meet up with his nephew, Prince William, who is a student at St Andrews University.

3

Outrage greeted the Government last night after it insisted that burglars have the same legal rights as their innocent victims. The astonishing claim could lead to hundreds of greedy criminals suing for injuries received while committing offences.

MPs on all sides and campaigners for crime victims said it was madness to treat the guilty as if they were innocent, and united in declaring that crime must not pay.

The move came as a court heard that key documents that could have won Tony Martin early release were withheld from the Parole Board by Home Secretary David Blunkett.

4

The ten greatest movie goddesses of all time will be unveiled on Monday — with no Brit beauties on the list.

Chicago babe Catherine Zeta Jones, Titanic star Kate Winslet and screen legend Elizabeth Taylor all land on the cuttingroom floor. They lose out to EIGHT Americans and two Aussies.

Channel 4 viewers were invited to name their 100 film favourites — men or women. The 100 Greatest Movie Stars are revealed tomorrow night, then the top ten men and women the following evening. But The Sun already knows the hottest secret — the leading ten ladies.

5

Childminders are set to be banned from smacking children in their care — even if they have permission from parents. The new rules are soon to be officially unveiled by the Government.

The ban, which will cover England’s 70,000 registered childminders, will also see carers stopped from smoking in front of youngsters, the Department of Education and Skills said.

A Brits left reeling in TV poll

В To reign in Spain?

C Andrew’s Ј10,000 jet trip for game of golf

D MPs and campaigners slam move for burglars’ rights

E Childminders face ban on smacking

F Girl officer in ‘jail sex hell’

G Neighbours stunned as family flees

H Poll win foils coup bid

Answers:1B;2С;3D; 4А;5Е.

№4

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentence; you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

1

Money often causes problems in a marriage, sometimes leading couples directly to divorce court. To control money problems in a marriage, set goals to clarify what you really want. Another technique is to find out where you are really spending your money. Add up those ’little’ expenses such as a morning cup of latte at $3.00 a cup or an apple-blueberry muffin for $1.00. At the end of the year, you’ve spent $1,460. In addition, set a ’talk to me’ limit, deciding which purchases require a household discussion. For example, many couples might decide that any purchase over $200 requires a joint discussion before purchase.

2

When aging parents need help, it puts a tremendous weight on their adult children. The situtation is particularly difficult if the parent does not live nearby. To handle such difficult situations, some health experts advise adult children to investigate community resources such as Meals on Wheels Another suggestion is to rotate care among other family members. Sometimes the problem can be alleviated by having the parent move closer. Is is also essential to assess the parent’s actual needs.

3

The cold and flu season typically occurs during the fall and winter. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, one billion colds occur in the United States each year with children suffering the majority of these. To ward off colds, wash your hands frequently Another technique is to avoid touching one’s eyes and nose. Cleaning household surfaces with disinfectants can also help reduce the spread of infection. However, avoiding people with colds іs equally important.

4

Because of the danger of hypothermia, one should dress in layers if exercising during cold winter weather. Another precaution to take for exercising in the winter months is to drink plenty of liquids and to watch for frostbite. Stretching before and after exercising is also vital in winter because one’s muscles will be cold.

5

When you reach a stop sign and no one is coming from the other direction, do you roll on through instead of stopping? A large majority of bad drivers say that they believe it is okay to go through stop signs as long as no one gets hurt. Do you talk on the cell phone while driving instead of pulling over to stop and talk? Seventy-seven percent of bad drivers frequently don’t pull over. Do you hate driving behind large vehicles that obstruct your view? More than 60% of bad drivers report that they are frustrated when driving behind SUVs. Do you find yourself in confrontations on the road because of your own driving habits or the driving habits of others? At least half of all bad drivers do.

A There are several ways to tell if you have the habits of bad drivers.

В Some serious medical conditions often go unnoticed.

C There are several ways to manage marital money problems.

D Winter weather is no excuse for lack of exercise.

E Adult children can use several strategies to assist their aging parents.

F Millions of people suffer from colds in the U.S. each year.

G There are several effective prevention techniques individuals can use to avoid the flu or a cold.

H There are a few rules to follow for exercising in cold weather.

Answers:1C;2Е;3G;4Н;5А.

№5

Read the given text. Match the sentences (A-H) to the passages (1-5). There are three sentences you should not use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

WHEN A COMPUTER ERROR IS A FATAL MISTAKE

Our lives depend on computers. They control our money, transport, our exam results. Yet their programs are now so complex that no one can get rid of all the mistakes.

Life without computers has become unimaginable. They are designed to look after so many boring but essential tasks — from microwave cooking to flying across the Atlantic — that we have become dependent on them.

1

But as the demands placed on computers grow, so have the number of incidents involving computer errors. Now computer experts are warning that the traditional ways of building computer systems are just not good enough to deal with complex tasks like flying planes or maintaining nuclear power stations. It is only a matter of time before a computer-made catastrophe occurs.

2

As early as 1889, a word entered the language that was to become all too familiar to computer scientists: a ‘bug’, meaning a mistake. For decades bugs and ‘de-bugging’ were taken to be pan of every computer engineer’s job. Everyone accepted that there would always be some mistakes in any new system. But ‘safety critical’ systems that fly planes, drive trains or control nuclear power stations can have bugs that could kill. This is obviously unacceptable.

3

One way to stop bugs in computer systems is to get different teams of programmers to work in isolation from each other. That way, runs the theory, they won’t all make the same type of mistake when designing and writing computer codes. In fact research shows that programmers think alike, have the same type of training — and make similar mistakes. So even if they work separately, mis­takes can still occur. Another technique is to produce back up systems that start to operate when the first system fails. This has been used on everything from the space shuttle to the A320 airbus, but unfortunately problems that cause one computer to fail can make all the others fail, too.

4

A growing number of computer safety experts believe the time has come to stop trying to ‘patch up’ computer systems. They say programmers have to learn to think clearly and to be able to demonstrate through mathematical symbols that the program cannot go seriously wrong. Until programmers learn to do this, we will probably just have to live with the results of computer bugs.

5

Of course, more often than not the errors are just annoying, but sometimes they can come close to causing tragedies. On the Picadilly line in London’s Underground a driver who was going south along a track got confused while moving his empty train through a cross-over point. He started to head north straight at a south-bound train full of people. The computerised signalling system failed to warn him of impeding disaster and it was only his quick human reactions that prevented a crash.

A Experts say ’Bring back math!’

В Old methods are no longer satisfactory

C We couldn’t live without computer

D Hotels are carefully classified

E An old problem with serious consequences

F A potentially tragic error

G Self-catering accommodation comes

H Two new approaches, but they solve the problem?

Answers:1B;2Е;3Н; 4А;5F.