Таблиця всіх часів англійської мови "English tenses"

😎(subject)

V (verb)

Vs

Ving

V2

V3

Ved

Особа або предмет дії, підмет (іменник);

дієслово в інфінітиві (початковій формі): для англійської це дієслова по типу to be - бути (to play - грати, to speak - говорити, to take - брати), АЛЕ, входячи до граматичної часової конструкції речення вживається без частки to; дієслово з закінченням -s або -es (ознака Present Simple);

дієслово з закінченням -ing (підкреслює тривалість дії, ознака Continuous);

дієслово, змінене за другою колонкою спеціальної таблиці irregular verbs (неправильних дієслів), (ознака Past Simple);

дієслово, змінене за третьою колонкою спеціальної таблиці irregular verbs (неправильних дієслів), (вказує на завершеність

(доконаність) дії, ознака Perfect);

дієслово з закінченням -ed (вживається замість V2 та V3 у випадках, коли дієслова є правильними (reggular verbs), тобто всі, що НЕ ввійшли до переліку нерегулярних (irregular verbs), їх треба вивчити, запам’ятати).

    A    rmative

Negative

Questions

Present

Continuous

           Дії, які

відбуваються

прямо зараз       Тимчасові дії, які

😎 + am/is/are + Ving + ...

I = am + Ving (playing)

He, she, it = is + Ving

(reading)

😎 + am not/isn't/aren't + Ving + ...

I = am not + Ving

(playing)

He, she, it = is not

Am/Is/Are + 😎  + Ving + ... ?

Am = I + Ving (playing) ?

Is = he, she, it + Ving (reading) ?

відбуваються зараз

Зміна ситуації Плани на найближче майбутнє       Негативне ставлення до дій

now, right now, still at the moment

this morning, this afternoon

today, tonight, these days, nowadays

You, we, they = are +

Ving (swimming)

 She is still watching TV.  We are playing football this afternoon.  They are studying English with interest nowadays.

(isn’t) + Ving (reading)

You, we, they = are not (aren’t) + Ving (swimming) ?

 I am not working today.  She is not sleeping right now.  They are not eating dinner at the

Are = you, we, they + Ving (swimming) ?

 Are you listening to music now?

 Is he playing the guitar these days?  Are they going to the party tonight?

moment

times

this week, this afternoon

for an hour, for a long time

The weather has changed a lot.

They haven't been to the cinema for a long time.

project?

    A    rmative

Negative

Questions

Past

Continuous

   Опис тривалих дій у минулому,

які були перервані іншою дією

😎 + was/were

+ Ving + ...

I, he, she, it = was + Ving (playing, singing, making)

You, we, they = were

+ Ving (playing,

😎 + wasn't/weren't + Ving+ ...

I, he, she, it = wasn’t + Ving (playing, singing,

making)

Was/Were + 😎 + Ving + ... ?

Was = I, he, she, it  + Ving (playing, singing, making) ?

Were = you, we, they  

+ Ving (playing,

at the same time Past Perfect

   Для опису дії, яка завершилася

до іншої дії в минулому       Для висловлення припущення, що щось сталося в минулому

   У додаткових реченнях часу

з after, when, before

😎 + had + Ved/V3 + ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = had + Ved (smiled, climbed) / V3

(begun, spoken, met)

I had finished my homework

before I went to bed.

She had already eaten when I arrived.

😎 + hadn't + Ved/V3 + ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = hadn’t + Ved (smiled, climbed) / V3

(begun, spoken, met)

I hadn't seen him before that day.

She hadn't finished her project by the deadline.

Had+ 😎 +

Ved/V3 + ... ?

Had = I, you, we, they, he, she, it + Ved

(smiled, climbed) / V3 (begun, spoken, met) ?

Had you finished your work?

Had she been to London before?

Had they left the party when

before, before the

moment

no sooner… than,

by two o’clock, by half past six

by that time, by evening

They had lived in Paris for five years before they moved to

New York.

They hadn't eaten dinner before they went to the party.

you arrived?

😎 + had + been + Ving + ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = had been + Ving (smiling, climbing, beginning, speaking, meeting)

I had been studying for two hours before I went to bed.

She had been waiting for an hour when he finally arrived.

They had been

living in that house for ten years before they sold it.

    A    rmative

Negative

Questions

Future

Continuous

    Опис дій, які відбуватимутьс я у певний момент у майбутньому       Демонстрація того, що дія

продовжувати меться протягом

😎 + will + be + Ving + ...

I, he, she, it, you, we, they = will be + Ving (going, catching, flying, giving, sitting)

I will be working at 5

😎 + won't + be + Ving + ...

I, he, she, it, you, we, they = will not (won’t) be + Ving (going, catching, flying, giving, sitting)

I will not be working at 5

Will + 😎 + be + Ving + ... ?

Will = I, he, she, it, you, we, they +  be + Ving (going, catching, flying, giving, sitting) ?

Will you be working at 5

Future Perfect

    Демонстрація того, що щось станеться до певного моменту у майбутньому       Говоримо про дію, яка матиме результат у майбутньому       Незавершені

дії

before, till, until by then, by the time

😎 + will + have + Ved/V3 + ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = will have + Ved (liked, called) / V3

(taken, hidden, kept)

I will have finished my work by 5 o'clock.

She will have bought a new car by next year.

😎 + won't + have + Ved/V3

+ ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = will not (won’t) have + Ved

(liked, called) / V3

(taken, hidden, kept)

I will not have finished my work by 5 o'clock.

She will not have bought a

Will + 😎 + have + Ved/V3 + ... ?

Will = I, you, we, they, he, she, it + have + Ved (liked, called) / V3 (taken, hidden, kept) ?

Will you have finished your homework by tomorrow?

Will she have arrived by the time the party starts?

by 3 p.m, by 5 o’clock

by tomorrow, by next week

They will have traveled to many countries by the time they retire.

new car by next year.

They will not have traveled to many countries by the time they

Will they have left by the time we get there?

i

😎 + will + have

+ been + Ving +

...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = will have been + Ving (liking, calling, taking, hiding, keeping)

By next year, I will have been studying

English for 5 years.

By the time she arrives, they will have been waiting for her for two hours.

They will have been traveling for two weeks by the time they reach Australia

😎+ won't + have + been +

Ving + ...

I, you, we, they, he, she, it = will not (won’t) have been +

Ving (liking, calling, taking, hiding, keeping)

By next week, I will not have

been working on this report for a week.

By the time they finish the marathon, they will not have been running for more than 4 hours.

By the end of the month, she will not have

Will + 😎 + have

+ been + Ving +

... ?

Will = I, you, we, they, he, she, it + have been + Ving (liking, calling, taking, hiding, keeping) ?

Will you have been living in this city for 10 years by next year?

Will they have been studying for the exam for 5 hours by the time it starts?

Will she have been teaching for 30 years?

been working on this project