Урок "Present Perfect 1"

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am Present perfect 1 (I have done)

wa Study this example situation:

Tom can’t find his key.

—) He’s lost his key. (= He has lost...)

n he has lost his key =

he lost it and he doesn’t have it now

have lost / has lost is the present perfect simple:

finished

lost

done

\/we/they/you have (=I’ve etc.)

he/she/it has (=he’setc.) been etc.

The present perfect simple is have/has + past participle. The past participle often ends in -ed

(finished /decided etc.), but many verbs are irregular (lost/done/written etc.).

For a list of irregular verbs, see Appendix 1.

When we say ‘something has happened, this is usually new information:

) Ow! I’ve cut my finger.

) The road is closed. There’s been an accident. (= There has been ...)

) Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.

When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with now. The action in the past has a result now:

) Tom has lost his key. (= he doesn’t have it now)

) He told me his name, but I’ve forgotten it. (=| can’t remember it now)

) Sallyis still here. She hasn’t gone out. (= she is here now)

) I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? (= do you know where it is now?)

Compare gone (to) and been (to):

) James ison holiday. He has gone to Italy. (=he is there now or on his way there)

) Amy is back home now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back)

ea You can use the present perfect with just, already and yet.

Just =a short time ago:

) ‘Areyou hungry?’ ‘No, ’ve just had lunch.

) Hello. Have you just arrived?

Already = sooner than expected:

) ‘Don't forget to pay the bill’ ‘?’'ve already paid it’

) ‘What time is Mark leaving?’ ‘He’s already left.

Yet = until now. We use yet to show that we are expecting something to happen.

We use yet in questions and negative sentences:

) Has it stopped raining yet?

) I’ve written the email, but! haven’t sent it yet.

You can also use the past simple (did, went, had etc.) in the examples on this page. So you can say:

©) Benisn’t here. He’s gone out. or He went out.

© ‘Areyou hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve justhad lunch. or ‘No, |justhad lunch’