English

Heritage

Roman Britain (AD 43 - C.410)

Prior to the Roman invasion in 43 AD, England was mainly inhabited by the Celtic people or native Britons, a civilization known for their magnificent jewelry, On the arrival of the Roman armies, the Celts were pushed back to Wales and the region of England became a Roman province for 400 years, with remnants of the occupation still scattered around the UK,

We get an idea of what the native Britons looked like thanks to a description of them in here , but do remember, of course, they were Caesar's enemy, so his opinion might be a little bit one-sided. "All Britons used woad to dye their bodies a blue colour, which makes them terrifying when they are fighting in battle, "

The Celts also put lime in their hair to make it stiff and thick, which made them look even more ferocious (syn.furious, cruel, brutal), "They used their chariots in battle, steering them in all directions while hurling their weapons, generally causing the enemy to separate apart. Then one of the warriors leaps from the chariot and fights on foot. "

To the Roman world, Britain was an unknown and mysterious land across the sea whenJulius Caesar-invaded in 55-54 BC, Despite inflictingdefeats on the British, Caesar soon made peace with his opponents and returned-to Gaul

Who attempted to invade

Britain?

Caesar invaded the country twice, but he never actually managed to take over. That would have to wait until 100 years later (in AD 43) when the Emperor Claudius tried again and this time, he succeeded,

And that is how the British Isles became part of the Roman

Empire,

Why did the Romans invade Britain?

The Romans wanted Britain's precious metals gold, tin and iron - and its cattle,

Did the Romans and Celts live in peace?

Some of the native British tribes have agreed to support and work with the Romans, but others were not so happy,

After years of heavy taxes and the Romans taking their land, some Celtic tribes were desperate for revenge,Queen

Boudica raised a huge army

Boudicca is known for being a warrior queen of the Iceni people, who lived in what is now East Anglia, England, In 60-61 CE she led the Iceni and other peoples in a revolt against Roman rule. Although her forces massacred some 70,000 Romans and their supporters, they were ultimately defeated,

What impact did the Romans have on Britain?

Built big brick and stone buildings with central heating.

They built sewage systems and paved, straight roads that stretched right across the country to connect up all their new Roman towns, The Romans also built temples to worship their many gods - like Mars, Jupiter, Mercury and

Venus,

The Romans brought animals, like rabbits to Britain, And stinging nettles (1«p011L4Ba) too! The Romans introduced over 50 new kinds of food plants: fruits such as fig, grape, apple, pear, cherry, plum, damson, mulberry, date and olive; vegetables such as cucumber and celery; nuts, seeds and pulses such as lentil, pine nut, almond, walnut and sesame; and herbs and spices including coriander, dill and fennel,

MEDICINES

AND DOCTORS

The Latin Alphabet

words come from Latin, like

'enormous' and 'victory' and

'lavatory'!

The ways we measure distances miles feet and inches - that's all Roman, We've got Roman numerals, which you can still see in a lot of places, like clocks, And coins too the Romans made using coins to buy things popular throughout the whole of

Roman Britain, rather than just swapping one thing for another like a sheep for a sword for example,

Religion

Games and shows

What was Britain called before and after the Romans?

'Pretani% from which it came from, was a

Celtic word that most likely meant 'the painted people', 'Albion' was another name recorded in the classical sources for the island we know as Britain, 'Albion' probably predates 'Pretannia', The word 'Britain' came from the Romans,

Etymology

"Britain" comes from Latin: Britannia-Brittania, via Old French Bretaigne and Middle English

Breteyne, possibly influenced by Old English

Bryten(lond), probably also from Latin Brittania, ultimately an adaptation of the Common

Brittonic name for the island, *Pritanr,

THE END OF ROMAN RULE

By the early 5th century, the Roman Empire could no longer defend itself against either internal rebellion or the external threat posed by

Germanic tribes expanding in Western Europe, This situation and its consequences governed the eventual permanent detachment of

Britain from the rest of the Empire.

By AD 41 0 Britain had slipped out of Roman control, its inhabitants left to fend for themselves,