Презентація "Agriculture in Ukraine"

Agriculture in Ukraine

Content:1. Agrarian sector of Ukraine2. Two branches of agriculture

{5 C22544 A-7 EE6-4342-B048-85 BDC9 FD1 C3 A}agricultural lands["xgri'k. Alt. Surql lxndz]сільгоспугіддяarable lands['xrqbl lxndz]орні землі, рілляbarley['ba:li]ячміньbee-keeping['bi:ki:pi. N]бджільництвоbuckwheat['b. Akwi:t]гречкаcabbage['kæbid. Z]капустаcarrot['kærqt]морква. VOCABULARY:

{5 C22544 A-7 EE6-4342-B048-85 BDC9 FD1 C3 A}cattle breeding['kætl 'br. Jdi. N]розведення великої рогатої худоби, скотарствоcereals['siqriqlz]хлібні злакиchicken['t. Sikin]курка, курчаcucumber['kju:kqmbq]огірокdried lands['draid lxndz]осушені землі

{5 C22544 A-7 EE6-4342-B048-85 BDC9 FD1 C3 A}duck[d. Ak]качкаfertile soil['fq:tail s. Oil]родючий грунтfish farming[fi. S 'fa:mi. N]рибництвоflax[flæks]льонfruit raising[fru:t 'reizi. N]плодівництвоfur animals[fq: 'xnimqlz]хутрові звіріgarlic['ga:lik]часникgoose[gu:s]гусак, гускаgrain crops[grein kr. Ops]зернові культуриhectare['hekta:]гектарindustrial crops[in'd. Astriql kr. Ops]технічні культури

{5 C22544 A-7 EE6-4342-B048-85 BDC9 FD1 C3 A}legumes['legju:mz]зернобобовіlivestock['laivst. Ok]худобаmaize[meiz]кукурудзаmelon['melqn]диняmillet['milit]просоoats[outs]овесonion['Anjqn]цибуляpig raising[pig 'reizi. N]свинарствоpotato[pq'teitou]картопляpoultry['poultri]свійська птицяrice[rais]рис

{5 C22544 A-7 EE6-4342-B048-85 BDC9 FD1 C3 A}rye[rai]житоsheep farming[Si:p 'fa:mi. N]вівчарствоsugar beet['Sugq bi:t]цукровий бурякsunflower['s. Anflauq]соняшникtomato[tq'ma:tou]помідорturkey['tq:ki]індикvegetable raising['ved. Zitqbl 'reizi. N]овочівництвоwatered lands['w. O:tqrid lxndz]зрошувані земліwheat[wi:t]пшениця

1. Agrarian sector of Ukraine. Ukraine has very favorable conditions for the development of agricultural production: fertile soils, temperately warm climate, a well-developed industry of processing of agricultural raw materials.

All the principal areas of plant cultivation are: grain and industrial crops, meadow crops, fruit and vegetable raising. Almost half of the cropping area is occupied by cereals such as: winter wheat, maize and legumes, rye, oats, barley. The principal grain crop, winter wheat, is sown mainly in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones. Maize is grown mostly in Transcarpathia and Steppe zones. Buck­wheat, millet, rice play an important role.

Among the industrial crops such as sugar beet, sunflower, flax, the leading position is occupied by sugar beet. Close to 40 types of vegetable crops are grown in Ukraine: cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, red beet, carrot, onion, garlic, etc. Melon growing is practiced mainly in the south. Potatoes occupy 6% of total area under cultivation.

The poultry industry is spread in all the provinces. Birds farmed include chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys. There are large mechanized poultry factories to produce eggs and meat. Fish farming is growing in importance, with carp being the most common fish. Trout, which is to be found in the Mountain Rivers, is of commercial interest.

Beekeeping is spread through all zones. It is extensively practiced on private plots.

Agricultural production in Ukraine is organized around the private farm system. Per capita land supply in Ukraine is 0.8 hectares of agricultural lands and 0.64 hectares of arable lands. The total area of watered lands in Ukraine is equal to 2596 thousand hectares and that of the dried lands is 2837 thousand hectares.

2. Two branches of agriculture. There are two main branches of agricultural production – crop production and animal husbandry. Crop production is the practice of growing and harvesting crops. The most important crops grown by man are grain, vegetables and grasses. In order to obtain high yields crops are grown under favourable soil and climatic conditions.

Animal husbandry is a branch of agriculture including the breeding of farm animals and their use. Dairy and beef cattle, hogs, sheep, and poultry are widely bred throughout the world. Farm animals are highly important sources of food for man. They are kept for the production of such nutritious products as meat, milk and eggs.

Many crops grown by man are used in feeding livestock. At the same time manure produced by farm animals is an important source for the maintenance of soil fertility. Most of the nutrients taken by plants from the soil are thus returned. Applying manure, farmers improve the physical condition of the soil. Thus crop production and animal husbandry are closely connected with each other.