Презентація "Changes in Reported Speech"

Changes in Reported Speech

We either change or don’t change the tense in reported speech, if there is general truth “ Paris is the capital of France,”the teacher said. - The teacher said that Paris is the capital of France.

We either change or don’t change the tense in reported speech, if there is law of nature “ Winter is colder than autumn,” the girl said. - The girl said that winter is colder than autumn.

But there are cases when we mustn’t change the tense

Situation 1 When we report someone’s words a short time after they were said ( so called up-to-date reporting) “ We are having a party,” he said . - He said that they are / were having a party.

Situation 2 When we have a sentence with the introductory verb in Present or Future tenses“ Milk is useful for bones,” he says. - He says that milk is useful for bones.

Situation 3 When we report the sentence with Conditional 2 or Conditional 3 types“ If we lived in the countryside, we would have flower beds around the house,” she said. - She said that if they lived in the countryside, they would have flower beds around the house.

There is also the case when changing the tense we give additional meaning to the sentence

When we want to show that we consider the speaker’s words to be untrue “ England is a republic,” he said. - He said that England was a republic. (it has never been one)