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Selection and Use of Supplementary Materials and Activities

What are Supplementary materials? Books and other materials are books and other materials we can use in addition to the course book.

Course book include skills development materials, grammar, vocabulary materials, phonology practice materials,, collections of communicative activities and teacher’s resource materials.

Supplementary materials may come from authentic sources, for example, newspaper and magazine articles, video, etc. Some course book packages include supplementary materials and activities, especially designed to fit activities, syllabus, and there are also many websites where you can download supplementary materials.

How to select supplementary materials and activities By recognizing that we need something more than (or different from) the material in the course book By knowing where to find the most appropriate kinds of material.

Reasons for using supplementary materials To replace unsuitable material in the course book To fill gaps in the course book To provide suitable material for learners’ particular needs and interests To give learners extra language or skill language practice To add variety to our teaching

The most common situations where supplementary materials are useful When the textbook provides insufficient or ineffective examples provides too few examples is too simple or complex for your students fails to cover an item of language at all can't be conveniently or logically suited to a complete class due to time constraints

Supplementary materials and activities can provide variety in lessons and useful extra practice, but it is important to make sure that they fit into the learners’ program, are suitable for the class and match the aims of a particular lesson. Supplementary materials and activities will not totally replace course books.

Class library of readers

Teacher’s resource books Advantages New ideas for lessons for teachers Disadvantages May not suit lesson aims, learners’ levels, needs, interests, cultural and background and learning styles

Video Advantages Provides visual context Source of cultural information Shows body language Disadvantages Equipment may not always be available Language may not be graded Lack of cultural background

Language practice books Advantages Extra practice Learners can work alone without teacher’s help (autonomy/ autonomous learners) Disadvantages Repetitive exercises Little or no context

Electronic materials Advantages Motivation Familiar for technology for learners Disadvantages Difficult for teacher to control how learners are working Little or no human feedback

Websites Advantages New ideas for lessons for teachers Variety of lesson plans, teaching plans, teaching materials, other materials, resources Disadvantages May not suit lesson aims, learners’ aims, learners’ levels, needs interests, etc. Sometimes difficult to find the right materials for the learners

Key concepts Get to know what supplementary materials are available in your school. Use a questionnaire or interviews for needs analysis at the beginning of the course to find out what you’ll do to add to the course book when you are planning your scheme of work.

Key concepts 2 Supplementary language practice materials are not always accompanied by teacher’s books, and the aims of activities may not be clear. Therefore, when selecting material, you need to think about how it will replace or improve in your course book materials.

Key concepts 3 It may be useful to use authentic material which is not designed for a particular level, in order to give learners with experience of working with more challenging texts and tasks.

Key concepts 4 The activities in materials designed to develop individual skills often include the use of other skills, e.g., learners need to read a text before they carry out a listening task, Some writing as a follow-up activity after a speaking activity. When selecting materials and activities, think carefully about all the skills that are required to the course book.

Key concepts 5 Many publishers produce practicing for separate language skills at different levels. Teacher’s resource books usually list tasks and activities according to level. you should check how appropriate the level for your learners. Think about the language they will need to understand