Презентації до теми Environment

Ecological problems. Of Ukraine

The current ecological situation on the planet Earth is characterized, almost everywhere, by the sharp deterioration of the quality of the environment. The fact that a person has done with nature, on a scale is catastrophic. Polluted atmosphere, hydrosphere, destroyed millions of hectares of fertile soils, pesticides and radioactive waste contaminated the planet, enormous amounts reached deforestation and desertification - the biosphere collapses. The threat of an ecological catastrophe has not passed our country too ....

Ukraine is one of the most urbanized countries in Europe - almost 70% of the population lives in cities. High concentration of man-made objects contributes to environmental pollution, reduces the comfort of life. The main sources of air pollution in the city are transport, power systems and industry. As a result, noise, vibration and electromagnetic pollution of cities are formed.

Dangerous for human health is the elevated electromagnetic background (electromagnetic smog) from various sources of radiation - TV stations, radio stations, radio transmitters of mobile phones. Electromagnetic radiation

Every year in the atmosphere of Ukraine there are more than 6 million tons of harmful substances. The main pollutants are industrial enterprises, which together with the smoke emit sulfur and carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, fluorine, ammonia, particles and compounds of mercury and arsenic into the air. Air Pollution

Increasing the number of cars on the roads also increased the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Over the past few years, the amount of exhaust gases entering the air on the territory of large cities has increased by 50-70%.

Low-quality water80% of water samples show that its quality does not meet the requirements of state standards. Today almost all Ukrainian reservoirs are close to the 3rd grade of pollution. At the same time, sewage treatment plants producing drinking water are designed to receive water of 1-2 classes of pollution.

Destruction of forests. Consumer forestry leads to the fact that the area of forests affected by pests and diseases is constantly increasing. And valuable wood species (oak, beech and pine) are replaced by low value (hornbeam, birch, aspen). The direct consequence of irrational deforestation is the increase in the frequency and intensity of floods in the western regions of Ukraine.

Land degradation. The active use of fertilizers has led to an increase in the area of acid soils (by 2, 4 million hectares over the past 15 years). Almost 40% of the total land area of Ukraine belongs to contaminated lands. The ecosystem of the soil is destroyed mainly due to the intensive development of erosion: in recent times it has yielded more than 35% of Ukraine's agricultural land.

Household waste. There are about 800 official landfills in Ukraine, the total amount of rubbish on which exceeded35 billion tons. According to the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, the total area of all landfills already occupies 4% of the country's land.

The total activity of radionuclides that went beyond the 4th power unit of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. April 26, 1986 and the following days after the accident, has exceeded 300 million curies. The accident has led to radioactive contamination of more than 145 thousand sq. Km of territory of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. The Chernobyl disaster

About 400 large public non-governmental organizations of the ecological profile work on the territory of Ukraine on this day, one of the main directions of which is the ecological education of the population. 343 state organizations deal with the same problem, including 35 specialized higher education institutions.

From the environment in which we liveeverything depends: our health, life, well-being. And we have to deal with the environment in a responsible way.